Kricchra, Kṛcchra: 15 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Dharmashastra
3. Ayurveda
4. Arts
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
See also
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Introduction:

Kricchra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Kṛcchra can be transliterated into English as Krcchra or Kricchra, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Krichchhra.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).—A mode of atonement for sins and crimes; prājāpatya, a form of it.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 227. 41-3, 52. Vāyu-purāṇa 18. 21.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Dharmashastra (religious law)

Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study (dharma)

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र) and Atikṛcchra refers to penances for expiating (prāyaścitta) sins (pātaka) according to the Manusmṛti XI.212-214.—Accordingly, “a person who performs the kṛcchra penance shall eat during three days in the morning only , during the following three days food given unasked and shall fast during another three days. A person who performs atikṛcchra penance must take his food during three periods of three days one mouthful only at each meal and fast during the last three days”.

context information

Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र):—Difficult functioning

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र) refers to “difficulty (in acquiring)” (the confidence) (of a hawk), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the training of hawks]: “[The black-eyed class] can be tamed by much ‘watching’. It eats flesh and drinks water. If it bites the falconer’s hand, stones are to be presented to it. Their feigned or apparent confidence can easily be acquired, but to gain their real confidence is difficult (kṛcchra) [ābhyantarastu kṛcchreṇa], therefore great care should be taken in their training”.

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र) refers to “difficult” (to obtain) [?], according to Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi.—Accordingly, “In one minute living being there are organisms infinite times the emancipated souls. Thus the entire universe is densely filled with one-sensed beings with no interspace. To become a being with more than one sense is as difficult as finding out a very small piece of diamond buried in the sands of an ocean. Even among these most of them are endowed with imperfect senses (i.e. less than five senses). Hence birth as a five-sensed being is as rare (kṛcchra-labhyā—kṛṭajñateva kṛcchralabhyā) as gratitude among the good qualities. [...]”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).—n S A kind of religious penance. 2 Bodily pain. 3 (For mūtrakṛcchra) Strangury. kṛcchrēṅkarūna (dēṇēṃ, karaṇēṃ &c.) With reluctance; with much difficulty--giving, doing &c.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).—a. [cf. Uṇ2.21]

1) Causing trouble, painful; तथात्यजन्निमं देहं कृच्छ्राद् ग्राहाद्विमुच्यते (tathātyajannimaṃ dehaṃ kṛcchrād grāhādvimucyate) Manusmṛti 6.78.

2) Bad, miserable, evil.

3) Wicked, sinful.

4) Being in a difficult or painful situation.

-cchraḥ, -cchram 1 A difficulty, trouble, hardship, misery, calamity, danger; कृच्छ्रं महत्तीर्णः (kṛcchraṃ mahattīrṇaḥ) R.14.6;13.77.

2) Bodily mortification, penance, expiation; Manusmṛti 4.222;5.21;11.16.

3) Torment, torture.

4) A particular kind of religious penance (prājāpatya); कृच्छ्राणि चीर्त्वा च ततो यथ्क्तानि द्विजोत्तमैः (kṛcchrāṇi cīrtvā ca tato yathktāni dvijottamaiḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 13. 1.64.

-cchraḥ Ischury.

-cchram Sin.

-cchram, kṛcchret, kṛcchrat ind. With great difficulty, painfully, miserably; लब्धं कृच्छ्रेण रक्ष्यते (labdhaṃ kṛcchreṇa rakṣyate) H.1.163.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).—mfn.

(-cchraḥ-cchrā-cchraṃ) 1. Attended with pain, painful. 2. Wicked, sinful. mn.

(-cchraḥ-cchraṃ) Bodily pain. Penance, expiation. 3. Sin. 4. difficulty, labour, trouble. 5. A kind of religious penance, according to some, the same as the Prajapatya: see prājāpatya; (according to others, as the Santapana: (see sāntapana.) E. kṛt to cut, rak Unadi affix, and cha substituted for the final.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).— (probably from an old pres. base kṛccha of the vb. kṛṣ; cf. e. g. iṣ, pr. base iccha), I. adj., f. rā. 1. Painful, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 74, 29. 2. Difficult, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 46, 16. 3. Dangerous, [Suśruta] 1, 131, 4. 4. Wicked, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 6, 78. 5. Miserable, Mahābhārata 3, 15388. Ii. n. and m. 1. Pain, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 9, 24, 35. 2. Difficulty, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 68, 53. 3. Distress, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 23. 4. Penance, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 222. Iii. acc. ram, adverbially, Miserably, [Rāmāyaṇa] 4, 22, 7. Instr. reṇa, adv. With difficulty, [Pañcatantra] 137, 25; with much ado, [Pañcatantra] 40, 10. Abl. rāt, adv. With difficulty, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 73, 11.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र).—[adjective] troublesome, painful, difficult, dangerous, bad, miserable, [neuter] [adverb] —[masculine] [neuter] trouble, pain, difficulty, danger, misery; austerity, expiation, a cert. slight penance. °—, [instrumental], & [ablative] (*[with] [participle]), & kṛcchratas [adverb] with difficulty, hardly.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र):—mf(ā)n. (perhaps [from] √kṛś, and connected with kaṣṭa), causing trouble or pain, painful, attended with pain or labour, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Pañcatantra; Suśruta]

2) being in a difficult or painful situation, [Rāmāyaṇa ii, 78, 14]

3) bad, evil, wicked, [Horace H. Wilson]

4) mn. difficulty, trouble, labour, hardship, calamity, pain, danger (often ifc. e.g. vana-vāsak, the difficulties of living in a forest; mūtra-k q.v.; artha-kṛcchreṣu, in difficulties, in a miserable situation, [Mahābhārata iii, 65; Nalopākhyāna xv, 3]; prāṇakṛcchra, danger of life, [Mahābhārata ii, 6; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]), [Ṛg-veda x, 52, 4; Nirukta, by Yāska; Aitareya-brāhmaṇa] etc.

5) ischury (= mūtra-k), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) bodily mortification, austerity, penance, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra; Manu-smṛti] etc.

7) a particular kind of religious penance, [Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya]

8) m. Name of Viṣṇu, [Mahābhārata xii, 12864]

9) m. (in [compound] with a perf. [Passive voice] p. [Pāṇini 2-1, 39; vi; 3, 2.])

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kṛcchra (कृच्छ्र):—[(cchraḥ-cchraṃ)] 1. m. n. Bodily pain, penance; trouble; a. Painful.

[Sanskrit to German]

Kricchra in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Kṛcchra (ಕೃಚ್ಛ್ರ):—

1) [adjective] inflicting pain, affliction, distress.

2) [adjective] not easy; difficult; involving trouble or requiring extra effort, skill or thought.

3) [adjective] wicked; sinful.

--- OR ---

Kṛcchra (ಕೃಚ್ಛ್ರ):—

1) [noun] difficulty a) the condition or fact of being difficult; b) something that is difficult, as a hard problem, an obstacle or objection.

2) [noun] a thing or circumstance that may cause injury, pain, loss, etc.; danger; peril.

3) [noun] an afflicted condition; suffering; affliction.

4) [noun] bodily mortification as fasting, self-denial, etc. as a penance.

5) [noun] a gift of money, land etc. to make amends or reparation for one’s wrongdoing or guilt.

6) [noun] a urinary disease causing pain while discharging urine.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 39 books and stories containing Kricchra, Kṛcchra, Krcchra; (plurals include: Kricchras, Kṛcchras, Krcchras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 11.158 < [Section XVII - Expiation for the Sin of taking Forbidden Food]

Verse 11.139 < [Section XV - Expiation for the killing of Cats and other Animals]

Verse 5.21 < [Section III - Penalty for eating Forbidden Food]

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Chapter XXVI

Chapter XXIII

Chapter XXVII

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Chapter 170 - The description of expiations for association with major sinners

Chapter 171 - Description of certain subtle expiations

Chapter 173 - Different expiations for different sins

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