Kapardin, Kapardī, Kapardi: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Kapardin means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjikāmata-tantraKapardī (कपर्दी) refers to “wearing knotted hair”:—One of the nine Dūtī presided over by one of the nine bhaivaravas named Kapāla (emanation of Ananta, who is the central presiding deity of Dūtīcakra), according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra and the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā. The names of these nine Dūtīs seem to express their involvement in yogic practices.
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚaivismKapardi (कपर्दि) is the Sanskrit name of a deity presiding over Jāṅgala, one of the sixty-eight places hosting a svāyambhuvaliṅga, which is one of the most sacred of liṅgas according to the Śaivāgamas. The list of sixty-eight svāyambhuvaliṅgas and presiding deities (e.g., Kapardi) is found in the commentary on the Jirṇoddhāra-daśaka by Nigamajñānadeva. The word liṅga refers to a symbol used in the worship of Śiva and is used thoughout Śaiva literature, such as the sacred Āgamas.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚāktismKapardī (कपर्दी) refers to “He of Matted Locks”:—One of the male offspring from Mahākālī (tamas-form of Mahādevī). Mahākālī is one of the three primary forms of Devī, the other two being Mahālakṣmī and Mahāsarasvatī. Not to be confused with Kālī, she is a more powerful cosmic aspect (vyaṣṭi) of Devi and represents the guṇa (universal energy) named tamas. Also see the Devī Māhātmya, a Sanskrit work from the 5th century, incorporated into the Mārkaṇḍeya-Purāṇa.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: Agni PurāṇaKapardī (कपर्दी):—One of the Eleven Rudras (ekādaśa-rudra), according to the Agni-purāṇa. The Agni Purāṇa is a religious text containing details on Viṣṇu’s different incarnations (avatar), but also deals with various cultural subjects such as Cosmology, Grammar and Astrology.
Source: Wisdom Library: Skanda-puranaKapardin (कपर्दिन्) is the name of a gaṇa (attendant of Śiva), mentioned in the Skandapurāṇa 4.2.53. In this chapter, Śiva (Giriśa) summons his attendants (gaṇas) and ask them to venture towards the city Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) in order to find out what the yoginīs, the sun-god, Vidhi (Brahmā) were doing there.
While the gaṇas such as Kapardin were staying at Kāśī, they were desirous but unable of finding a weakness in king Divodaśa who was ruling there. Kāśī is described as a fascinating place beyond the range of Giriśa’s vision, and as a place where yoginīs become ayoginīs, after having come in contact with it. Kāśī is described as having both the power to destroy great delusion, as well as creating it.
The Skandapurāṇa narrates the details and legends surrounding numerous holy pilgrimages (tīrtha-māhātmya) throughout India. It is the largest Mahāpurāṇa composed of over 81,000 metrical verses, with the core text dating from the before the 4th-century CE.
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaKapardī (कपर्दी).—One of the eleven Rudras. According to Agni Purāṇa the Ekādaśa Rudras (eleven Rudras) are the following: Hara, Bahurūpa, Tryambaka, Aparājita, Vṛṣākapi, Śambhu, Kapardī, Raivata, Mṛgavyādha, Sarpa and Kapālī. (Chapter 18, Agni Purāṇa).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationKapardin (कपर्दिन्) refers to “one having matted hair” and is used to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.43 (“Description of Śiva’s wonderful sport”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada: “[...] O sage, on seeing the innumerable Gaṇas, Bhūtas and Pretas, Menakā was terribly frightened instantaneously. On seeing Śiva in their midst, the mother of Pārvatī trembled. [...] . He had matted hair (kapardin) with the crescent moon on His head. He had ten hands with the skull in one of them. His upper cloth was tiger’s hide. He held the bow Pināka in one of his hands and the Trident in another. He had odd eyes, ugly features utterly dishevelled and untidy. He wore the hide of an elephant”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexKapardin (कपर्दिन्).—A name of Śiva;1 a Rudra.2
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 25. 68; III. 25. 12; IV. 34. 27.
- 2) Matsya-purāṇa 171. 39; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 15. 122.
Kapardi (कपर्दि) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. XIV.8.12, XIV.8) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kapardi) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical studyKapardin (कपर्दिन्) is the name of an ancient Śiva devotee, according to the Skandapurāṇa (IV.54.12-74).—The Skandapurāṇa relates the legend associated with Piśācamocana thus: “Once, long ago, there was a devotee of Śiva named Kapardin. He established a liṅga outside Kāśī and built a kuṇḍa called Vimalodaka. A Pāśupata named Vālmīki began practising penance at the kuṇḍa. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Sreenivasaraos blog: Bodhayana the Vrttikara – Part One1) Kapardin is a peculiar name. It does not seem to be the proper name of the person. It is a descriptive term. Kapardin indicates one who has matted, braided hair or hair twisted into a bun on top (Kaparda—kapardi). Rudra is often addressed as Kapardin. And, it seems during the Vedic times some men and women sported braids or plaits of hair. For instance; a woman having four plaits of hair was called Chatush-kapardin; and, the Vasithas wearing their hair in a plait on the right side were known as Dakshinatas-kaparda.
2) It is also said; a certain Kapardin (Ca. 800-25 A.D.) assisted a Rashtrakuta Chieftain in extending his rule in the region due to which act the region came to be known in his honour as Kapardika–Dvipa or Kavadi–Dvipa. The term Kapardika Dvipa occurs in the inscriptions of the Kadamba Kings who ruled over Goa and Banavasi region of North Karnataka. Some surmise that the name of the strip along the west coast – Konkan, may have derived from Kapardika.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka MaṇḍalaKapardī (कपर्दी) is the name of a Ḍākinī who, together with the Vīra (hero) named Kaparda forms one of the 36 pairs situated in the Jalacakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the jalacakra refers to one of the three divisions of the saṃbhoga-puṭa (‘enjoyment layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. The 36 pairs of Ḍākinīs [viz., Kapardī] and Vīras are white in color; the shapes of their faces are in accordance with their names; they have four arms; they hold a skull bowl, a skull staff, a small drum, and a knife..
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Source: What is India: Inscriptions of the ŚilāhārasKapardin (I) (कपर्दिन्) is the name of king from the Śīlāra dynasty mentioned in the “Prince of Wales museum plates of Chadvaideva”.—Accordingly, “In the family known as Śīlāra there shone the king Kapardin (I), who by his arms vanquished the god of love and who, having churned the ocean, namely, his enemies, bore royal fortune in the form of his golden bracelet... His son was named Pulaśakti, who resembled Pṛthu and was famous like Arjuna. His prowess was well known on the earth. To the feet of that king all his feudatories paid obeisance”.
Kapardin (II) is also mentioned in the same grant. Accordingly, “To Pulaśakti was born a son, also known as Kapardin (i.e. Kapardin II), who became a king. After him was Vappuvana of unmeasured prowess, who ruled over the circle of the earth”.
These copper plates (mentioning Kapardin) were in the collection of George Da Gunha and was purchased by the Trustees of the Prince of Wales Museum, Bombay, in 1919. The inscription refers itself to the reign of the Śīlāra (i.e. Śilāhāra) Mahāsāmanta Chadvaideva of North Koṅkaṇ. The object of it is to record that Chadvaideva executed the grant which had been made by Vajjaḍadeva, the son of Goggi, who, as shown below, was Chadvaideva’s elder brother and predecessor on the throne.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryKapardī.—(EI 9; CII 4), a cowrie-shell used as coin. Note: kapardī is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
See also (synonyms): Kapardikā.
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Kapardī.—same as kapardikā, kapardaka, etc. Note: kapardī is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKapardin (कपर्दिन्).—a. [kaparda-ini]
1) Shaggy.
