Satirical works of Kshemendra (study)

by Arpana Devi | 2017 | 60,954 words

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Summary: This thesis studies the Satirical works of Kshemendra: an 11th century poet from Kashmir, who composed three satirical works—(1) the Kalavilasa, (2) the Desopadesa and (3) the Narmamala. Kshemendra himself says that in composing the satirical works his only motive is to reform the mindset of the people.—He exposes all the vices and follies prevailing in the society with the intention to reform it.

Source 1: exoticindiaart.com
Source 2: shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in

Contents of this online book ( + / - )

The full text of the Satirical works of Kshemendra (study) in English is available here and publically accesible (free to read online). Of course, I would always recommend buying the book so you get the latest edition. You can see all this book’s content by visiting the pages in the below index:

Acknowledgement

+ Chapter 1 - Introduction

. 1. Meaning of Satire

. 2. Purpose of Satire

. 3. Function of the Satirist

. 4. Origin of Satire

. 5. Satire Differs from Humour and Wit

. 6. Synonymous Word(s) in Sanskrit for Satire

. 7. Prominent Satirical Works in Sanskrit

. 7.1. Summary of the Padmapābhṛtakam

. 7.2. Summary of the Ubhayābhicārikā

. 7.3. Summary of the Dhūrtaviṭasaṃvāda

. 7.4. Summary of the Pādatāḍitaka

. 7.5. Summary of the Kuṭṭanīmatam

. 7.6. Summary of the Bhagavadajjukam

. 7.7. Summary of the Mattavilāsam

. 7.8. Summary of the Mṛcchakaṭika

. 7.9. Summary of the Daśakumāracarita

. 7.10. Summary of the Pancatantra

. 7.11. Summary of the Bhallaṭaśataka

. 7.12. Summary of the Prabodhacandrodaya

. 8.1. Summary of the Hudibras

. 8.2. Summary of the Absalom and Achitophel

. 8.3. Summary of The Battle of the Book

. 8.4. Summary of A Tale of a Tub

. 8.5. Summary of The Rape of the Lock

. 8.6. Summary of The Gulliver Travels

. 8.7. Summary of A Modest Proposal

. 9. Prominent Satirical Works in Assamese Literature

. 9.1. Summary of the Rāmnavamī (1857)

. 9.2. Summary of the Kānīyā Kīrtan (1861)

. 9.3. Summary of the Bāhire Rong Chong Bhitore Kowābhāturī (1876)

. 9.4. Summary of the Gaonboorā (1897)

. 9.5. Summary of the Sadānandar Kalāghumati (1885)

. 9.6. Summary of the Kṛpābor Baruar Kākator Topolā (1905)

. 9.7. Summary of the Rahgharā (1916)

. 9.8. Summary of the Bhut Ne Bhram (1924)

. 9.9. Summary of the Bahurupī (1926)

. 9.10. Summary of the Ranjan (1927)

+ Chapter 2 - Kṣemendra: His Life and Works

. 1. Date and Literary Career of Kṣemendra

. 2. Kṣemendra’s Family

. 3. Kṣemendra’s Birth Place

. 4. Educational Life

. 5. Kṣemendra’s Religion

. 6. Vyāsadāsa–his other name

. 7. Kṣemendra is identified with Kṣemarāja

. 8. Reverence for Vyāsa and Vālmīki

. 9. Friends and Disciples

. 10. Kṣemendra’s Works

. 11. Chronological Order of the Works

+ Chapter 3 - Satirical Works of Kṣemendra

. 1. Summary of the Kalāvilāsa

. 2. Summary of the Deśopadeśa

. 3. Summary of the Narmamālā

+ Chapter 4 - Literary study of the Three Satirical Works

. 1. Alaṃkāra or the figures of speech (Introduction)

. 1.1. Upamā (simile)

. 1.2. Rūpaka (metaphor)

. 1.3. Utprekṣā (poetical fancy)

. 1.4. Vibhāvanā (peculiar causation)

. 1.5. Viśeṣokti (peculiar allegation)

. 1.6. Ullekha (representation)

. 1.7. Virodhābhāsa (contradiction)

. 1.8. Yamaka (rhyme)

. 1.9. Anuprāsa (Alliteration)

. 1.10. Śleṣa (Paronomasia or pun)

. 2. Kavisamaya or the poetic convention

. 3. Rasa or the sentiment

. 4. Chandas or the metre

+ Chapter 5 - Kṣemendra’s objectives of Satire

. 1-2. Concept and Definition of Values

. 3. Types of Values

. 4. Objectives of Kṣemendra’s Satire

. 5.1. The Corrupt Bureaucrats

. 5.2. The Guru and his Devotees

. 5.3. The Celibate Brāhmaṇa

. 5.4. The Physician (vaidya)

. 5.5. The Astrologer (gaṇaka)

. 5.6. The Oculist (cakṣurvaidya)

. 5.7. The Surgeon (śailyahartā)

. 5.8. The Singer (gāyana)

. 5.9. The Alchemist (dhātuvādī)

. 5.10. The Goldsmith (suvarṇakāra)

. 5.11. The Tradesman (vaṇik)

. 5.12. The Prostitute (veśyā)

. 5.13. The Unchaste Widow (raṇḍā)

. 5.14. The Ladies of the Good Family (kulavadhū)

. 5.15. The Wife of the Kāyastha Bureaucrat (kāyastha-sundarī)

. 5.16. The Bawd (kuṭṭanī)

. 5.17. The Female Mendicant (śramaṇikā)

. 5.18. The Teacher of the Child (dāraka-upādhyāya)

. 5.19. The Student (chātra)

. 5.20. The Wife of the Old Man (vṛddhabhāryā)

. 6. An Overview of the Previous Discussion

. 7. Kṣemendra’s Observations

. 8. Kṣemendra’s Focal Points

Chapter 6 - Conclusion

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Last Updated: 10 November, 2024

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