Nikara, Nikāra, Nīkāra: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Nikara means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Nikar.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Nikara (निकर).—A Rākṣasa clan, like the Bhadrakas.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 189.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Nikara (निकर) refers to an “abundance” (of rain), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 9), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If Venus should enter the constellation of Mṛgaśīrṣa, juice and crops will suffer; if she should enter the constellation of Ārdrā, the people of Kośala and of Kaliṅga will suffer and there will be abundance of rain [i.e., salila-nikara-kara]. If Venus should enter the constellation of Punarvasu, the people of Aśmaka and of Vidarbha will become lawless. If Venus should enter the constellation of Puṣya, there will be good rain; singing and dancing parties will suffer”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Nikara (निकर) refers to “multitudes (of serious diseases)”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 9, “on kinds of must”]: “19. From the flowing of the must-fluid the bodily humors of the elephant in must constantly waste away, and through wasting of the humors right quickly arise multitudes of serious diseases (roga-nikara). Because of their previous wasting away he does not attain to the development of must in other years. One shall cause him to appease this must through three months devoted to (development of) the bodily humors”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Nikara (निकर) refers to “essence”, according to the Guru-maṇḍala-arcana [i.e., “Guru Mandala Worship]” ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “A red twilight, producing a sharp essence (khara-kara-nikarā), an edge as bright as seven suns, A knife killing all enemies, a gleaming immortal striker held by the right arm”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Nikara.—(EI 12, 33), cf. yathādīyamāna-bhoga-bhāga-kara- nikara-ādikam; a small tax or cess; small amount of rent fixed for a gift land; practically the same as kara or tax (IHQ, Vol. XXXIV, p. 279). Cf. upakara, tṛṇodaka, mānya-kaṇikĕ, etc. Note: nikara is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
nikara : (m.) multitude.
Nikara, (Sk. nikara, ni+karoti) a multitude Dāvs. V, 25 (jātipuppha°). (Page 351)
— or —
Nikāra, (Sk. nikāra in diff. meaning, ni+kāra) service, humility J. III, 120 (nikāra-pakāra, prob. to be read nipaccākāra, q. v.). (Page 352)
nikara (နိကရ) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[ni+kara+a．avayavaṃ samīpe karotīti nikaro．,ṭī．629．nikara-saṃ,ṇīkara-prā)]
[နိ+ကရ+အ။ အဝယဝံ သမီပေ ကရောတီတိ နိကရော။ ဓာန်၊ဋီ။၆၂၉။နိကရ-သံ၊ ဏီကရ-ပြာ)]
[Pali to Burmese]
nikara—
(Burmese text): အပေါင်း၊ အစု။
(Auto-Translation): Group, assembly.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
nikara (निकर).—m prep.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Nikara (निकर).—[nikṝ bhāvādau ap]
1) A heap, pile.
2) A flock, multitude, collection; पपात स्वेदाम्बुप्रसर इव हर्षाश्रुनिकरः (papāta svedāmbuprasara iva harṣāśrunikaraḥ) Gīt. 11;Śiśupālavadha 4.58; Ṛtusaṃhāra 6.18.
3) A bundle.
4) Sap, pith, essence.
5) A suitable gift, honorarium.
6) A treasure.
Derivable forms: nikaraḥ (निकरः).
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Nikāra (निकार).—&c. See under निकृ (nikṛ).
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Nikāra (निकार).—
1) Winnowing corn.
2) Lifting up.
3) Killing, slaughter.
4) Humiliation, subjugation.
5) Insult, injury, wrong, offence; तीर्णो निकारार्णवः (tīrṇo nikārārṇavaḥ) Ve.6.43; Mv. 3.41;5.14;7.8; Kirātārjunīya 1.43;3.44.
6) Abuse, reproach, disrespect.
7) Wickedness, malice; अलमङ्ग निकारोऽयम् (alamaṅga nikāro'yam) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 5.129.47.
8) Opposition, contradiction.
Derivable forms: nikāraḥ (निकारः).
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Nīkāra (नीकार).—See निकार (nikāra).
Derivable forms: nīkāraḥ (नीकारः).
Nikara (निकर).—m.
(-raḥ) 1. A flock or multitude. 2. A heap, a bundle. 3. Pith, sap, essence. 4. Suitable or proper gift. 5. A treasure, especially belonging to Kuvera: see nidhi. E. ni in or upon, kṝ to throw, affix ap .
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Nikāra (निकार).—m.
