Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes the psychical-sense (bhavendriya) which is verse 2.18 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 18 of the chapter Category of the Living and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 2.18 - The psychical-sense (bhāvendriya)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 2.18:
लब्ध्युपयोगौ भावेन्द्रियम् ॥ २.१८ ॥
labdhyupayogau bhāvendriyam || 2.18 ||
The psychical-sense (bhāvendriya) consists of attainment (labdhi) and cognition (upayoga). (18)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [लब्धि उपयोगौ] लब्धि और उपयोग को [भावेन्द्रियम्] भावेन्द्रिय कहते हैं।
Anvayartha: [labdhi upayogau] labdhi aura upayoga ko [bhavendriyam] bhavendriya kahate haim |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
The psychical-sense (bhāvendriya) is described now.
‘Labdhi’ means attainment. What is attainment? Attainment is the particular destruction-cum-subsidence (kṣayopaśama) of knowledge-obscuring (jñānāvaraṇīya) karmas. In presence of this attainment (labdhi) of various kinds of knowledge, the soul makes use of one particular kind of knowledge at any particular time; this attentive disposition of the soul is termed cognition (upayoga) or active-consciousness. Both, labdhi and upayoga, constitute the psychical-sense (bhāvendriya).
Cognition (upayoga) is the effect (kārya, phala) of the sense (indriya); how can it be called a sense? The characteristic of the cause (kāraṇa) is seen in the effect (kārya). For instance, knowledge transformed in the shape of the jar is called the jar; similarly, the effect of the indriya is called the indriya. The mark (liṅga) of ‘indra’ is ‘indriya’. The meaning of the word ‘indriya’ is taken primarily in terms of ‘upayoga’ as is evident from the words, ‘cognition (upayoga) is the mark (lakṣaṇa)–distinctive characteristic–of the soul (jīva)’. Hence, it is proper to call cognition (upayoga) a sense (indriya).