Karaniya, Karaṇīya: 16 definitions

Introduction:

Karaniya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Karaniy.

In Hinduism

Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Karaṇīya (करणीय) represents the number 5 (five) in the “word-numeral system” (bhūtasaṃkhyā), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.—A system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 5—karaṇīya] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the Śāstras, connote numbers.

Ganitashastra book cover
context information

Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Karaṇīya (करणीय) refers to “that which should be done”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [After the Nāgas were pacified by the Heart-dhāraṇī]: “Then the Bhagavān praised those Nāga chiefs, ‘Well done, well done, O Serpent chiefs. You should act (karaṇīya) like this. You should protect Jambudvīpa with good protection [...]’”.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

[«previous next»] — Karaniya in Pali glossary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

karaṇīya : (adj.) ought to be done. (nt.), duty; obligation.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Karaṇīya, (grd. of karoti) 1. adj. (a) that ought to be, must or should be done, to be done, to be made (=kātabbaṃ karaṇârahaṃ KhA 236) Vin. I, 58; D. I, 3, cp. Miln. 183; A. V, 210; DA. I, 7. Often —° in the sense of “doing, making, ” as yathā kāma° S. II, 226; cp. IV. 91, 159; “having business” bahu° D. II, 76; A. III, 116; S. II, 215; anukampa° PvA. 61: — (b) done, in the sense of undoing, i.e. overcome, undone D. II, 76 cp. Dial. II. 81 n.—2. (m.) one who has still something left to perform (for the attainment of Arahantship, a sekha J. III, 23.—3. (nt.) (a) what ought to be done, duty, obligation; affairs, business D. I, 85; II, 68, 74 cp. A. IV, 16; M. I, 271; S. III, 168; IV, 281 cp. Vin. III, 12; Vin. I, 139; A. I, 58; Sn. 143; Sn. p. 32 (yan te karanīyaṃ taṃ karohi “do what you have to do”);— °ṃ tīreti to conclude a business Vin. II. 158; J. V, 298. Kataṃ °ṃ done is what was to be done, I have done my task, in frequent formula “khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ ... ” to mark the attainment of Arahantship D. I, 84; II, 68=153; Th. 2, 223; Vin. I, 14; Sn. p. 16; DA. I, 226, etc. See Arahant II. C. ‹-› There are 3 duties each of a samaṇa, farmer and householder enumerated at A. I, 229; 3 of a bhikkhu A. I, 230;— (b) use, need (with Instr.): appamādena k° S. IV, 125; cetanāya k° A. V, 2, 312; cp. Miln. 5, 78. akaraṇīya 1. (adj.) (a) what ought not to be done, prohibited A. I, 58; III, 208=DA. I, 235.—(b) incapable of being done (c. Gen.) It. 18.—(c) improper, not befitting (c. Gen.) Vin. I, 45=216=III, 20; PvA. 64.—(d) not to be “done, ” i.e. not to be overcome or defeated D. II, 76; A. IV, 113;— (e) having nothing to do Vin. I, 154. ‹-› 2. (nt.) a forbidden matter, prohibition Vin. II, 278 ‹-› sa° 1. having business, busy Vin. I, 155;— 2. one who has still something to do (in sense of above 2) D. II, 143; Th. 1, 1045; DA. I, 9. (Page 196)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

karaṇīya (करणीय).—a S (Proper or fit) to be done.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Karaṇīya (करणीय).—(nt.; = Pali id.; rare in Sanskrit, but compare [Boehtlingk] 2.297), affair, business, duty (thing to be done, fundamentally gdve.): deva-karaṇīyeṣu Mahāvastu i.32.12 (gods occupied) in affairs, matters of business, of the gods; see sa-karaṇīya; probably here also cakṣu-karaṇīyā Mahāvastu iii.331.8, 10, 15, jñāna- kar° 11 (of the madhyamā pratipadā), having insight (knowledge) as its business, i.e. cause of insight (knowledge); in Pali parallels cakkhu-karaṇī, ñāna-karaṇī.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Karaṇīya (करणीय).—mfn.

(-yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) To be done or made. E. kṛ to do, anīyar aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Karaṇīya (करणीय).—[adjective] to be done or caused; [neuter] affair, matter, business.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Karaṇīya (करणीय):—[from kara] mfn. to be done or made or effected etc., [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa etc.]

2) [v.s. ...] n. an affair, business, matter, [Raghuvaṃśa]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Karaṇīya (करणीय):—[(yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) a.] That may or should or ought to be done.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Kāraṇīya (कारणीय) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kāraṇijja.

[Sanskrit to German]

Karaniya in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«previous next»] — Karaniya in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Karaṇīya (करणीय) [Also spelled karaniy]:—(a) worth doing.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Kāraṇiya (कारणिय) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Kāraṇika.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Karaṇīya (ಕರಣೀಯ):—

1) [adjective] that is to be done.

2) [adjective] fit to be done.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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