Ishti, Iṣṭi: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Ishti means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Iṣṭi can be transliterated into English as Isti or Ishti, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—A word generally used in the statements made in the Mahā bhāṣya, similar to those of the Sūtrakāra and the Vārttikakāras, which are 'desired ones' with a view to arrive at the correct forms of words; cf. प्राप्तिज्ञो देवानां-प्रियो न त्विाष्टिज्ञः, इष्यत एतद् रूपमिति (prāptijño devānāṃ-priyo na tviाṣṭijñaḥ, iṣyata etad rūpamiti) M. Bh. on II. 4.56.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Iṣṭi (इष्टि) is defined as a synonym for Yajña (sacrifice) according to the commentary of the Āpastamba-yajña-paribhāṣā-sūtras 1.—“yajña [viz., iṣṭi], sacrifice, is an act by which we surrender something for the sake of the gods. Such an act must rest on a sacred authority (āgama), and serve for man’s salvation (śreyortha). The nature of the gift is of less importance. It may be puroḍāśa, cake; karu, pulse; sāṃnāyya, mixed milk; paśu, an animal; soma, the juice of the Soma-plant, &c.; nay, the smallest offerings of butter, flour, and milk may serve for the purpose of a sacrifice”.
At the Iṣṭi and Paśubandha sacrifices there are seventeen Sāmidhenīs, when they are so handed down. Commentary: When it is said that wishful iṣṭis are performed in a murmur, this means that the names of the chief deities are pronounced in a murmur (likewise the yājyā and anuvākyā).
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Iṣṭi (इष्टि) or Yajña refers to “sacrificial rites”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 15) (“On the nakṣatras—‘asterisms’”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Those who are born on the lunar day of Puṣya will be dealers in barley, wheat, rice, sugar-canes and in the produce of the forest; will be either ministers or rulers; will live by water; will be Sādhus and will delight in sacrificial rites (yajña-iṣṭi-sakta). Those who are born on the lunar day of Āśleṣā, will be dealers in perfumes, roots, fruits, reptiles, serpents and poison; will delight in cheating others of their property; will be dealers in pod grains and will be skilled in medicine of every sort. [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Iṣṭi (इष्टि) is the offering of milk, butter, grain, etc., as distinguished from animal and soma sacrifices
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Iṣṭi.—used in the sense of viṣṭi; cf. sarv-eṣṭi-parihāra-parihṛta. Note: iṣṭi is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
iṣṭi (इष्टि).—f S A sacrifice, any sacrificial rite.
iṣṭī (इष्टी).—f A sacrifice, any sacrificial rite.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—f. [iṣ-ktin]
1) Wish, request, desire.
2) Seeking, striving to get.
3) Any desired object.
4) A desired rule or desideratum; (a term used with reference to Patañjali's additions to Kātyāyana's Vārttikas; iṣṭayo bhāṣyakārasya, iti bhāṣyakāreṣṭayā &c.; cf. upasaṃkhyāna).
5) Impulse, hurry.
6) Invitation, order.
7) (yaj-ktin) A sacrifice. Manusmṛti 11.2.2. शबर (śabara) seems to interpret the word especially in the sense of 'a दर्शपूर्णमास (darśapūrṇamāsa) sacrifice'. इष्टिराजसूयचातुर्मास्येषु (iṣṭirājasūyacāturmāsyeṣu) | &c. MS.II.2.12.
8) An oblation consisting of butter, food &c.
9) Summary in verses (= saṃgrahaśloka). एभिर्यज्ञेभिस्तदभीष्टिमश्याम् (ebhiryajñebhistadabhīṣṭimaśyām) Ṛgveda 1.166.14.
Derivable forms: iṣṭiḥ (इष्टिः).
Iṣṭī (इष्टी).—(Pali itthi, itthī), = iṣṭikā, istrī, qq.v., woman: Lalitavistara 74.15 (verse) ye ca iṣṭidārakā suduḥkhitā (Lefm. wrongly °dārakāsu duḥ°), and what women and boys…; Lalitavistara 235.15 (verse), perhaps read ima iṣṭi°, compare ms. A imeṣṭikā- maratiṃ (= imām plus iṣṭi°), for Lefm. ima istri°; Mahāvastu ii.299.14 (verse) iṣṭibhāvaṃ, state of (existence as) a woman; other instances as v.l. for forms of istrī, q.v.
Iṣṭī can also be spelled as Iṣṭi (इष्टि).
Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—f.
(-ṣṭiḥ) 1. Wish, desire. 2. A sacrifice, any sacrificial rite. 3. A compendious verse easily committed to memory. E. iṣ to wish, or iṣ substituted for yaj, to sacrifice; affix ktin.
Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—f. I. 2. iṣ + ti, Wish. Ii. yaj + ti, 1. Sacrificing,
Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—1. [feminine] impulse, furtherance, aid ([abstract] & concr.).
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—2. [feminine] seeking, request, wish, desire.
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि).—3. [feminine] sacrifice (mostly of a simpler kind).
1) Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—[from iṣ] 1. iṣṭi f. impulse, acceleration, hurry
2) [v.s. ...] invitation
3) [v.s. ...] order
4) [v.s. ...] despatch, [Ṛg-veda]
5) [from iṣ] 2. iṣṭi f. seeking, going after, [Ṛg-veda]
6) [v.s. ...] endeavouring to obtain
7) [v.s. ...] wish, request, desire, [Ṛg-veda; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā etc.]
8) [v.s. ...] any desired object
9) [v.s. ...] a desired rule, a desideratum, a Name applied to the statement of grammarians who are considered as authoritative.
10) [from iṣṭa] 3. iṣṭi f. sacrificing, sacrifice
11) [v.s. ...] an oblation consisting of butter, fruits, etc., opposed to the sacrifice of an animal or Soma, [Ṛg-veda i, 166, 14; x, 169, 2; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Yājñavalkya; Manu-smṛti; Śakuntalā; Raghuvaṃśa etc.]
Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—(ṣṭiḥ) 2. f. Wish; sacrifice.
Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—1.
2) [Z. 5] lies re.ha st. ra.ha .
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—2. , yajñeṣṭisaktāḥ [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 15, 6.] kalpa [Weber’s Indische Studien 5, 14. fg.]
Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—1. f. —
1) Beschleunigung , Antrieb , Anregung —
2) Aufforderung , Geheiss. —
3) Stärkung , Förderung. —
4) Förderer , Helfer.
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—2. f. —
1) das Suchen. Aufsuchen , Nachgehen. Häufig nach Art eines Infin. construirt. —
2) Wunsch , Bitte , Verlangen. —
3) Ausspruch einer Autorität.
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Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—3. f. Opfer , insbes. die Darbringung eines einfachen , auf Butter , Früchten und dgl. bestehenden Opfers im Unterschied von feierlichen Thieroder Soma-Opfer.
Iṣṭi (इष्टि) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Iṭṭhi.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Iṣṭi (ಇಷ್ಟಿ):—
1) [noun] a sacrifice a) the act of offering the life of a person or animal or some object, in propitiation of or homage to a deity; b) something so offered.
2) [noun] reverence or devotion for a deity; religious homage or veneration; worship.
3) [noun] a wish; a desire.
4) [noun] a desired object.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Iṣṭi (इष्टि):—n. 1. desire; 2. an object of desire;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+8): Ishtihautra, Ishtika, Ishtikacurnasamkasha, Ishtikala, Ishtikalanirnaya, Ishtikapatha, Ishtikapathika, Ishtikapura, Ishtikarika, Ishtike, Ishtikrita, Ishtimadhye grahananirnaya, Ishtimaya, Ishtimush, Ishtin, Ishtinirnaya, Ishtipaca, Ishtipaddhati, Ishtipashu, Ishtiprayoga.
Full-text (+137): Antyeshti, Putreshti, Jateshti, Agrayaneshti, Ishtipaca, Riksheshti, Divishti, Durishti, Bhandadishti, Sasyeshti, Gavishti, Pareshti, Ishtyayana, Svishti, Ishtikrita, Tadishti, Ishtishraddha, Krandadishti, Sadhadishti, Ishtimush.
Relevant text
Search found 80 books and stories containing Ishti, Ishtis, Iṣṭi, Isti, Iṣṭī; (plurals include: Ishtis, Ishtises, Iṣṭis, Istis, Iṣṭīs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Yajnavalkya-smriti with Mitakshara and Viramitrodaya (by J. R. Gharpure)
Verses 1.125-126 < [Chapter 5 - Duties of a Householder (Gṛhin)]
Verse 1.13 < [Chapter 2 - The Celibacy]
Verse 3.253 < [Chapter 5 - On Penances (Prāyaścitta)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Activities of The All India Kashiraj Trust (January – June, 1969) < [Purana, Volume 11, Part 2 (1969)]
Activities of The All India Kashiraj Trust (July – December 1969) < [Purana, Volume 12, Part 1 (1970)]
Activities of The All India Kashiraj Trust (January – June 1970) < [Purana, Volume 12, Part 2 (1970)]
The Agnistoma Somayaga in the Shukla Yajurveda (by Madan Haloi)
Part 2.1: Types of Sacrifices in General (Introduction) < [Chapter 2 - An Introduction to the Ritualistic Religion of the Vedas]
Part 2.4: The Iṣṭi Sacrifice < [Chapter 2 - An Introduction to the Ritualistic Religion of the Vedas]
Part 2.4: Rite of hospitality in honour of Soma (ātithyeṣṭi) < [Chapter 4 - The Agniṣṭoma Ritual]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 4.10 < [Section II - Means of Subsistence]
Verse 11.27 < [Section II - The Brāhmaṇa’s Responsibilities and Privileges regarding Sacrificial Performances]
Verse 4.210 < [Section XIV - Other Duties]
The Apri-hymns (study and reappraisal) (by Barnali Goswami)
Part 6 - The Yajña and its types < [Chapter 2 - The characteristic features of Vedic Yajña]
Part 2 - The Āprī-hymns associated with the Prayāja-ceremony < [Chapter 6 - The Āprī-litanies in the Prayāja and Anuyāja ceremonies]
Introduction to the status of Agni in Vedic religion < [Chapter 3 - The status of Agni in Vedic religion]