Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.22.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्ने॒ यत्ते॑ दि॒वि वर्च॑: पृथि॒व्यां यदोष॑धीष्व॒प्स्वा य॑जत्र । येना॒न्तरि॑क्षमु॒र्वा॑त॒तन्थ॑ त्वे॒षः स भा॒नुर॑र्ण॒वो नृ॒चक्षा॑: ॥
अग्ने यत्ते दिवि वर्चः पृथिव्यां यदोषधीष्वप्स्वा यजत्र । येनान्तरिक्षमुर्वाततन्थ त्वेषः स भानुरर्णवो नृचक्षाः ॥
agne yat te divi varcaḥ pṛthivyāṃ yad oṣadhīṣv apsv ā yajatra | yenāntarikṣam urv ātatantha tveṣaḥ sa bhānur arṇavo nṛcakṣāḥ ||
English translation:
“Adorable Agni, your radiance that is in the heaven, on the earth, in the plural nts, in the waters and wherewith you overspread the firmament, that is shining and resplendent, overlooking man (vast as) the ocean.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
In the heaven: Agni, severally, as the sun, as sacrificial fire, as the fire that is illuminated by attrition from wood, as submarine fire and as wind; overlooking man (vast as) the ocean: tveṣa sa bhānur arṇavo nṛcakṣaḥ = dīptimān eva bhāsamano nṛṇām draṣṭā samudravan mahān, shining ocean (sa bhānurarṇavo nṛcakṣā iti mahāntsa (Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 7.1.23); another explanation: arṇavaḥ = arṇānsi, udakāni yatra santi, the plural ce where the waters are: after this verse the priest adds, idṛśo yaste bhānus, tam eveṣṭakārūpam upadadhāmi, such being your lustre, I plural ce it in the form of the iṣṭkā
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthī kauśikaḥ [gāthī kauśika];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): purīṣyā agnayaḥ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्ने॑ । यत् । ते॒ । दि॒वि । वर्चः॑ । पृ॒थि॒व्याम् । यत् । ओष॑धीषु । अ॒प्ऽसु । आ । य॒ज॒त्र॒ । येन॑ । अ॒न्तरि॑क्षम् । उ॒रु । आ॒ऽत॒तन्थ॑ । त्वे॒षः । सः । भा॒नुः । अ॒र्ण॒वः । नृ॒ऽचक्षाः॑ ॥
अग्ने । यत् । ते । दिवि । वर्चः । पृथिव्याम् । यत् । ओषधीषु । अप्सु । आ । यजत्र । येन । अन्तरिक्षम् । उरु । आततन्थ । त्वेषः । सः । भानुः । अर्णवः । नृचक्षाः ॥
agne | yat | te | divi | varcaḥ | pṛthivyām | yat | oṣadhīṣu | ap-su | ā | yajatra | yena | antarikṣam | uru | ātatantha | tveṣaḥ | saḥ | bhānuḥ | arṇavaḥ | nṛ-cakṣāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.22.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“shininess; vigor; fecal matter; glare; magnificence; energy; prestige; energy; glory; luster; light; varcas [word]; glory; body waste; droppings; color.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“herb; plant; drug; herb.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“adorable.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“expand; prolong; chant; inflate.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“awful; brilliant; aglitter(p); bright.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wavy; flowing.”
[noun], masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“eye; look; radiance.”