Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

क्रमेणोदाहरणम्,

krameṇodāharaṇam,

Examples are shown in order. [This is an example of a thing which is not resplendent in the absence of another:]

na vinā prema-sampattyā vibhāti bhagavaj-janaḥ |
na ca sā prema-sampattir vinā niḥspṛhatām iha ||

na—not; vinā prema-sampattyā—without the affluence of love; vibhāti—shines; bhagavat—[connected with] the Lord; janaḥ—a person; na—not; ca—and; —that; prema—of love; sampattiḥ—affluence; vinā niḥspṛhatām—without desirelessness (without the absence of desire for material sense gratification); iha—here (in this world).

A devotee of the Lord is not resplendent without the affluence of divine love. And that affluence of love is not resplendent without desirelessness.

Commentary:

This is Mammaṭa’s example:

arucir niśayā vinā śaśī śaśinā sāpi vinā mahat-tamaḥ |
ubhayena vinā manobhava-sphuritaṃ naiva cakāsti kāminoḥ ||

“Without the night, the moon is not beautiful. Without the moon, the night is only dense darkness. And without both of them, the palpitation of two lovers’ passionate fervor does not shine” (Kāvya-prakāśa verse 496).

Here also Paṇḍita-rāja Jagannātha points out that the concept of loveliness is an integral part of an ornament and is understood in the definition.[1] He illustrates vinokti,

sampadā sampariṣvakto vidyayā cānavadyayā |
naro na śobhate loke hari-bhakti-rasaṃ vinā ||

“In the world, a person who has wealth and impeccable knowledge is not splendid without the relishment of devotional service to Hari” (Rasa-gaṅgādhara, KM p. 364).

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

vinārtha-sambandha eva vinoktiḥ || hṛdyatvaṃ cānuvartate (Rasa-gaṅgādhara, KM p. 364).

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