2) Wearing braided and matted hair. -m. Name of Śiva; पुष्पोपहारं शनकैः करिष्यामि कपर्दिनः (puṣpopahāraṃ śanakaiḥ kariṣyāmi kapardinaḥ) Rām.7.31.34.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryKapardin (कपर्दिन्).—name of a nāga: (Ārya-)Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa 454.15.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKapardin (कपर्दिन्).—i. e. kaparda + in, m. A name of Śiva, Mahābhārata 3, 1624.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKapardin (कपर्दिन्).—[adjective] wearing braided or knotted hair (v. kaparda), shaggy (of a bull); [masculine] [Epithet] of Śiva etc.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kapardin (कपर्दिन्):—[from kaparda] mfn. wearing braided and knotted hair (like the cowrie shell), [Ṛg-veda; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā] (said of Rudra, Pūṣan, etc.)
2) [v.s. ...] shaggy, [Ṛg-veda x, 102, 8]
3) [v.s. ...] m. Name of Śiva, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra; Mahābhārata] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] of one of the eleven Rudras, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
5) [v.s. ...] of a Yakṣa, [Śatruṃjaya-māhātmya]
6) [v.s. ...] of an author, [Sāyaṇa on Ṛg-veda i, 60, 1]
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kapardin (कपर्दिन्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Kayaḍḍi, Kavaḍḍi.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKapardi (ಕಪರ್ದಿ):—
1) [noun] Śiva.
2) [noun] (pros.) the sign for a long unit '-'.
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Kapardi (ಕಪರ್ದಿ):—[noun] = ಕಪರ್ದ - [kaparda -] 1.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Kapardī (कपर्दी):—n. Mythol. an epithet of the God Shiva;
2) Kapardī (कपर्दी):—n. kabaddi;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Kapardini, Kapardinimurchana, Kapardinimurchhana.
Ends with: Bhatta kapardin, Trikapardin.
Full-text (+24): Kapardikarika, Kapardisvamin, Kapardibhashya, Kapardika, Kaparda, Kapartti, Vappuvanna, Kapardishalinga, Kapardishvaratirtha, Kapardini, Kayaddi, Kavaddi, Trikapardin, Bhatta kapardin, Drapa, Darshapurnamasasutra, Pulashakti, Vimalodaka, Jangala, Vrishakapi.
Relevant text
Search found 24 books and stories containing Kapardin, Kapardī, Kapardi; (plurals include: Kapardins, Kapardīs, Kapardis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rudra-Shiva concept (Study) (by Maumita Bhattacharjee)
2.16. Rudra as Kapardin < [Chapter 6a - The Epithets of Rudra-Śiva]
42. Number of Rudra < [Chapter 5 - Rudra-Śiva in the Purāṇic Literature]
1. Epithets and Attributes of Rudra-Śiva (Introduction) < [Chapter 6a - The Epithets of Rudra-Śiva]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 38 - Kapardi-Vināyaka < [Section 1 - Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 141 - Greatness of Kapardicintāmaṇi (Kapardi-cintāmaṇi) < [Section 1 - Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 26 - The Glory of Mandākinī-Kṣetra < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]
The Matsya Purana (critical study) (by Kushal Kalita)
Part 2.2 - Different names of Śiva < [Chapter 4 - Religious aspects of the Matsyapurāṇa]
Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 2: Minerals (uparasa) (by Bhudeb Mookerjee)
Part 2 - Purification of kapardi (cowri) < [Chapter XIX - Uparasa (20a): Kapardi or Kapardaka (cowri or marine shells)]
Part 3 - Incineration of kapardi (cowrie) < [Chapter XIX - Uparasa (20a): Kapardi or Kapardaka (cowri or marine shells)]
Chapter XIX - Uparasa (20a): Kapardi or Kapardaka (cowri or marine shells)
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.102.8 < [Sukta 102]
The Religion and Philosophy of Tevaram (Thevaram) (by M. A. Dorai Rangaswamy)
Nayanar 70-71: Sadaiya (Cataiyanar) and Isaignaniyaar (Icainaniyar) < [Volume 4.1.1 - A comparative study of the Shaivite saints the Thiruthondathogai]