Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.121.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुभ्यं॒ पयो॒ यत्पि॒तरा॒वनी॑तां॒ राध॑: सु॒रेत॑स्तु॒रणे॑ भुर॒ण्यू । शुचि॒ यत्ते॒ रेक्ण॒ आय॑जन्त सब॒र्दुघा॑या॒: पय॑ उ॒स्रिया॑याः ॥
तुभ्यं पयो यत्पितरावनीतां राधः सुरेतस्तुरणे भुरण्यू । शुचि यत्ते रेक्ण आयजन्त सबर्दुघायाः पय उस्रियायाः ॥
tubhyam payo yat pitarāv anītāṃ rādhaḥ suretas turaṇe bhuraṇyū | śuci yat te rekṇa āyajanta sabardughāyāḥ paya usriyāyāḥ ||

English translation:

“When your parents, (heaven and earth), theprotectors (of the world), brought the nutritious and invigorating oblation to you, who are quick in act, and when they offered you the pure and precious milk of the cow.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The cow: i.e. the clarified butter of the oblations, from which the nutriment of all things proceeds, for the oblation ascends to the sun, by whom rain is engendered, from which springs corn, the support of living beings; when this has beendone, Indra opens the doors of the cave, and rescues the cattle, as described in the preceding verse, with which this is connected

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): auśijo dairghatamasaḥ kakṣīvān [auśija dairghatamasa kakṣīvān];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā indraśca;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुभ्य॑म् । पयः॑ । यत् । पि॒तरौ॑ । अनी॑ताम् । राधः॑ । सु॒ऽरेतः॑ । तु॒रणे॑ । भु॒र॒ण्यू इति॑ । शुचि॑ । यत् । ते॒ । रेक्णः॑ । अय॑जन्त । स॒बः॒ऽदुघा॑याः । पयः॑ । उ॒स्रिया॑याः ॥
तुभ्यम् । पयः । यत् । पितरौ । अनीताम् । राधः । सुरेतः । तुरणे । भुरण्यू इति । शुचि । यत् । ते । रेक्णः । अयजन्त । सबःदुघायाः । पयः । उस्रियायाः ॥
tubhyam | payaḥ | yat | pitarau | anītām | rādhaḥ | su-retaḥ | turaṇe | bhuraṇyū iti | śuci | yat | te | rekṇaḥ | ayajanta | sabaḥ-dughāyāḥ | payaḥ | usriyāyāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.121.5 English analysis of grammar]

tubhyam < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

payo < payaḥ < payas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

yat < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

pitarāv < pitarau < pitṛ

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

anītāṃ < anītām <

[verb], dual, Root aorist (Ind.)

“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”

rādhaḥ < rādhas

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

suretas < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suretas < retaḥ < retas

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“semen; sperm.”

turaṇe < turaṇa

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

bhuraṇyū < bhuraṇyu

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

śuci

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

yat < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

rekṇa < rekṇaḥ < rekṇas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“property; wealth; bequest; inheritance.”

āyajanta < āyaj < √yaj

[verb], plural, Imperfect

sabardughāyāḥ < sabardugha

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

paya < payaḥ < payas

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

usriyāyāḥ < usriyā

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“cow; dairy product.”

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