Nagna: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Nagna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Nagn.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationNagna (नग्न) refers to “naked” (e.g., a naked Yogin), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.8.—Accordingly, Sage Nārada said to Menā:—“O Menā, O king of mountains, this daughter of yours has all auspicious signs. Like the first digit of the moon she will increase day by day. She will delight her husband, and heighten the glory of her parents. She will be a great chaste lady. She will grant bliss to everyone always. I see all good signs in the palm of your daughter, O lord of mountains. There is an abnormal line also. Listen to the indication thereof. Her husband will be a naked Yogin [i.e., nagna—yogī nagno...], without any qualities. He will be free from lust. He will have neither mother nor father. He will be indifferent to honours. His dress and manners will be inauspicious”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexNagna (नग्न).—A heretic: conquering, the senses and controlling self;1 unlettered in Veda;2 Dialogue between Vasiṣṭha and Bhīṣma regarding Nagna;3 Asuras became so by the delusion of Māyāmoha Viṣṇu;4 caste men who neglect their svadharma become a Nagna.5
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 27. 105 and 119; III. 14. 35-40.
- 2) Viṣṇu-purāṇa III. 16. 12; 17. 5.
- 3) Ib. III. 17. 7.
- 4) Ib. III. 18-36.
- 5) Ib. III. 18. 48 and 52.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: eScholarship: Chapters 1-14 of the Hayasirsa PancaratraNagna (नग्न) refers to “one who is naked”, representing an undesirable characteristic of an Ācārya, according to the 9th-century Hayaśīrṣa-pañcarātra Ādikāṇḍa chapter 3.—The Lord said:—“I will tell you about the Sthāpakas endowed with perverse qualities. He should not construct a temple with those who are avoided in this Tantra. [...] He with whom one constructs a temple should not be a Śaiva, or a Saura, nor a Naiṣṭhika, nor a naked one (nagna), nor born of mixed marriage, nor unclean, old, or one who is of a despicable form or marked by great sin. [...] A god enshrined by any of these named above (viz., nagna), is in no manner a giver of fruit. If a building for Viṣṇu is made anywhere by these excluded types (viz., nagna) then that temple will not give rise to enjoyment and liberation and will yield no reward, of this there is no doubt”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: archive.org: Naisadhacarita of Sriharsa1) Nagna (नग्न) bards are described by Māgha (18.16) as singing the exploits of heroes on the battlefield.
2) Nagna (नग्न) in “nagnācārya” refers to “ill-clad person”.—The derivation of the word [nagnācārya] is not clear. Hemacandra, relying on the literal meaning of the word, describes nagna as an ill-clad person wearing only a small piece of loin-cloth. But it is extremely doubtful whether shabby persons wearing rags were employed by kings to awaken them in the morning in melodious strains. [...] Kuṭṭanīmata (verse 550) seems to imply that a Nagnācārya is a well-to-do person. It is, however, probable that these Nagna bards were sometimes Jaina mendicants. The word Nagna means also a Jaina mendicant, and it is remarkable that there is another word Goraṅku which also means both “a bard” and “a Jaina mendicant”. [...] The double meaning of the two words Nagna (or Nagnācārya) and Goraṅku seems to suggest that Jaina mendicants sometimes served as bards or panegyrists.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramNagna (नग्न) refers to “naked”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “O God, the Divine Command came forth initially in the first Age. That (was the) goddess (who) emerged there in the form of a sprout. (Her) senses subdued, She performed fearful austerity, at the instance of the Divine Command. And so it is that I who possess three aspects and have the form of a humpbacked woman (kubjikā) and am crooked and naked (nagna-vāsas) have become old”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraNagna (नग्न) refers to a country belonging to “Āgneyī (south-eastern division)” classified under the constellations of Āśleṣā, Maghā and Pūrvaphālguni, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Āśleṣā, Maghā and Pūrvaphālguni represent the south-eastern division consisting of [i.e., Nagna] [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchNagna (नग्न) or Nagnatva refers to “nakedness”, according to the the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] Putting on ochre garments, carrying a skull, plucking out clumps of hair, maintaining non-vedic religious observances, ashes, ascetic clothing and matted locks, behaving as if mad, [the ascetic practice of] nakedness (nagnatva), [studying] the Vedas, Tantras and so on and the meeting [of learned people] for [reciting] poetry in the assembly: All [this] is exertion for the sake of filling one's stomach and is not the cause of the highest good. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraNagna (नग्न, “naked”).—According to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV), “then, amongst the beings of the trisāhasramahāsāhasralokadāthu, those who were naked (nagna) received clothing”. Some poor people (daridra) go about without clothes or their clothes are in tatters. It is by the power of the Buddha that they acquire clothing.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiNagnā (नग्ना, “naked”) is used to describe Vajravārāhī and Vajrayoginī, according to the Saṃvaramaṇḍala of Abhayākaragupta’s Niṣpannayogāvalī, p. 45 and n. 145; (Cf. Cakrasaṃvaratantra, Gray, David B., 2007).—Vajravārāhī appears both with Cakrasaṃvara, and on her own, both as Vajravārāhī and Vajrayoginī. [...] Vajravārāhī and Vajrayoginī are both red, nagnā, "naked", have muktakeśā, "loosened hair", one face and two arms, three eyes, holding a kartika in the right hand, and kapāla in the left, a garland of fifty dried human skulls, five bone ornaments, a crown of five skulls, and hold a khaṭvāṅga. With Cakrasaṃvara, Vajravārāhī has either one or both legs wrapped around her hero, copulating while menstruating. Both Vajravārāhī and Vajrayoginī have their own iconographic meanings with and without Cakrasaṃvara.
