Du, Dū, Dù, Dú, Dǔ: 70 definitions
Introduction:
Du means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Du (दु).—A technical term in the Jainendra Vyakarana for the term वृद्ध (vṛddha) which is used in Panini's grammar and which is defined by Panini in the rule वृद्धिर्यस्याचामादिस्तद् वृद्धम् (vṛddhiryasyācāmādistad vṛddham) P. I. 1.73.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 度 [du]—The five Indias, or five regions of India, idem 五天竺 [wu tian zhu] q. v.
2) 杜 [du]—Stop, prevent; azalea.
3) 妬 [du]—Jealous, envious.
4) 毒 [du]—Poison.
5) 度 [du]—pāramitā, 波羅蜜 [bo luo mi]; intp. by 渡 [du] to ferry over; to save. The mortal life of reincarnations is the sea; nirvana is the other shore; v. pāramitā, 波 [bo]. Also, to leave the world as a monk or nun, such is a 度得 [du de] or 度者 [du zhe].
6) 獨 [du]—Only, alone, solitary.
7) 篤 [du]—Sincere; serious; consolidate.
8) 覩 [du]—To look at, see.
9) 闍 [du]—Translit. c, j, k, g, sounds.
10) 犢 [du]—vatsa; a calf, young animal, offspring, child.
11) 讀 [du]—To read; a comma, full stop.
12) 髑 [du]—A skull 髑髏 [du lou].
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
度 [du]—(dù)—[Term] Also written as 渡 [du] (dù). Life and death (生死 [sheng si]) are likened to a sea; to cross the sea of life and death oneself and then help others cross it is called . Furthermore, the Sanskrit (梵語 [fan yu]) word Pāramitā (波羅蜜 [bo luo mi]) is translated as , referring to the practice of crossing the sea of life and death.
度—【術語】渡也。生死譬海，自渡生死海又渡人，謂之度。又梵語波羅蜜，譯曰度。渡生死海之行法也。
[shù yǔ] dù yě. shēng sǐ pì hǎi, zì dù shēng sǐ hǎi yòu dù rén, wèi zhī dù. yòu fàn yǔ bō luó mì, yì yuē dù. dù shēng sǐ hǎi zhī xíng fǎ yě.
[shu yu] du ye. sheng si pi hai, zi du sheng si hai you du ren, wei zhi du. you fan yu bo luo mi, yi yue du. du sheng si hai zhi xing fa ye.
1) 渡 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to carry out; uttārayati”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: uttārayati, Japanese: to (BCSD '渡 [du]', p. 736; Edgerton 'uttārayati', p. 124; Unihan '渡 [du]').
2) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adjective] “alone; eka”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: eka, Japanese: doku, or: toku (BCSD '獨 [du]', p. 817; MW 'eka'; SH '獨 [du]', p. 448; Unihan '獨 [du]')..
3) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [noun] “poison; viṣa”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: viṣa; Japanese: doku, or: toku, Tibetan: dug (BCSD '毒 [du]', p. 696; Mahāvyutpatti 'viṣam'; SH '每 [mei]', p. 265; Unihan '每 [mei]')..
4) 犢 t = 犊 s = dú p refers to [noun] “calf; vatsa”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: vatsa, Japanese: toku (BCSD '犢 [du]', p. 812; MW 'vatsa'; SH '犢 [du]', p. 471; Unihan '犢 [du]')..
5) 覩 ts = dǔ p refers to [verb] “see; darśana”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: darśana, Japanese: to (BCSD '覩 [du]', p. 1061; MW 'darśana'; SH '覩 [du]', p. 450; Unihan '覩 [du]')..
6) 妬 ts = dù p refers to [adjective] “envious; īrṣyā”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: īrṣyā, Japanese: to (BCSD '妬 [du]', p. 360; MW 'īrṣyā'; SH '妬 [du]', p. 254; Unihan '妬 [du]')..
7) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to [verb] “read; recite; pathati”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: pāṭha, Japanese: toku, or: tou, or: doku (BCSD '讀 [du]', p. 1101; MW 'pāṭha'; SH '讀 [du]', p. 487; Unihan '讀 [du]')..
8) 度 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “pāramitā; perfection”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: pāramitā, Pali: pāramī; Japanese: do, or: taku a pāramitā is the perfection or culmination of certain virtues. In the Mahāyāna tradition a pāramitā is a virtue practiced by a bodhisattva on the path to enlightenment. Another explanation is reaching the other shore The word is derived from the Sanskrit parama 'highest' or 'supreme'. The most common enumeration in the Mahāyāna tradition is 六度 [liu du] 'six pāramitās' and the most common in the Theravāda tradition is the ten pāramīs. The Mahāyāna tradition also extends the six pāramitās to ten 十波羅蜜 [shi bo luo mi], although they are different from the Theravāda list (BCSD '度 [du]', p. 427; BL 'pāramitā', p. 624; Shambhala 'pāramitā'; FGDB '波羅蜜 [bo luo mi]'; JEBD 'Do', p. 50; Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 4c)...
