Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.12.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तेजि॑ष्ठा॒ यस्या॑र॒तिर्व॑ने॒राट् तो॒दो अध्व॒न्न वृ॑धसा॒नो अ॑द्यौत् । अ॒द्रो॒घो न द्र॑वि॒ता चे॑तति॒ त्मन्नम॑र्त्योऽव॒र्त्र ओष॑धीषु ॥
तेजिष्ठा यस्यारतिर्वनेराट् तोदो अध्वन्न वृधसानो अद्यौत् । अद्रोघो न द्रविता चेतति त्मन्नमर्त्योऽवर्त्र ओषधीषु ॥
tejiṣṭhā yasyāratir vanerāṭ todo adhvan na vṛdhasāno adyaut | adrogho na dravitā cetati tmann amartyo 'vartra oṣadhīṣu ||

English translation:

“He, whose pure and spreading flame blazes in the forest, shines with increasing intensity, like the sun on his (celestial) path; rushing like the innoxious (wind) among the plural nts, immortal, unimpeded, he lights up (all things) by his own (lustre).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Like the sun: todo adhvan: todo = the sun, sarvasya preraka, the urger, impeller, or animator of all. Like the innoxious winds: adroha na = as of one not liable to be oppressed or harmed, adrogdhavya; or, it may mean the vital air, the non-injurer, the sustainer of all, prānarūpeṇa sarveṣām adrogdha, i.e. the wind, vāyuḥ.

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तेजि॑ष्ठा । यस्य॑ । अ॒र॒तिः । व॒ने॒ऽराट् । तो॒दः । अध्व॑न् । न । वृ॒ध॒सा॒नः । अ॒द्यौ॒त् । अ॒द्रो॒घः । न । द्र॒वि॒ता । चे॒त॒ति॒ । त्मन् । अम॑र्त्यः । अ॒व॒र्त्रः । ओष॑धीषु ॥
तेजिष्ठा । यस्य । अरतिः । वनेराट् । तोदः । अध्वन् । न । वृधसानः । अद्यौत् । अद्रोघः । न । द्रविता । चेतति । त्मन् । अमर्त्यः । अवर्त्रः । ओषधीषु ॥
tejiṣṭhā | yasya | aratiḥ | vane--rāṭ | todaḥ | adhvan | na | vṛdhasānaḥ | adyaut | adroghaḥ | na | dravitā | cetati | tman | amartyaḥ | avartraḥ | oṣadhīṣu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.12.3 English analysis of grammar]

tejiṣṭhā < tejiṣṭha

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

yasyāratir < yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

yasyāratir < aratiḥ < arati

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“dissatisfaction; anaphrodisia; languor; coldness.”

vanerāṭ < vanerāj

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

todo < todaḥ < toda

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“toda; ache; prickling.”

adhvan

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“way; journey; adhvan [word]; time; path; method; road; time; distance.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vṛdhasāno < vṛdhasānaḥ < vṛdh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

adyaut < dyut

[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

“shine; inflame.”

adrogho < adroghaḥ < adrogha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sincere; truthful.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

dravitā < dravitṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

cetati < cit

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”

tmann < tman

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“self.”

amartyo < amartyaḥ < amartya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“immortal.”

'vartra < avartraḥ < avartra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

oṣadhīṣu < oṣadhī

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“herb; plant; drug; herb.”

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