Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.121.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒स्य मदे॑ स्व॒र्यं॑ दा ऋ॒तायापी॑वृतमु॒स्रिया॑णा॒मनी॑कम् । यद्ध॑ प्र॒सर्गे॑ त्रिक॒कुम्नि॒वर्त॒दप॒ द्रुहो॒ मानु॑षस्य॒ दुरो॑ वः ॥
अस्य मदे स्वर्यं दा ऋतायापीवृतमुस्रियाणामनीकम् । यद्ध प्रसर्गे त्रिककुम्निवर्तदप द्रुहो मानुषस्य दुरो वः ॥
asya made svaryaṃ dā ṛtāyāpīvṛtam usriyāṇām anīkam | yad dha prasarge trikakum nivartad apa druho mānuṣasya duro vaḥ ||
English translation:
“In the exhilaration of the Soma, you have restored the celebrated herd of cattle, hidden (in the cave), for the sake of sacrifice, (to the Aṅgirasas); when, Indra, the threefold crest engages in combat, he opens the doors of the tyrannical descendants of Manu”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Threefold crest: elevated as a triple crest in the three worlds
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): auśijo dairghatamasaḥ kakṣīvān [auśija dairghatamasa kakṣīvān];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā indraśca;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒स्य । मदे॑ । स्व॒र्य॑म् । दाः॒ । ऋ॒ताय॑ । अपि॑ऽवृतम् । उ॒स्रिया॑णाम् । अनी॑कम् । यत् । ह॒ । प्र॒ऽसर्गे॑ । त्रि॒ऽक॒कुप् । नि॒ऽवर्त॑त् । अप॑ । द्रुहः॑ । मानु॑षस्य । दुरः॑ । व॒रिति॑ ॥
अस्य । मदे । स्वर्यम् । दाः । ऋताय । अपिवृतम् । उस्रियाणाम् । अनीकम् । यत् । ह । प्रसर्गे । त्रिककुप् । निवर्तत् । अप । द्रुहः । मानुषस्य । दुरः । वरिति ॥
asya | made | svaryam | dāḥ | ṛtāya | api-vṛtam | usriyāṇām | anīkam | yat | ha | pra-sarge | tri-kakup | ni-vartat | apa | druhaḥ | mānuṣasya | duraḥ | varit i
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.121.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“good for the voice.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“cow; dairy product.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“army; face; battalion; battlefront; point; appearance.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“return; end; abstain; turn away; discontinue; flee; disappear; elapse; cool; break; grind.”
[adverb]
“away.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“punic; hostile.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“man; man.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“door; means.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”