9) 度 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “ordination”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 4a, pp. 93-94)..
10) 度 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “liberate; ferry; mokṣa”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: mokṣa, or: pramokṣa; as in 度脫 [du tuo] (BCSD '度 [du]', pp. 427-428; MW 'mokṣa'; SH '度 [du]', p. 310)..
11) 闍 t = 阇 s = dū p refers to [phonetic] “jha”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: jha, Japanese: to, or: ja (BCSD '闍 [du]', p. 1200; SH '闍 [du]', p. 463; Unihan '闍 [du]')..
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
India history and geography
Dū.—(IE 8-1; LP), abbreviation of Dūtaka. Note: dū is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Du in Senegal is the name of a plant defined with Mitragyna inermis in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Nauclea africana Willd. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2004)
· Genera Plantarum (1789)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2005)
· Journal of the Arnold Arboretum (1944)
· Boissiera (1988)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Du, for example chemical composition, extract dosage, side effects, pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
1) Du°, 2 in cpds. meaning two°; see dvi B II. (Page 324)
2) Du°, 1 (& before vowels dur°) (indecl.) (Sk. duḥ & duṣ=Gr. duζ—, Oir. du-, Ohg. zur-, zer-; antithetic prefix, generally opposed to su°=Gr. eu)— etc. Ultimately identical with du2 in sense of asunder, apart, away from= opposite or wrong) 1. syllable of exclamation (=duḥ) “bad, woe” (beginning the word du (j) —jīvitaṃ) DhA.II, 6, 10=PvA.280, cp. J.III, 47; Bdhgh’s explanation of the syllable see at Vism.494.—2. prefix, implying perverseness, difficulty, badness (cp. dukkha). Original form *duḥ is preserved at dur- before vowels, but assimilated to a foll. consonant according to the rules of Assimilation, i.e. the cons. is doubled, with changes of v to bb & usual lengthening dū before r (but also du°). For purposes of convenience all cpds. with du° are referred to the simplex, e.g. dukkaṭa is to be looked up under kata, duggati under gati etc.
See: A. dur°. akkhāta, accaya, atikkama, atta, adhiroha, anta, annaya, abhisambhava; āgata, ājāna, āyuta, āsada; itthi; ukkhepa, ubbaha.—B. du°: (k)kata, kara; (g)ga, gata, gati, gandha, gahīta; (c)caja, carita, cola; (j)jaha, jāna, jivha, jīvita; (t)tappaya, tara; (d)dama, dasika; (n)naya, nikkhaya, nikkhitta, niggaha, nijjhāpaya, nibbedha, nīta; (p)pañña, paṭiānaya, paṭinissaggin, paṭipadā, paṭivijjha, paṭivedha, pabhajja, pamuñca, pameyya, parihāra, payāta, pasu, peyya, posa; (p)phassa; (bb=b): bala, balika, budha; (bb=v): dubbaca=) vaca, vacana, vaṇṇa, vijāna, vidū, vinivijjha, visodha, vuṭṭhika; (b) bhaga, bhara, bhāsita, bhikkha; (m)mati, mana, maṅku, mukha, mejjha, medha; (y)yiṭṭha, yuja, yutta; (du+r)=du-ratta, ropaya (dū+r): dū-rakkha; (l)labha; (s)saddhapaya, sassa, saha, sīla; hara. (Page 324)
du (ဒု)—
[Pali to Burmese]
du—
(Burmese text): ဗျည်းနှင့် ဥ-သရ ယှဉ်တွဲပေါင်းစပ်ရွတ်ဆိုအပ်သော ဒု(ဒုးသံ)-သဒ္ဒါ။ ယင်းသည် (၁) ဥပသာရ။ (၂) ဓာတ်၊ (၃) အာဒေသ၊ ဒု-ဟု ၃-မျိုးရှိ၏။ မူရင်းကြည့်ပါ။
တိပိ၊၁၀၊၅၇၆+၅၇၇
(Auto-Translation): Dhu (Dhu sounds) - is a verse that combines Bya and U-Tha. It consists of (1) Upadhara, (2) Dhat, and (3) Arada with three types of Dhu. Please refer to the original. Tipi, 10, 576 + 577
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
ḍū (डू).—ad Imit. of the grunt of an eager hog.
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ḍū (डू).—m f ḍūba m Copiousness, profusion, exceeding abundance. v hō, gāja, māja, māta.
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du (दु).—The form assumed in comp. by dōna Two; also by dur. Some such compounds are inserted; but the learner must be prepared to hear in speech hundreds which are omitted.
ḍu (डु).—mf ḍūba m Copiousness, profusion, ex- ceeding abundance.
