Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.31.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्य॑: । य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि ॥
त्वमग्ने वृषभः पुष्टिवर्धन उद्यतस्रुचे भवसि श्रवाय्यः । य आहुतिं परि वेदा वषट्कृतिमेकायुरग्रे विश आविवाससि ॥
tvam agne vṛṣabhaḥ puṣṭivardhana udyatasruce bhavasi śravāyyaḥ | ya āhutim pari vedā vaṣaṭkṛtim ekāyur agre viśa āvivāsasi ||
English translation:
“Your, Agni, are the showerer (of desires), the augmenter of the prosperity (of your worshipper); you are to be called upon as the ladle is lifted up; upon him who fully understands the invocation and makes the oblation, you, the provider of sustenance, first bestow light, and then upon all men.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Who fully understands the invocation: he who knows the āhuti, with the vaṣat kṛti or uttering the word vaṣat at the moment of pouring the butter on the fire
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasaḥ [hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । वृ॒ष॒भः । पु॑ष्टि॒ऽवर्ध॑नः । उद्य॑तऽस्रुचे । भ॒व॒सि॒ । श्र॒वाय्यः॑ । यः । आऽहु॑तिम् । परि॑ । वेद॑ । वष॑ट्ऽकृतिम् । एक॑ऽआयुः । अग्ने॑ । विशः॑ । आ॒ऽविवा॑ससि ॥
त्वम् । अग्ने । वृषभः । पुष्टिवर्धनः । उद्यतस्रुचे । भवसि । श्रवाय्यः । यः । आहुतिम् । परि । वेद । वषट्कृतिम् । एकआयुः । अग्ने । विशः । आविवाससि ॥
tvam | agne | vṛṣabhaḥ | puṣṭi-vardhanaḥ | udyata-sruce | bhavasi | śravāyyaḥ | yaḥ | āhutim | pari | veda | vaṣaṭ-kṛtim | eka-āyuḥ | agne | viśaḥ | āvivāsasi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.31.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[noun], feminine
“prosperity; growth; increase; puṣṭi; luxury; wealth; comfort; increase; corpulence.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“increasing; fortifying; promotive; prolonging.”
[verb noun]
“raise; prepare; begin; endeavor; specialize.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Sruc.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“celebrated.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“āhuti; offering.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“vaṣaṭkāra.”
[noun]
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative