Mudrita: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Mudrita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Mudirt.
In Hinduism
Gitashastra (science of music)
Mudrita (मुद्रित, “closed”) refers to one of the fifteen aspects of gamaka (embellishments, ornamentation) that are used in Indian classical music (gāndharva), according to the Saṅgītaśiromaṇi 14.83-94. These gamakas refer to essential elements of the sthāyas (technical phrases) of rāgas (melodic modes). Accordingly, “a mudrita (i.e. a kind of echo effect; Italian: smorzato) is produced by closing the mouth”.
Gitashastra (गीतशास्त्र, gītaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of Music (gita or samgita), which is traditionally divided in Vocal music, Instrumental music and Dance (under the jurisdiction of music). The different elements and technical terms are explained in a wide range of (often Sanskrit) literature.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Mudrita (मुद्रित, “sealed”) refers to one of the gamakas (graces):—“The gamaka called mudrita (sealed) is produced by closing the mouth”. (Saṅgītaratnākara 2.3.95)
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to a “half-closed/half-opnened bud” (of a flower), as mentioned in a list of ten synonyms, according to the second chapter (dharaṇyādi-varga) of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu (an Ayurvedic encyclopedia). The Dharaṇyādi-varga covers the lands, soil, mountains, jungles and vegetation’s relations between trees [viz., Mudrita] and plants and substances, with their various kinds.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
1) Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to “sealed” [e.g., a ‘sealed’ door], according to the Kaulajñānanirṇaya.—Accordingly, “The Nameless (energy) [i.e., anāmā] is fixed in the Heart [i.e., hṛdaya]. This is the Gesture (mudrā) that bestows the goddess. If one sees her in the End of the Twelve, she shines (like) a necklace of gems. This is the Gesture (mudrā) called Anāmā; once (it is) known (one attains) the (liberated) sky-faring state. O beloved, one must break though the door which, endowed with consciousness, is sealed [i.e., mudrita] with the Five Seals (of the lower Wheels) and is well obstructed by the chain (of the door). [...]”.
2) Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to “that which has been sealed” (i.e., that which has been hidden by the power of consciousness), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “Gesture is said to be Power (śakti). It will melt what has been sealed (mudrita). Therefore, O Supreme Goddess, it is called and said to be ‘mudrā’. The 'sealed' is said to be what has been hidden by the power of consciousness which is both inferior and supreme. O fair lady, (from this point of view) Gesture is said to be that due to which one does not know (reality).”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to “having sealed” (a particular cavity), according to the Haṭhapradīpikā 4.100 (Cf. Uttaragīta 41cd-42, Maṇḍalabrāhmaṇopaniṣat 2.5.4-5, Gheraṇḍasaṃhitā 5.82-83ab).—Accordingly, “Because the [nasopharyngeal] cavity above the uvula has been sealed (mudrita) by Khecarī Mudrā, the [Yogin’s] semen is not emitted [even when he] has been embraced by a beautiful woman. So long as his semen remains in his body, then why [would there be] fear of death?”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to “sealed”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] Then, the bodhisatva, the great being, Gaganagañja addressed himself to the Lord: [...] (23) [How are Bodhisattvas] skilled in knowing the entrance into the dependent origination, and free from all views of two extremes? (24) [How do the Bodhisattvas see] the suchness without any differentiation between knowledge (jñāna) and skillful means as sealed with the seal of the Tathāgata (tathāgatamudrā-mudrita)? [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Mudrita (मुद्रित) refers to “(being) sealed (six times)”, according to the Guru-maṇḍala-arcana [i.e., “Guru Mandala Worship]” ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “Having joy, passion, and various other emotions, dancing in half paryaṅka, A seal sealed six times (mudrā-ṣaḍ-mudrita-aṅgī)! Clothing fallen away, and half of sixteen caverns!”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
mudrita (मुद्रित).—p S Sealed. 2 Marked, struck, stamped, imprinted.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Mudrita (मुद्रित).—a.