(-raḥ) 1. Opposition, contradiction. 2. Injury, wrong, offence. 3. wickedness; malice. 4. Abuse, reproach, disrespect. 5. Raising, tossing or lifting up. 6. Piling or winnowing corn. 7. Killing. E. ni depreciative prefix, kṛ to make, or kṝ to throw, affix bhāve ghañ or ap.
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Nīkāra (नीकार).—m.
(-raḥ) Disrespect, contempt, vilifying, degrading. E. ni before, kṛ to make, aff. bhāve ghañ .
Nīkāra can also be spelled as Nikāra (निकार).
Nikara (निकर).—i. e. ni-kṛ10 + a, m. A flock or multitude, [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 11, 4; Mahābhārata 15, 722.
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Nikāra (निकार).—i. e. ni-kṛ + a, m. 1. Humiliation, Mahābhārata 1, 7081. 2. Abuse, 14, 1788.
Nikara (निकर).—[masculine] heap, pile, mass, abundance, multitude (often —°).
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Nikāra (निकार).—[masculine] humiliation, insult.
1) Nikara (निकर):—[=ni-kara] m. (√kṛ) a heap, pile, a flock or multitude, a bundle, mass, collection (mfn. ifc. f(ā). ), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] ([cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]) pith, sap, essence
3) [v.s. ...] suitable gift, a honorarium
4) [v.s. ...] a treasure, the best of anything, a treasure belonging to Kubera, 1.
5) Nikāra (निकार):—[from ni-kara] a m. ([cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]) piling up or winnowing corn
6) [v.s. ...] tossing or lifting up.
7) [=ni-kāra] b 1. and 2. ni-kāra, raṇa, etc. See under ni-kara and ni-kṛ.
8) [=ni-kāra] [from ni-kṛ] c m. bringing down, humiliation, wrong, offence, injury, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
9) [v.s. ...] wickedness, malice, [Horace H. Wilson]
10) [v.s. ...] opposition, contradiction, [Horace H. Wilson]
11) [v.s. ...] = next, [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes]
12) Nīkāra (नीकार):—[=nī-kāra] [from nī] m. (√1. kṝ) disrespect, contempt, degradation, [Harṣacarita]
1) Nikara (निकर):—(raḥ) 1. m. A flock or multitude; pith; a proper gift; a treasure.
2) Nikāra (निकार):—[ni-kāra] (raḥ) 1. m. Opposition; injury; wickedness; abuse; winnowing or piling corn.
3) Nīkāra (नीकार):—[nī-kāra] (raḥ) 1. m. Vilifying.
Nikara (निकर):—(von 3. kar mit ni) m.
1) ein dichter Haufe, Menge [Amarakoṣa 2, 5, 39.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1411.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 173.] [Halāyudha 4, 1.] amara [Kathāsaritsāgara 22, 254.] mugdhabadhū [Gītagovinda 1, 38.] pika [11, 4.] ali [Amaruśataka 91.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 17, 13.] aṅgāra [Rāmāyaṇa 4, 37, 26.] puṣpa [Mahābhārata 15, 722.] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 3, 3, 30,] [Scholiast] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 52, 125.] [Caurapañcāśikā 16.] [Bhartṛhari 1, 37.] [Śṛṅgāratilaka 7. 10.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 2, 4.] graharkṣatārā [1, 19, 30.] ratna [4, 19, 9.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 12, 4.] bāhu [Prabodhacandrodaja 86, 11.] śara [87, 9.] [Ṛtusaṃhāra 6, 18.] kauśeya [Mahābhārata 7, 202.] avakara [Bhartṛhari]
2) Honorar, = nyāyadeyadhana [Medinīkoṣa] [Dhūrtasamāgama 90,] [?4:, 6. - Nach Medinīkoṣa] bedeutet das Wort ausserdem Schatz (nidhi); das Beste von einer Sache (sāra); die Bedd. saṃgha (Menge), sāra und nyāyadātavyavitta werden [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 3, 568] dem Worte nisāra zugetheilt, einem Worte, das sonst nirgends erscheint und wohl nur Fehler für nikara ist.
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Nikāra (निकार):—1. (von 1. kar mit ni) m. Demüthigung, Beleidigung, Kränkung [Amarakoṣa 3, 3, 15.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 442.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 3, 569.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 175.] [Halāyudha 4, 19.] [Mahābhārata 1, 7081. 3, 440. 5, 2961. 5401. 6, 591. 12, 3017. 14, 1788.] [Śihlana’s Śāntiśataka 1, 17. 4, 12.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 12, 194.] [Daśakumāracarita 172, 13.]
