Arjava, Ārjava: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Arjava means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Ārjava (आर्जव).—Son of Subala and brother of Śakuni. He was killed by Irāvān son of Arjuna. (Bhīṣma Parva, Mahābhārata).
Ārjava (आर्जव).—A pupil of Bāṣkali.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 35. 6.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Ārjava (आर्जव) refers to one of the ten Yamas (disciplines) prescribed for forest dwelling, as mentioned in the Vaikhānasasmārtasūtra.—The Mānasollāsa verse 9.21-24ab lists thirty Yamas and Niyamas. The Vaikhānasasmārtasūtra (8.4), whose date has been estimated between the fourth and eighth centuries, is the earliest source for a list of twenty Yamas and Niyamas [e.g., ārjava]. These were prescribed to a sage at the forest dwelling (vanāśrama) stage of life.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Ārjava (आर्जव) refers to one of the ten Yama-practices, as discussed in chapter 1 (Yogapāda) of the Padmasaṃhitā: the most widely followed of Saṃhitā covering the entire range of concerns of Pāñcarātra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter—jñāna, yoga, kriyā and caryā) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.—Description of the chapter [āsanabheda-lakṣaṇa]:—Brahmā asks to know about Yogas. Bhagavān replies that there are two kinds of Yoga—karmayoga and jñānayoga. [...] A devotee may achieve liberation by either method [...] however, in the case of karmayoga it is to be noted that the eight steps are especially defined— Yama involves ten practices: [e.g., ārjava].
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Ārjava (आर्जव) refers to “sincerity” (which is to be practiced for one desiring Mukti—liberation), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “If you are seeking liberation, my son, shun the objects of the senses like poison. Practise tolerance, sincerity (ārjava), compassion, contentment and truthfulness like nectar [kṣamārjavadayātoṣasatyaṃ pīyūṣavadbhaja]. You are neither earth, water, fire, air or even ether. For liberation know yourself as consisting of consciousness, the witness of these. If only you will remain resting in consciousness, seeing yourself as distinct from the body, then even now you will become happy, peaceful and free from bonds. [...]”.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Ārjava (आर्जव, “sincerity”) refers to one of the ten-fold dharma (i.e., Yatidharma) capable of leading across saṃsāra, according to chapter 3.3 [sumatinātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly, as Sumatinātha said:—“The sources of pride—youth, power, beauty, etc.—have become subdued from penance, like evil spirits of a sorceror reduced to servitude from the power to summon them. Yatidharma, handed down orally by the Blessed Ones, is the best boat without impediments for crossing the ocean of saṃsāra. [...] Sincerity (ārjava) is straightness in speech, mind and body from overcoming deceit. [...] So the ten-fold dharma, like a spotless wishing-jewel, capable of leading across saṃsāra, is attained in the world by merit”.
Ārjava (आर्जव) refers to “straightforwardness” (towards deception), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Tolerance of anger and humility towards pride, moreover straightforwardness (ārjava) towards deception [and] abandonment of attachment, these are the enemies of desire respectively. Yogis continually drive away desire and dislike through equanimity or through the state of non-attachment , and they drive away wrong faith through the application of right faith”.
Synonyms: Māyābhāva.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
ārjava (आर्जव).—n S Straightness, directness, rectitude, lit. fig.
--- OR ---
ārjava (आर्जव).—n (ārjava S but the ja is dz.) Flattery, adulation, obsequiousness; servile cringing, fawning, praising, beseeching.
ārjava (आर्जव).—n Flattery; fawning. Straight- ness.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Ārjava (आर्जव).—[ṛjorbhāvaḥ aṇ]
1) Straightness; दूरं यात्युदरं च रोमलतिका नेत्रार्जवं धावति (dūraṃ yātyudaraṃ ca romalatikā netrārjavaṃ dhāvati) S. D.
