Verse 2.19 - The names of the five senses (indriya)

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 2.19:

स्पर्शनरसनघ्राणचक्षुःश्रोत्राणि ॥ २.१९ ॥

sparśanarasanaghrāṇacakṣuḥśrotrāṇi || 2.19 ||

Touch (sparśana), taste (rasanā), smell (ghrāṇa), sight (cakṣu) and hearing (śrotra) are the senses–indriya. (19)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: [स्पर्शन] स्पर्शन, [रसन] रसना, [घ्राण] नाक, [चक्षुः] चक्षु और [श्रोत्र] कान-यह पाँच इन्द्रियाँ हैं।

Anvayartha: [sparshana] sparshana, [rasana] rasana, [ghrana] naka, [cakshuh] cakshu aura [shrotra] kana-yaha pamca indriyam haim |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

The names of the senses (indriya) and their order are mentioned now.

The senses are spoken of as something subservient to or different from the soul–‘with these eyes I see clearly,’ and ‘with these ears I hear distinctly.’ Hence touch, etc., are the instruments as these are dependent on another, namely, the soul. On the destruction-cum-subsidence (kṣayopaśama) of energy-obstructing (vīryāntarāya) and sensory-knowledge-covering (matijñānāvaraṇīya) karmas and attainment of name-karma of limbs and minor limbs (aṅgopāṅga), that through which touch is experienced by the soul is the sense-organ of touch. Similarly, that through which taste is experienced is the sense-organ of taste. That through which smell is experienced is the sense-organ of smell. That through which objects are seen is the eye. That through which something is heard is the ear. There is another independent aspect also–‘my eyes see clearly,’ and ‘my ears hear well.’ Hence, touch, etc., are the aspects of the agent. That which touches is the sense-organ of touch. That which tastes is the sense-organ of taste. That which smells is the sense-organ of smell. That which sees is the eye. That which hears is the ear. The order in which the senses are mentioned is intended to recall the order of the increase of the senses.