Medas, Meda, Medā, Medash: 39 definitions
Introduction:
Medas means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjikāmata-tantraMedas (मेदस्):—Sanskrit word for ‘fat’. It is associated with Gola, which is the fourth seat of the Svādhiṣṭhāna-chakra, according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra.
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsMedas (मेदस्) refers to “fat” or “marrow” and is commonly listed among the “five nectars” (pañcāmṛta), according to the Brahmayāmala-tantra, Tāntrikābhidhānakośa and Prabodhacandrodaya.—The extraction of the five nectars (pañcāmṛta-ākarṣaṇa), as well as other, Kāpālika-type cremation ground practices, also figure in the Brahmayāmala, as Hatley (2007, 143ff.) points out. The five substances are not listed in a systematic way, but they usually seem to include these four: semen (śukra), blood (rakta), fat/marrow (medas) and sneha (see also the entry pañcāmṛta in Tāntrikābhidhānakośa, vol. III).
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyMedā (मेदा):—Another name for Mahāmedā (Polygonatum verticillatum), a species of medicinal plant and used in the treatment of fever (jvara), as described in the Jvaracikitsā (or “the treatment of fever”) which is part of the 7th-century Mādhavacikitsā, a Sanskrit classical work on Āyurveda.
Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)Medas (मेदस्) refers to “fat”, as mentioned in verse 5.29-30 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] Of sour digestion and taste, constipating, heavy, (and) warming (are) curds [viz., dadhi]; (they are) destructive of wind (and) generative of fat [viz., medas-kṛt], sperm, strength, phlegm, hemorrhage, (gastric) fire, and cutaneous swellings. (As they are) appetizing, (they are) commended in anorexia, cold irregular fever, catarrh, and strangury; skimmed, however, in dysentery”.
Source: Shodhganga: Edition translation and critical study of yogasarasamgrahaMedā (मेदा) refers to the medicinal plant known as “Polygonatum Verticillatum Ali” and is dealt with in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning medā] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).
Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭuMedā (मेदा) is the Sanskrit name for an unidentified medicinal plant, according to verse 5.22-24 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. Notes: Also see Mahāmedā. Th. B.S. et al. report that the elongated tuberous roots of (i) Polygonatum verticillatum All. are sold in the market by the name of Medā/Mahāmedā, Uniyāl also proposes (ii) Polygonatum cirrhifolium Royle. and S.M. considers (iii) Orchis mascula Linn/ (Sālab-miśrī) or Orchis latifolia Linn. Muñjātaka.—[...] The tuber of Medā is of white colour and has a thick exudate-like medodhātu (liquid fat).
Medā is mentioned as having eighteen synonyms: Vasā, Maṇicchidrā, Jīvanī, Śalyaparṇikā, Nakhacchedyā, Himā, Raṅgā, Medasārā, Snehavatī, Medinī, Madhurā, Varā, Snigdhā, Medodravā, Sādhvī, Śalyadā, Bahurandhrikā and Puruṣadantikā.
Properties and characteristics: “Medā is sweet (madhura) and cooling (śīta). It alleviates pitta-doṣa, burning sensation, pain and cough. It is also indicated in tuberculosis and fevers. It aggravates vāta. [From synonym one = Medā (or Vasā?) through eight = Raṅgā (or Medasārā?) grows in central part of the country]”.
Source: eJournal of Indian Medicine: Jajjaṭa’s Nirantarapadavyākhyā and Other Commentaries on the CarakasaṃhitāMedā (मेदा) refers to Polygonatum cirrhifolium (Wall.) Royle., and is the name of a medicinal plant mentioned in the 7th-century Nirantarapadavyākhyā by Jejjaṭa (or Jajjaṭa): one of the earliest extant and, therefore, one of the most important commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā.—(Cf. Indian Medicinal Plants, Arya Vaidya Sala 4:333, 1993-96.); a synonym of medādvaya and mede; “This is one of the drugs of the aṣṭavarga (group of eight drugs) which have not been identified satisfactorily as yet …”.—(Cf. Glossary of Vegetable Drugs in Bṛhattrayī 319-320, Singh and Chunekar, 1999).
