Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.54.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒त्वारि॑ ते असु॒र्या॑णि॒ नामादा॑भ्यानि महि॒षस्य॑ सन्ति । त्वम॒ङ्ग तानि॒ विश्वा॑नि वित्से॒ येभि॒: कर्मा॑णि मघवञ्च॒कर्थ॑ ॥
चत्वारि ते असुर्याणि नामादाभ्यानि महिषस्य सन्ति । त्वमङ्ग तानि विश्वानि वित्से येभिः कर्माणि मघवञ्चकर्थ ॥
catvāri te asuryāṇi nāmādābhyāni mahiṣasya santi | tvam aṅga tāni viśvāni vitse yebhiḥ karmāṇi maghavañ cakartha ||
English translation:
“Four are the asura-slaying uninjurable forms of you the mighty one: you know them all wherewith,Maghavat, you have achieved your exploits.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Four forms: cf. sūkta 55, ṛca 1;
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vṛhaduktho vāmadevyaḥ [vṛhaduktha vāmadevya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍārcītriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒त्वारि॑ । ते॒ । अ॒सु॒र्या॑णि । नाम॑ । अदा॑भ्यानि । म॒हि॒षस्य॑ । स॒न्ति॒ । त्वम् । अ॒ङ्ग । तानि॑ । विश्वा॑नि । वि॒त्से॒ । येभिः॑ । कर्मा॑णि । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । च॒कर्थ॑ ॥
चत्वारि । ते । असुर्याणि । नाम । अदाभ्यानि । महिषस्य । सन्ति । त्वम् । अङ्ग । तानि । विश्वानि । वित्से । येभिः । कर्माणि । मघवन् । चकर्थ ॥
catvāri | te | asuryāṇi | nāma | adābhyāni | mahiṣasya | santi | tvam | aṅga | tāni | v iśvāni | vitse | yebhiḥ | karmāṇi | magha-van | cakartha
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.54.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“four; catur [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“āsura.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“trustworthy; disabused(p).”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Old World buffalo; Mahiṣa; Mahiṣa.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“in truth; aṅga [word]; entirely; merely.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“action; saṃskāra; ritual; procedure; karman; treatment; object; function; production; job; operation; karman [word]; act; job; passive voice; activity; consequence; function; yajña; pañcakarman; cooking; occupation; profession; construction; duty; method; natural process; duty; therapy.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; maghavan [word].”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”