Note: Having a nagnā, "naked", body symbolizes not being oppressed by the pañca-kleśa, "The Five Afflictions".
Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of HeroesNagnā (नग्ना) refers to “she who is naked”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, “[Vajravārāhī holds] an adamantine knife in the right [hand] and a skull bowl in the left hand; hugs the Blessed One (Heruka) around [his] hips with [her] two shanks and loves [him]; [has] one face; [has her] hair untied; is naked (nagnā); is red in color; wears a garland of hairless heads [as a necklace]; is adorned with sexually attractive ornaments; is crowned with a string of skulls on [her] head; [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Nagna in India is the name of a plant defined with Cardiospermum halicacabum in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Cardiospermum corindum auct. non Linnaeus (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Linnaea (1843)
· Parasitology Research (2005)
· Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006)
· Ethnobotany (2007)
· Botanica Acta (1990)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Nagna, for example pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, health benefits, chemical composition, extract dosage, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarynagna (नग्न).—a (S) pop. naggā a Naked. 2 fig. Destitute.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishnagna (नग्न).—a naggā a Naked. Destitute.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryNagna (नग्न).—See under नज् (naj) below.
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Nagna (नग्न).—a. [naj-na-kartari kta tasya naḥ]
1) Naked, nude, bare; न नग्नः स्नानमाचरेत् (na nagnaḥ snānamācaret) Manusmṛti 4.45; नग्नक्षपणके देशे रजकः किं करिष्यति (nagnakṣapaṇake deśe rajakaḥ kiṃ kariṣyati) Chāṇ.11; अवश्यंभाविनो भावा भवन्ति महतामपि । नग्नत्वं नीलकण्ठस्य महाहिशयनं हरेः (avaśyaṃbhāvino bhāvā bhavanti mahatāmapi | nagnatvaṃ nīlakaṇṭhasya mahāhiśayanaṃ hareḥ) || H.
2) Uncultivated, uninhabited, desolate.
-gnaḥ 1 A naked mendicant.
2) A Buddhist mendicant (kṣapaṇaka); धर्म इत्युपधर्मेषु नग्नरक्तपटादिषु । प्रायेण सज्जते भ्रान्त्या पेशलेषु च वाग्मिषु (dharma ityupadharmeṣu nagnaraktapaṭādiṣu | prāyeṇa sajjate bhrāntyā peśaleṣu ca vāgmiṣu) || Bhāgavata 4.19.25.
3) A hypocrite.
4) A bard accompanying an army, or a wandering bard.
5) Name of Śiva.
-gnā 1 A naked, shameless (or wanton) woman.
2) A girl before menstruation, or less than 12 or 1 (and therefore may go about naked).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryNagna (नग्न).—m. (compare on the [etymology] and exact meaning the com-moner mahā-nagna, of which this is essentially a syno- nym), great man, mighty man, champion: sarvi bala-upeta nagnāḥ samā duṣpradharṣāḥ paraiḥ Lalitavistara 94.11 (verse); nagnabalānupradāna- 429.22 (prose), the granting of the might of champions; (ekasmin dvāre eko) nagnaḥ sthā- pitaḥ, dvitīye dvitīyaḥ, tṛtīye Rādhaguptaḥ (an agrāmā- tyaḥ), pūrvadvāre svayam eva rājāśoko 'vasthitaḥ Divyāvadāna 373.13.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryNagna (नग्न).—mfn.
(-gnaḥ-gnā-gnaṃ) Naked. m.
(-gnaḥ) 1. A naked mendicant. 2. A Baud'dha. 3. A bard. f.
(-gnā) A naked woman. E. naj to be ashamed, affix karttari kta.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryNagna (नग्न).—I. adj., f. nā, Naked, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 45. Ii. f. nā, A girl before menstruation, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 217.