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaMeda (मेद).—A serpent of the clan of Airāvata. This serpent was burnt to death at the Sarpasatra of Janamejaya. (Śloka 11, Chapter 57, Ādi Parva).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstraMedas (मेदस्) or Medoroga refers to “obesity” according to the fifth volume of the Rasajalanidhi (chapter 17). Accordingly, “insufficiency of physical exertion, sleeping in day time, and taking of food increasing phlegm are causes which increase sweetness in the rasa or chyle (essence of the food consumed), making it generate more fat than is actually required for the proper maintenance of the body. Fat (medas), thus, accumulates in the system, and the fluid-carrying passages having been blocked by fat, the other dhatus stand a very little chance of being developed. A fatty man thus becomes in-active”.
Rasashastra (रसशास्त्र, rasaśāstra) is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramMeda (मेद) refers to “fat”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “May they, whom I have recollected and are satisfied, accept the vessel of the bali. [...] O god! the bali has been offered to (them to chastise) those who despise the heroes, Siddhas and yogis on the surface of the earth here in the gathering of the practice of the Rule. May they destroy the hearing, memory, mind, sight, fat [i.e., meda], flesh, bones and life of the wicked in the great gathering of the Rule!”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraMedas (मेदस्, “fat”) (Pali, Meda) refers to one of the thirty-substances of the human body according to the Visuddhimagga, as mentioned in an appendix of the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 32-34. The Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra mentions thirty-six substances [viz., medas]; the Sanskrit sources of both the Lesser and the Greater Vehicles, physical substances are 26 in number while the Pāli suttas list thirty-once substances.
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraMeda (मेद) is Pali for “fat” (Sanskrit Medas) refers to one of the thirty-substances of the human body according to the Visuddhimagga, as mentioned in an appendix of the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 32-34. The Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra mentions thirty-six substances [viz., meda]; the Sanskrit sources of both the Lesser and the Greater Vehicles, physical substances are 26 in number while the Pāli suttas list thirty-once substances.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiMedas (मेदस्) or “sweat” associated with Suvīrā and Heruka, according to the Cakrasaṃvara-maṇḍala or Saṃvaramaṇḍala of Abhayākaragupta’s Niṣpannayogāvalī, p. 45 and n. 145; (Cf. Cakrasaṃvaratantra, Gray, David B., 2007).—The Cakrasaṃvara mandala has a total of sixty-two deities. [...] Three concentric circles going outward, the body, speech and mind wheels (kāya-vāka-citta), in the order: mind (blue), speech (red), and body (white), with eight Ḍākinīs each in non-dual union with their Ḍākas, "male consorts".
Associated elements of Suvīrā and Heruka:
Circle: kāyacakra (body-wheel) (white);
Ḍākinī (female consort): Suvīrā;
Ḍāka (male consort): Heruka;
Bīja: naṃ;
Body-part: feet;
Pīṭha: Nagara;
Bodily constituent: medas (sweat);
Bodhipakṣa (wings of enlightenment): upekṣābodhyaṅga (awakening of equanimity).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsMeda in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Litsea monopetala (Roxb.) Pers. from the Lauraceae (Laurel) family having the following synonyms: Litsea polyantha, Tetranthera monopetala, Tetranthera alnoides. For the possible medicinal usage of meda, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Meda in the Telugu language, ibid. previous identification.
Meda in the Telugu language is the name of a plant identified with Litsea glutinosa from the Lauraceae (Laurel) family having the following synonyms: Litsea laurifolia, Sebifera glutinosa, Tetranthera laurifolia.
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Meda in India is the name of a plant defined with Avicennia officinalis in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Avicennia tomentosa Jacq. (among others).
2) Meda is also identified with Litsea glutinosa It has the synonym Sebifera glutinosa Lour. (etc.).
3) Meda is also identified with Litsea monopetala It has the synonym Tetranthera monopetala Roxburgh (etc.).
