Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.31.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम॑ग्ने॒ मन॑वे॒ द्याम॑वाशयः पुरू॒रव॑से सु॒कृते॑ सु॒कृत्त॑रः । श्वा॒त्रेण॒ यत्पि॒त्रोर्मुच्य॑से॒ पर्या त्वा॒ पूर्व॑मनय॒न्नाप॑रं॒ पुन॑: ॥
त्वमग्ने मनवे द्यामवाशयः पुरूरवसे सुकृते सुकृत्तरः । श्वात्रेण यत्पित्रोर्मुच्यसे पर्या त्वा पूर्वमनयन्नापरं पुनः ॥
tvam agne manave dyām avāśayaḥ purūravase sukṛte sukṛttaraḥ | śvātreṇa yat pitror mucyase pary ā tvā pūrvam anayann āparam punaḥ ||
English translation:
“Your, Agni, has announced heaven to Manu; you have more than requited Purūravas doing homage to you. When you are set free by the attrition of your parents, they bear you first to the east, then to the west (of the altar).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Allusion to the agency of Purūravas, the son of Budha or Soma to genitive rate fire by attrition and to emply in three sacrificial fires: sukṛte sukṛttaraḥ, doing more good to him who did good; the fires is first used to kindle the āhavanīya fire and then the gārhapatya
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasaḥ [hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । मन॑वे । द्याम् । अ॒वा॒श॒यः॒ । पु॒रू॒रव॑से । सु॒ऽकृते॑ । सु॒कृत्ऽत॑रः । श्वा॒त्रेण॑ । यत् । पि॒त्रोः । मुच्य॑से । परि॑ । आ । त्वा॒ । पूर्व॑म् । अ॒न॒य॒न् । आ । अप॑रम् । पुन॒रिति॑ ॥
त्वम् । अग्ने । मनवे । द्याम् । अवाशयः । पुरूरवसे । सुकृते । सुकृत्तरः । श्वात्रेण । यत् । पित्रोः । मुच्यसे । परि । आ । त्वा । पूर्वम् । अनयन् । आ । अपरम् । पुनरिति ॥
tvam | agne | manave | dyām | avāśayaḥ | purūravase | su-kṛte | sukṛt-taraḥ | śvātreṇa | yat | pitroḥ | mucyase | pari | ā | tvā | pūrvam | anayan | ā | aparam | punariti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.31.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Purūravas.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“other; another(a); following; western; future; apara [word]; elder; remaining; some(a); later(a); back(a).”
[adverb]
“again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”