2) Straightforwardness, rectitude of conduct, uprightness, honesty, sincerity, open-heartedness; आर्जवं कुटिलेषु न नीतिः (ārjavaṃ kuṭileṣu na nītiḥ); अहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवं (ahiṃsā kṣāntirārjavaṃ) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 13.7;16.1;17.4;18.42. क्षेत्रमार्जवस्य (kṣetramārjavasya) K.45; Bhartṛhari 2.22.
3) Simplicity, humility; कृतानुकारानिव गोभिरार्जवे (kṛtānukārāniva gobhirārjave) Kirātārjunīya 4.13; Mv.5.46.
4) Front (Loc. ārjave straight in the front); देवदत्तस्यार्जवे (devadattasyārjave) ŚB. on MS.1.1.15.
Derivable forms: ārjavam (आर्जवम्).
Ārjava (आर्जव).—name of a cakravartin: Mahāvastu i.154.1.
Ārjava (आर्जव).—n.
(-vaṃ) 1. Straightness. 2. Rectitude, propriety of act or observance. 3. Sincerity. E. ṛju straight, aṇa aff.
Ārjava (आर्जव).—i. e. ṛju + a, n. Candour, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 222; [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 19.
Ārjava (आर्जव).—[adjective] straight, honest; [neuter] straightness, rectitude.
1) Ārjava (आर्जव):—mfn. ([from] ṛju [gana] pṛthvādi, [Pāṇini 5-1, 122]), straight
2) honest, sincere, [Kathāsaritsāgara]
3) m. Name of a teacher, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
4) n. straightness, straight direction, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
5) rectitude, propriety of act or observance
6) honesty, frankness, sincerity, [Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Āpastamba-dharma-sūtra; Gautama-dharma-śāstra; Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Manu-smṛti etc.]
Ārjava (आर्जव):—(vaṃ) 1. n. Straightness, rectitude natural or moral.
[Sanskrit to German]
Ārjava (आर्जव) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ajjava, Ajjavayā, Ajjaviya.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Ārjava (ಆರ್ಜವ):—
1) [noun] the state or quality of being honest; honesty a) a refraining from lying, cheating or stealing; a being truthful, trustworthy or upright; b) sincerity; fairness; straightforwardness; c) chastity.
2) [noun] balance of mind; steadfastness.
3) [noun] an observing delightfully of one’s daily rituals.
4) [noun] the state or quality of being humble; absence of pride or self-assertion; humility; humbleness.
5) [noun] a man of rectitude, uprightness or humility.
6) [noun] a following humbly another for favour, protection, etc.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Ārjava (आर्जव):—n. honesty; sincerity; candor;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Arjavaka, Arjavasampadana, Arjavasapadana, Arjavashakti, Arjavavritti.
Full-text (+9): Anarjava, Arjavaka, Ajjava, Nirvyajarjava, Aryava, Arjav, Arjavin, Ajjaviya, Ajjavaya, Arccavam, Arjavi, Arjavinem, Rephashiras, Arjavasampadana, Mardava, Yama, Anjasa, Anarja, Svarga, Netti.
Relevant text
Search found 59 books and stories containing Arjava, Ārjava; (plurals include: Arjavas, Ārjavas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 9.6 - The ten virtues (dharma) < [Chapter 9 - Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 320 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 3]
Page 276 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 3]
Page 148 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 2]
Yoga Upanishads (study) (by Heena B. Kotak)
Part 7 - Summary of the Darshana-upanishad (Darsanopanisad) < [Chapter 2 - Brief survey of the 20 Yoga Upanishads]
Part 3.1 - Restraint (Yama) according to the Yoga-Upanishads < [Chapter 3 - Analytical and Critical study of 20 Yoga-Upanishads]
Hanuman Nataka (critical study) (by Nurima Yeasmin)
2. Religious Elements (a): Dharma < [Chapter 5]
Discovery of Sanskrit Treasures (seven volumes) (by Satya Vrat Shastri)
6.2. The concept of Dharma (righteousness) < [Volume 7 - Society and Culture]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.12.5 < [Chapter 12 - Pancajana’s Previous Birth]