4) Meda is also identified with Polygonatum cirrhifolium It has the synonym Convallaria cirrhosa Griff. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Flora Cochinchinensis (1790)
· Arch. Pharm., Berl. (1913)
· Asiatic Researches (1820)
· The Gardeners Dictionary (1754)
· Journal de Botanique (Morot) (1892)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Meda, for example diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, chemical composition, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarymeda : (m.) the fat.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryMeda, (Vedic medas (nt.) fr. mid, see etym. under mada) fat S. I, 124; Sn. 196; J. III, 484 (ajakaraṃ medaṃ=ajakara-medaṃ C.); Kh III, (explained at Vism. 262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid or gelatine); Vism. 361; VbhA. 66, 225, 245, 249.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarymēḍa (मेड).—f (Usually mēḍha q. v.) mēḍakā m A stake, esp. as bifurcated.
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mēda (मेद).—m S Marrow (whether of the bones or flesh). 2 A root resembling ginger. It is one of the eight principal medicaments. See aṣṭadravyēṃ. 3 Corpulency or obesity.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishmēḍa (मेड).—f mēḍakā m A stake, esp. as bifurcated.
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mēda (मेद).—m Marrow. A kind of root. Obesity
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryMeda (मेद).—
1) Fat.
2) A particular mixed tribe; cf. Ms. 1.36; Mahābhārata (Bombay) 13.22.22 (com. medā gomahiṣyādīnāṃ mṛtānāṃ māṃsamaśnantaḥ).
3) Name of a serpent-demon.
4) Name of a plant (alaṃbuṣā).
-dā A root resembling ginger (one of the eight principal medicines).
Derivable forms: medaḥ (मेदः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Meda (मेद):—[from med] 1. meda m. fat (= medas), [Rāmāyaṇa; Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]
2) [v.s. ...] a species of plant (= alambuṣā), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) [v.s. ...] a [particular] mixed caste (the son of a Vaideha and a Kārāvara or a Niṣāda female [according to] to some ‘any person who lives by degrading occupations’), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] Name of a serpent-demon, [Mahābhārata]
5) Medā (मेदा):—[from meda > med] f. a root resembling ginger (said to be one of the 8 principal medicines), [Suśruta]
6) Meda (मेद):—[from med] 2. meda in [compound] for medas.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Meda (मेद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Mea.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryMedas (मेदस्):—(daḥ) 5. n. Marrow of the bones, or flesh; great corpulency.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Meda (मेद):—(ña, ṛ) medati, te 1. c. To understand; to kill or injure.
2) (daḥ) 1. m. Adeps, fat; an outcast tribe. f. (dā) A drug like ginger.
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryMedas (मेदस्).—n. [meda-asun]
1) Fat, marrow (one of the seven dhātus of the body and supposed to lie in the abdomen); Manusmṛti 3.182; मेदसा तर्पयेद् देवानथर्वाङ्गिरसः पठन् (medasā tarpayed devānatharvāṅgirasaḥ paṭhan) Y.1.44; पिपीलिकाभिराचीर्णमेदस्त्वङ्मांसशोणितम् (pipīlikābhirācīrṇamedastvaṅmāṃsaśoṇitam) Bhāgavata 7.3.15.
2) Corpulence, fat of the body; मेदच्छेदकृशोदरं लघु भवत्यु- त्थानयोग्यं वपुः (medacchedakṛśodaraṃ laghu bhavatyu- tthānayogyaṃ vapuḥ) Ś.2.5.
3) Excessive fatness, morbid corpulence.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1) Medaś (मेदश्):—[from med] in [compound] for medas.
2) Medas (मेदस्):—[from med] n. fat, marrow, lymph (as one of the 7 Dhātus, q.v.; its proper seat is said to be the abdomen), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] excessive fatness, corpulence, [Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā]
4) [v.s. ...] a mystical term for the letter v, [Upaniṣad]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryMedas (मेदस्).—[neuter] ([masculine]) fat, corpulence.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryMeda (मेद).—[masculine] = medas; a cert. mixed caste.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryMedas (मेदस्).—n. 1. Marrow, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 123. 2. The serous secretion that spreads amongst the muscular fibres. 3. Morbid corpufency, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 38.
— Cf. perhaps [Latin] medūlla.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryMeda (मेद).—m. 1. Adeps, fat. 2. The son of a Vaideha by a Kārāvara female, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 10, 36.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryMedas (मेदस्).—n.