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Nikāra (निकार):—2. (von 3. kar mit ni) m. = utkāra das Schwingen oder Aufspeichern von Korn [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 3, 3, 30.] [Amarakoṣa 3, 3, 36.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 359.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 3, 569.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 175.]
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Nīkāra (नीकार):—(von 1. kar mit ni) m. = nyakkāra Erniedrigung, Demüthigung, Verachtung [Śabdaratnāvalī im Śabdakalpadruma]
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Nikara (निकर):—
1) saṃnyastadainyavyatikaranikarāḥ adj. [Spr. 1753.]
Nikara (निकर):—m. (adj. Comp. f. ā) —
1) ein dichter Haufe , Menge. —
2) Honorar. —
3) *Schatz. —
4) *das Beste von einer Sache.
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Nikāra (निकार):—1. m. —
1) Demüthigung , Beleidigung , Kränkung. —
2) *Tödtung [Galano's Wörterbuch]
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Nikāra (निकार):—2. m. das Schwingen — oder Aufspeichern von Korn.
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Nīkāra (नीकार):—m. Erniedrigung , Demüthigung , Kränkung [Harṣacarita 161,4.]
Nikara (निकर) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇiara, Ṇikara, Ṇigara.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Nikara (निकर) [Also spelled nikar]:—(nm) heap, pile, bundle; multitude, flock; shorts half-pants.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Ṇikara (णिकर) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Nikara.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Nikara (ನಿಕರ):—
1) [noun] a crowd of people.
2) [noun] a pile or mound of things, usu. Jumbled together; a heap.
3) [noun] a number of things tied together; a bundle.
4) [noun] the essential being which makes something what it is; essence.
5) [noun] a befitting gift or presentation.
6) [noun] a treasure or the best of anything.
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Nikara (ನಿಕರ):—[adjective] exact; precise; accurate.
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Nikara (ನಿಕರ):—[noun] the quality being accurate; precision; exactness.
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Nikāra (ನಿಕಾರ):—
1) [noun] a winnowing of corn.
2) [noun] the act of lifting up.
3) [noun] the act or an instance of killing; slaughter.
4) [noun] a hurting of another’s pride or dignity by treating contemptuously; humiliation.
5) [noun] wickedness, malice or hatred.
6) [noun] an opposed condition; hostility.
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Nikāra (ನಿಕಾರ):—
1) [noun] the quality of condition of being clean; cleanliness.
2) [noun] a washed, clean cloth.
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Nīkara (ನೀಕರ):—
1) [noun] the act of removing or taking off.
2) [noun] a disdainful treatment; a looking down upon; contempt.
3) [noun] he who removes; a remover.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Nikara (நிகர) particle < நிகர்¹-. [nigar¹-.] A term of comparison; ஓர் உவமவுருபு. [or uvamavurupu.] (நன். [nan.] 367.)
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Nikara (निकर):—n. 1. heap; pile; 2. multitude; collection; 3. bundle; 4. fund; treasury;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Mi, A, Ni, Kara.
Starts with (+0): Nikarakara, Nikaralopa, Nikaram, Nikaranan, Nikaranem, Nikarapakara, Nikarar, Nikarava, Nikaravatte, Nikkarana.
Full-text (+32): Karin, Sanikara, Manigunanikara, Bhanikara, Nikaram, Nikaralopa, Vinikara, Nikarapakara, Pushpanikara, Nikacca, Pacunikaram, Candakirananikara, Bhramaranikara, Nikar, Cikuranikara, Asitasaliladharanikara, Ni jia luo, Pikanikara, Nikari, Nikaronti.
Relevant text
Search found 38 books and stories containing Nikara, Ni-kara, Ni-kāra, Nī-kāra, Ni-kara-a, Nigara, Nikāra, Nīkāra, Ṇikara, Nīkara; (plurals include: Nikaras, karas, kāras, as, Nigaras, Nikāras, Nīkāras, Ṇikaras, Nīkaras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.9.26 < [Chapter 9 - Brahmā’s Prayers]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.56 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Brahma Archana Paddhati (text and translation) (by Prabhunath Dwivedi)
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 74 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 2]
Page 70 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 2]
Page 62 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Wise Sayings from the Padma-purana < [Purana, Volume 4, Part 1 (1962)]