1) Sealed, marked, impressed, stamped; त्यागः सप्तसमुद्रमुद्रितमहीनिर्व्याजदानावधिः (tyāgaḥ saptasamudramudritamahīnirvyājadānāvadhiḥ) Mv.2.36; काश्मीरमुद्रित- मुरो मधुसूदनस्य (kāśmīramudrita- muro madhusūdanasya) Gītagovinda 1; स्वयं सिन्दूरेण द्विपरणमुदा मुद्रित इव (svayaṃ sindūreṇa dviparaṇamudā mudrita iva) 11.
2) Closed, sealed up.
3) Unblown.
4) Printed.
Mudrita (मुद्रित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Sealed. 2. Marked, struck, stamped. 3. Contracted, closed, sealed up. 4. Unblown, (as a flower.) E. mudrā a seal, itac aff.
Mudrita (मुद्रित).—i. e. mudrā + ita, adj. 1. Sealed. 2. Stamped, marked, [Daśakumāracarita] in
1) Mudrita (मुद्रित):—[from mudrā] mfn. sealed, stamped, impressed, printed, marked, [Kāvya literature; Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]
2) [v.s. ...] contracted, closed, sealed up, [Kāvya literature; Kathāsaritsāgara] (nidrā-m sunk in sleep, [Daśakumāra-carita])
3) [v.s. ...] strung, bound, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] unblown (as a flower), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] intertwined in [particular] forms (as the fingers; cf. mudrā), [Pañcarātra]
6) [v.s. ...] n. impressing a seal on ([locative case]), [Hitopadeśa]
Mudrita (मुद्रित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Sealed up; stamped, marked; unblown.
Mudrita (मुद्रित):——
1) Adj. s.u. mudray —
2) n. das Eindrücken eines Siegels auf (Loc.) [Indische sprüche 677.]
Mudrita (मुद्रित) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Muddia.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Mudrita (मुद्रित) [Also spelled mudirt]:—(v) printed; stamped; sealed; ~[tālabhya] out of print.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Mudrita (ಮುದ್ರಿತ):—
1) [adjective] attested by an official symbol; sealed.
2) [adjective] marked; identified or disignated by a mark or marks.
3) [adjective] printed; imprinted.
4) [adjective] covered; having a cover on or over.
5) [adjective] enclosed; surrounded all around (by).
--- OR ---
Mudrita (ಮುದ್ರಿತ):—[noun] a kind of regulated vibration produced while singing, with closed mouth.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Mudrita (मुद्रित):—adj. 1. sealed; closed (as eyes; flowers); 2. struck; stamped (as coin); 3. printed (as a book);
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Mudritakantha, Mudritaksha, Mudritamukha, Mudritapamsu.
Full-text: Mudray, Gamaka, Mudritapamsu, Mudritamukha, Shanmudrita, Mudritakantha, Mudritaksha, Mudirt, Mudrit, Mukhamudrita, Seal, Muddia, Sindura, Mudramudrita, Tathagatamudra, Valihumphitamudrita, Murch, Valiya.
Relevant text
Search found 24 books and stories containing Mudrita; (plurals include: Mudritas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Indian Astronomy (a source book) (by B. V. Subbarayappa)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.24.14 < [Chapter 24 - The Story of Asuri Muni in the Rāsa-dance Pastime]
Studies in Indian Literary History (by P. K. Gode)
1. The Gandhasara of Gangadhara < [Volume 3 (1956)]
29. Date of Rakshasa Kavya or Kavyarakshasa < [Volume 1 (1945)]
15. The Shringaralapa Manuscript < [Volume 2 (1954)]
The various aspects of the Narada-Purana < [Purana, Volume 8, Part 1 (1966)]
A Note on the article on the Siva-purana < [Purana, Volume 7, Part 1 (1965)]
Svalpa Matsya-purana < [Purana, Volume 6, Part 1 (1964)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 465 < [English-Gujarati-Hindi (1 volume)]
Page 767 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 637 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 2]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)