(-daḥ) 1. Marrow; applicable not merely to the marrow of the bones, but more properly, to the serous or adipose secretion that spreads amongst the muscular fibres, and which is considered as performing the same functions to the flesh that the marrow of the bones performs to them: in Hindu physiology its proper seat is said to be the abdomen. 2. Morbid or unnatural corpulency. E. mid to be unctuous, asun aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryMeda (मेद).—m.
(-daḥ) 1. Adeps, fat, the supposed proper seat of which is the abdomen. 2. One of the outcast tribes. f.
(-dā) A drug, described as a sort of root resembling ginger, brought from the Morung district; it is one of the eight principal medicaments, and is said to be of cooling and emollient properties, and of particular use in fever and consumption. E. mida to be greasy or unctuous, aff. ghañ; also medas .
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Medas (मेदस्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Mea.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Meḍa (मेड):—(nf) a list; boundary-wall between two fields or beds; fieldridge; ~[baṃdī] listing; hedging.
2) Medā (मेदा):—(nm) the stomach.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusMeḍa (ಮೆಡ):—[noun] the part of the human body that connects the head to the rest of the body; the neck.
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Meda (ಮೆದ):—[noun] grain not separated from its awn.
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Mēḍa (ಮೇಡ):—[noun] (dial.) a wooden bar that prevents the door from being opened; a wooden latch.
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Mēḍa (ಮೇಡ):—[noun] the fret of a vīṇe, a stringed musical instrument.
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Mēda (ಮೇದ):—
1) [noun] the caste the occupation of the members of which is plaiting of baskets, mats, etc. using bamboo splits.
2) [noun] a man belonging to this caste.
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Mēda (ಮೇದ):—[noun] = ಮೇದಸ್ಸು - [medassu -] 1.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+6): Medahkrit, Medahpinda, Medakcheda, Medasaka, Medasara, Medasha, Medashira, Medashiras, Medasi, Medaspinda, Medassu, Medastas, Medastejas, Medasvant, Medasvat, Medasvin, Medodhara, Medodosha, Medodrava, Medoganda.
Ends with: Brihanmedas, Sumedas, Varshamedas, Yakrimedas.
Full-text (+182): Mea, Medoja, Medogranthi, Mahameda, Medahkrit, Manicchidra, Medini, Medasvin, Medastejas, Medahpinda, Ashtavarga, Medovaha, Medoganda, Medovriddhi, Medahsara, Asimeda, Medah, Medodhara, Medahpuccha, Medodbhava.
Relevant text
Search found 42 books and stories containing Medas, Meda, Medā, Mēda, Meḍa, Mēḍa, Medaś, Medash; (plurals include: Medases, Medas, Medās, Mēdas, Meḍas, Mēḍas, Medaśs, Medashes). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Appendix 3 - Thirty-two substances of the human body < [Chapter XXXII-XXXIV - The eight classes of supplementary dharmas]
II. ‘Inexhaustible’ root < [Part 4 - Planting inexhaustible roots of good]
Act 1.5: The Buddha lights up the trichiliocosm < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 3.21.5 < [Sukta 21]
Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study) (by G. D. Jayalakshmi)
Diseases related to Sapta-dhātus and their cure < [Chapter 4 - Āyurvedic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Basic Principles of Āyurveda < [Chapter 4 - Āyurvedic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Sannipātas (fevers due to Vāta, Pitta and Kapha) < [Chapter 4 - Āyurvedic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 10.48 < [Section IV - Occupations of the Mixed Castes]
Verse 4.79 < [Section IX - Personal Cleanliness]
Verse 10.36 < [Section II - Mixed Castes]
Atharvaveda and Charaka Samhita (by Laxmi Maji)
Ūrustambha (spasticity of thigh) according to Caraka < [Chapter 4 - Diseases and Remedial measures (described in Caraka-saṃhitā)]
Ulcers (vraṇa) according to Caraka < [Chapter 4 - Diseases and Remedial measures (described in Caraka-saṃhitā)]
Prameha (urinary tract disease) according to Caraka < [Chapter 4 - Diseases and Remedial measures (described in Caraka-saṃhitā)]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
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