Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

प्रतिवाचम् अदत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदि-भूभुजे ।
अनुहुङ्कुरुते घन-ध्वनिं न हि गोमायु-रुतानि केसरी ॥ ८७ ॥

prativācam adatta keśavaḥ śapamānāya na cedi-bhūbhuje |
anuhuṅkurute ghana-dhvaniṃ na hi gomāyu-rutāni kesarī || 87 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.87 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.87). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Prativac, Adatta, Keshava, Shapamana, Bhubhuj, Anu, Hum, Kuruta, Ghana, Dhvani, Gomayu, Ruta, Kesarin, Kesari,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.87). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “prativācam adatta keśavaḥ śapamānāya na cedi-bhūbhuje
  • prativācam -
  • prativāc (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • adatta -
  • adatta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    adatta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (verb class 3)
    [imperfect active second plural], [imperfect middle third single]
  • keśavaḥ -
  • keśava (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • śapamānāya -
  • śap -> śapamāna (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √śap class 1 verb]
    śap -> śapamāna (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √śap class 1 verb]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • cedi -
  • cedi (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • bhūbhuje -
  • bhūbhuj (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
  • Line 2: “anuhuṅkurute ghana-dhvaniṃ na hi gomāyu-rutāni kesarī
  • anu -
  • anu (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    anu (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    anu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    anu (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    anu (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • huṅ -
  • hum (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • kurute -
  • kurutā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    kuruta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kuruta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kṛ (verb class 8)
    [present middle third single]
  • ghana -
  • ghana (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ghana (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dhvanim -
  • dhvani (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • hi -
  • hi (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
  • gomāyu -
  • gomāyu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    gomāyu (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    gomāyu (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • rutāni -
  • ruta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    ru -> ruta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative plural from √ru class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √ru class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √ru class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √ru class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √ru class 2 verb], [accusative plural from √ru class 2 verb]
  • kesarī -
  • kesarī (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    kesarī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    kesarin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.87

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.87 in Gujarati sript:
પ્રતિવાચમ્ અદત્ત કેશવઃ શપમાનાય ન ચેદિ-ભૂભુજે ।
અનુહુઙ્કુરુતે ઘન-ધ્વનિં ન હિ ગોમાયુ-રુતાનિ કેસરી ॥ ૮૭ ॥

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