Hum, Huṃ: 18 definitions

Introduction:

Hum means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Google Books: Exploring Mantric Ayurveda

Huṃ (short ‘u’ as in put), is the mantra of Fire and Energy that relates to the fiery forms of the Goddess, as Chinnamasta, Chamunda and Bhairavi, as also the god Shiva in his fiery forms.

The mantra Huṃ also relates to Agni specifically and can be used for all Agnis, or fires, in the body if they are low or irregular.

Huṃ awakens the digestive Fire as in Ha-kara (the syllable ‘Ha’), the abdomen is slightly contracted upwards to make the sound, from which the root “hu” from Huta and Hotar derive comes from—the Vedic terms for invocation fo the Divine Fire.

Ayurveda book cover
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Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Hūṃ (हूं) refers to a “seed of knowledge”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, “[...] [He should visualize] a seed of knowledge [representing] the self-existent one (viz., hūm) at the center of a lotus on a sun [disk] in [his] heart. Then he should emit rays of various colors, [which] fill the sky. Having attracted an assembly of deities formed by Jñānaḍākinī, he should make the Lord of the world seated at the center of a hollow space in the sky. [...]”.

Note: According to the Bohitā (D 1419, 134 v 7), a seed of knowledge is the letter hūṃ, which is a summary (bsdus pa) of the four letters śrī, he, ru, and ka.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Hum [हूम] in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Miliusa tomentosa (Roxb.) J.Sinclair from the Annonaceae (Sugar-apple) family having the following synonyms: Uvaria tomentosa, Saccopetalum tomentosum. For the possible medicinal usage of hum, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Hum [हुम] in the Konkani language, ibid. previous identification.

Biology book cover
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This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

huṃ (हुं).—Interjections or grunts indicating assent or consent. (to speak, do, stir). huṃ mhaṇaṇēṃ or karaṇēṃ To grunt indication of being about

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hūṃ (हूं).—ind An interjection of inciting, urging, or setting on; at it! to it! 2 An ejaculation (like cūṃ, kūṃ, īsa, usa &c.) of a person wincing under a sudden twinge. See hāya. v mhaṇa, kara.

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hūṃ (हूं).—ad (Imit. Or H) A particle expressing consent, assent, admission, acknowledgment &c., yes, ah, well, to be sure.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

huṃ (हुं).—Interj indicating consent.

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hūṃ (हूं).—An interj. of inciting, urging. ad A particle expressing consent, &c.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Hum (हुम्).—ind. A particle (originally an imitative sound) expressing

1) Remembrance or recollection; हुं ज्ञातम् (huṃ jñātam) or रामो नाम बभूव हुं तदबला सीतेति हुम् (rāmo nāma babhūva huṃ tadabalā sīteti hum).

2) Doubt; चैत्रो हुं मैत्रो हुम् (caitro huṃ maitro hum).

3) Assent; Uttararāmacarita 5.35.

4) Anger.

5) Aversion.

6) Reproach.

7) Interrogation. (In spells and incantations hum is often found used with dat.; e. g. oṃ kavacāya hum) (huṃkṛ means 'to utter the sound hum', 'to roar, grunt, bellow', as in anuhuṃkṛ 'to roar in return'; anuhuṃ- kurute ghanadhvaniṃ na hi gomātyurutāni kesarī Śiśupālavadha 16.25.).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Hum (हुम्).—Ind. 1. An interjection of remembering, (ha, ah!) 2. Of repulse or reproach, (away!) 3. Interrogation, (hey?) 4. Assent, (yes.) 5. Doubt. 6. A mystical syllable of frequent occurrence in incantations. E. hu to sacrifice, ḍumi or ḍum aff.: see hūm .

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Hūm (हूम्).—Ind. 1. A particle of doubt or consideration (humph, ha.) 2. An interrogatory particle, (hey, indeed.) 3. A particle of assent, (yes, well, so be it, amen.) 4. An interjection of anger. 5. Of fear. 6. Of reproach, or contempt, (equivalent to be silent, tush, pish.) 7. Of aversion, repulse, or dislike, &c. 8. A magical or mystical monosyllable. 9. An imitative sound. E. hveñ to call, aff. ḍūmi or ḍūmḥ see hum.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Hum (हुम्).—an interj. 1. Of remembering, Ah! [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 136, 14. 2. Of repulse, Away! 3. Of interrogation, Hey? 4. Of assent, Yes. 5. Of doubt. 6. A mystical syllable used in incantations (cf. huṃkāra, huṃkṛta).

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Hūm (हूम्).—an interj. (cf. hum), 1. Of doubt, Humph! ha! 2. Of interrogation, Hey? 3. Of assent, Yes. 4. Of anger, fear. 5. Of laughing, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 80, 1 ([Prakrit]). i. Of reproach, contempt, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 2. ed. 48, 47; equivalent to ‘Be silent,’ Tuṣ! 7. Of aversion. 8. A mystical syllable, Cf. hūṃkāra, hūṃkṛti.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Hum (हुम्).—interj. [with] kṛ growl, grumble, speak roughly to ([accusative]).

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Hūm (हूम्).—= hum.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Hūm (हूम्):—a ind. or hum an exclamation (of remembrance, doubt, interrogation, assent, anger, reproach, fear etc., not translatable)

2) a mystical syllable used in spells and magical texts or sentences

3) in Vedic ritual used immediately before the singing of the Prastāva or prelude as well as during the chanting of the Pratihāra or response, [???; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]

4) Hum (हुम्):—ind. or hūm an exclamation (of remembrance, doubt, interrogation, assent, anger, reproach, fear etc., not translatable)

5) a mystical syllable used in spells and magical texts or sentences

6) in Vedic ritual used immediately before the singing of the Prastāva or prelude as well as during the chanting of the Pratihāra or response, [???; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]

7) Huṃ (हुं):—[from hum] in [compound] for hum.

8) Hūm (हूम्):—b ind. an exclamation or interjection etc.

9) See hum.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Hum (हुम्):—interj. Ah! ha! away! hey! yes; doubt. Also used in incantations.

2) Hūm (हूम्):—interj. Ha! hey! indeed! yes; well. Also expressive of anger, fear, reproach, dislike; used also in incantations.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Hum (हुम्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Huṃ.

[Sanskrit to German]

Hum in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Huṃ (हुं):—(int) a particle denoting assent, yes.

2) Hūṃ (हूं):—(ind) yes; (v) am.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Huṃ (हुं) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Hum.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Huṃ (ಹುಂ):—[interjection] an interjection used to express doubt, consent, disagreement, anger, contempt, fear, etc.

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Hūṃ (ಹೂಂ):—[independent] = ಹೂ [hu]3.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Tamil dictionary

Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Hum (ஹும்) interjection An exclamation indicating disapproval or dissatisfaction; அதிருப்தி யைக் காட்டுதற்கு அறிகுறியாக வழங்குஞ் சொல். [athirupthi yaig kattutharku ariguriyaga vazhangugn sol.]

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

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Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Huṃ (हुं):—[=हुँ] interj. a word uttered to scold or startle somebody;

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Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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