In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (tantric buddhism)

Upamelāpaka (उपमेलापक) refers to a “near-by meeting place” and represents one of the various classes of sacred sites, according to the Netravibhaṅga, a commentary on the Hevajratantra by Dharmakīrti.—Accordingly, “It is called a ‘seat’ (pīṭha) because one always stays there and performs the practice, also because the yogis stay there. Because it is near to that place, it is called ‘nearby seat’ (upapīṭha). It is called ‘field’ (kṣetra), because it produces good qualities, also because the mother-goddesses stay there. Because it is near to there, it is called ‘near-by field’ (upakṣetra). Because one desires and yearns, it is called Chando. Because it is near there, it is called ‘near-by Chando’. It is called ‘meeting place’ (melāpaka) because it is the site of a place, [for example] Magadha and Aṅgamagadha. It is called ‘near-by meeting place’ [i.e., upamelāpaka][?] because it is near there. It is called ‘cemetery’ (śmaśāna) because no discriminating thought (vikalpa) arises and because there are many corpses. It is called ‘near-by cemetery’, because it is near to there”.

Source: academia.edu: A Critical Study of the Vajraḍākamahātantrarāja (II)

Upamelāpaka (उपमेलापक) is one of the Pīṭhādis (group of districts) present within the Kāyacakra (‘circle of body’) which is associated with the Ḍākinī named Pātālavāsinī (‘a woman living underground’), according to the 9th-centruy Vajraḍākatantra.

The Pīṭhādi named Upamelāpaka within the Kāyacakra contains the following four districts or seats:

1. Saurāṣṭra,
2. Suvarṇadvīpa.

Source: 84000: Sampuṭodbhava Tantra (Emergence from Sampuṭa)

Upamelāpaka (उपमेलापक) refers to “Auxiliary Melāpakas” (i.e., a type of power place where Yogins and Yoginīs congregate), according to the Sampuṭodbhavatantra chapter 5.—Accordingly, “[Vajragarbha asked:]—‘Blessed One, what places are places of gatherings?’ [The Blessed One said:]—‘There are pīṭhas and auxiliary pīṭhas, And likewise, kṣetras and auxiliary kṣetras. There are also chandohas and auxiliary chandohas, melāpakas and auxiliary melāpakas [e.g., upamelāpaka]. There are charnel grounds and auxiliary charnel grounds, pīlavas and auxiliary pīlavas. These are the twelve types of meeting places. The lord of the ten bhūmis has not specified Any places other than these twelve’. [...]”.

Upamelāpaka in Tibetan: ཉེ་འདུ་བ། [nye ’du ba]; ཉེ་བའི་འདུ་བ། [nye ba’i ’du ba].

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Upamelāpaka (उपमेलापक) refers to a class of holy sites, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly: “Now, [the Blessed One] has taught [holy sites] such as the pīṭha and upapīṭha in sequence. [...] (7) The melāpaka [sites] are proclaimed to be a bank of a river, a garden, an ocean, and a place where four roads meet. (8) The upamelāpaka [sites] are on the summit of a mountain, the center of a village, and Vṛndākaumāriparvaka (or a mountain [where there is] a flock of maidens). A lineage land is [also] the upamelāpaka. [...]”.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Melapaka, Upa.

Full-text (+4): Murdha, Udyana, Melapaka, Naditira, Sagara, Catushpatha, Kulakshetra, Grama, Madhya, Parvaka, Girimurdhan, Gramamadhya, Vrindakaumari, Vrindakaumariparvaka, Saptamadvipa, Acalabhumi, Shaundini, Akashagarbha, Desha, Cakravarmini.

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