— Cf. [Gothic.] naqvadei; [Anglo-Saxon.] nacud, nacod. genacian; [Latin] nudus.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryNagna (नग्न).—[adjective] naked, bare; [masculine] a naked mendicant, [feminine] ā a naked i.e. wanton woman, also = seq. [feminine]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumNagna (नग्न) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. [Sūktikarṇāmṛta by Śrīdharadāsa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Nagna (नग्न):—a See under √naj below.
2) [from naj] b mf(ā)n. naked, new, bare, desolate, desert, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] m. a naked mendicant ([especially] a Bauddha, but also a mere hypocrite), [Varāha-mihira; Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] a bard accompanying an army, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] Name of Śiva, [Śivagītā, ascribed to the padma-purāṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] of a poet, [Catalogue(s)]
7) Nagnā (नग्ना):—[from nagna > naj] f. a naked (wanton) woman, [Atharva-veda v, 7, 8]
8) [v.s. ...] a girl before menstruation (allowed to go naked), [Pañcatantra iii, 217]
9) [v.s. ...] Cardiospermum Halicacabum, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. nagaṇā); = vāc ([varia lectio] for nanā), [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska i, 11 [Scholiast or Commentator]; ]
10) Nagna (नग्न):—[from naj] cf. [Zend] maghna for naghna; [Lithuanian] nugas; [Slavonic or Slavonian] nagŭ; [Gothic] nagaths; [Anglo-Saxon] nacod; [English] naked; [German] nackt.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryNagna (नग्न):—[(gnaḥ-gnā-gnaṃ) a.] Naked. m. A bard.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Nagna (नग्न) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇagiṇa, Ṇagga, Ṇiaṇa, Ṇigaṇa, Ṇigiṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryNagna (नग्न) [Also spelled nagn]:—(a) nude, naked; uncovered; ~[tā] nudeness, nakedness; shamelessness, wickedness; —[nṛtya] a show of shamelessness, a brazen performance/act/display.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusNagna (ನಗ್ನ):—
1) [adjective] being without clothing; uncovered; nude; naked.
2) [adjective] out of cover, sheath, etc. (as a sword).
3) [adjective] untilled; unploughed.
4) [adjective] without additions ornaments, disguises or embellishments; plain; stark; naked.
5) [adjective] (bot.) without leaves, corolla, ovary, perianth, etc.; naked.
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Nagna (ನಗ್ನ):—
1) [noun] the condition of being without clothing; nakedness.
2) [noun] a naked man.
3) [noun] a Jaina mendicant (who does not wear clothes).
4) [noun] Śiva.
5) [noun] the condition of being empty; emptiness.
6) [noun] Gautam Buddha.
7) [noun] an official in a palace whose duty is to herald, often flatteringly, the king’s merits; a sycophant; a flatterer; a fawner.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+15): Nagnabhuja, Nagnabhupatigraha, Nagnacarya, Nagnacharya, Nagnadaya, Nagnadhara, Nagnadigambara, Nagnadiksha, Nagnahu, Nagnajit, Nagnajita, Nagnajiti, Nagnaka, Nagnakshapanaka, Nagnakubjika, Nagnambhavishnu, Nagnambhavuka, Nagnamga, Nagnamgi, Nagnamkarana.
Ends with: Anagna, Dvirnagna, Mahanagna, Vinagna.
Full-text (+66): Nagnajit, Nagnata, Nagnacarya, Nagnamkarana, Mahanagna, Nagnatva, Nagga, Nagnaka, Nagnambhavishnu, Nagnamushita, Nagana, Nagnavratadhara, Goranku, Nagnavritti, Vratadhara, Naj, Dvinagnaka, Nana, Nagnahu, Nagnataka.
Relevant text
Search found 21 books and stories containing Nagna, Nagnā; (plurals include: Nagnas, Nagnās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 7.92 < [Section VIII - Duties in Battle (saṅgrāma)]
Verse 4.75 < [Section IX - Personal Cleanliness]
Verse 4.45 < [Section IX - Personal Cleanliness]
The Vishnu Purana (by Horace Hayman Wilson)
Chapter XVII - Of heretics, or those who reject the authority of the Vedas < [Book III]
Chapter XVI - Things proper to be offered as food to deceased ancestors < [Book III]
Chapter XVIII - Buddha goes to the earth, and teaches the Daityas to contemn the Vedas < [Book III]
The Brahmanda Purana (by G.V. Tagare)
Chapter 14 - Purification rites and the Śrāddha ritual < [Section 3 - Upodghāta-pāda]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 2.13.326 < [Chapter 13 - The Deliverance of Jagāi and Mādhāi]
The Bhagavata Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 22 - Cowherd-maids Pray to Kātyāyanī < [Book 10 - Tenth Skandha]