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ḍū (डू).—or
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Du (दु).—I. 5 P. (dunoti, duta or dūna)
1) To burn, consume with fire; स भस्मसाच्चकारारीन्दुदाव च कृतान्तवत् (sa bhasmasāccakārārīndudāva ca kṛtāntavat) Bhaṭṭikāvya 14.85.
2) To torment, afflict, distress; उद्भासीनि जलेजानि दुन्वन्त्य- दयितं जनम् (udbhāsīni jalejāni dunvantya- dayitaṃ janam) Bhaṭṭikāvya 6.74;5.98;17.99; (mukham) तव विश्रान्तकथं दुनोति माम् (tava viśrāntakathaṃ dunoti mām) R.8.55.
3) To pain, produce sorrow; वर्ण- प्रकर्षे सति कर्णिकारं दुनोति निर्गन्धतया स्म चेतः (varṇa- prakarṣe sati karṇikāraṃ dunoti nirgandhatayā sma cetaḥ) Kumārasambhava 3.28.
4) (Intrans.) To be afflicted or pained; देहि सुन्दरि दर्शनं मम मन्मथेन दुनोमि (dehi sundari darśanaṃ mama manmathena dunomi) Gītagovinda 3.7. -Pass. (or 4 Ā. according to some) To be afflicted or pained &c.; नायातः सखि निर्दयो यदि शठस्त्वं दूति किं दूयसे (nāyātaḥ sakhi nirdayo yadi śaṭhastvaṃ dūti kiṃ dūyase) Gītagovinda 7; Kumārasambhava 5.12,48; R.1.7; 16.21. -II. 1 P. (davati) To go, move.
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Dū (दू).—4 Ā. (dūyate, dūna)
1) To be afflicted, suffer pain, be sorry; न दूये सात्वतीसूनुर्यन्मह्यमपराध्यति (na dūye sātvatīsūnuryanmahyamaparādhyati) Śiśupālavadha 2.11; कथमथ वञ्चयते जनमनुगतमसमशरज्वरदूनम् (kathamatha vañcayate janamanugatamasamaśarajvaradūnam) Gītagovinda 8. 'afflicted or distressed &c.' see दु (du) pass.
2) To give or cause pain.
Du (दु).—(°-) (= Pali id.) for Sanskrit dvi-, stem for numeral two, § 3.117, especially in cpds.: see duguṇa, dupadendra, durūpa, ekadukāye.
Du (दु).—r. 1st cl. (davati) To go, to move. (dunīti) r. 5th cl. (o, dū) oduṭu 1. To be in pain, to burn morally or figuratively. 2. To cause pain, anxiety, &c. 3. to burn, to heat. gatau bhvā0 pa0 aka0 aniṭ . upatāpe svā0 pa0 saka0 seṭ .
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Dū (दू).—[(o, ṅa) odūṅa] r. 4th cl. (dūyate) 1. To suffer or be consumed with pain. 2. To inflict pain or anxiety. divā0 ā0 aka0 seṭ .
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Dū (दू).—f.
(-dūḥ) Pain, distress. E. dū, and kvip aff.
Du (दु).—ii. 5, [Parasmaipada.] (also [Ātmanepada.], Mahābhārata 1, 3289), i. 4, dūya, [Ātmanepada.] (in epic poetry also [Parasmaipada.], Mahābhārata 4, 591). 1. To burn morally or figuratively, to be in pain, Mahābhārata 3, 10069; [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 3, 9; Mahābhārata 3, 1371. 2. To burn, to afflict, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 3, 14, 9. Ptcple. of the pf. pass. 1. dūna, Suffering pain, [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 8, 7. 2. duta, Tormented, [Śiśupālavadha] 6, 59.
— With the prep. ā ā, To grieve, Mahābhārata 1, 3289 (ii. 5, Atm.).
— With pari pari, 1. To burn violently, Mahābhārata 6, 5779. 2. To suffer pain, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 35, 34.
— With pra pra, 1. To be consumed by fire, Mahābhārata 13, 1800 (i. 4). 2. To torment, [Suśruta] 1, 18, 5 (ii. 5).
— With vi vi, To suffer pain, Mahābhārata 1, 3289 (ii. 5, [Ātmanepada.]); 2171 (i. 4, [Parasmaipada.]).
— Cf. dāva, etc., probably also
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Du (दु).—i. 1, [Parasmaipada.] To go, to move.
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Dū (दू).— = 1. du.
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Dū (दू).—[dū-], for dus, before following r; cf. dūrakṣya under rakṣ.
Du (दु).—1. dunoti (dunvate) [participle] dūna q.v. (& duta) burn, grieve (tr. & [intransitive]); [Passive] dūyate (ti) only [intransitive] [Causative] dāvayati = [Simple] tr.
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Du (दु).—2. = 1 div; only daviṣāṇi.
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Dū (दू).—[feminine] = 1 duvas.
1) Du (दु):—1. du (or dū) [class] 1. [Parasmaipada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxii, 46]) davati ([perfect tense] dudāva; [future] doṣyati, dotā; [Aorist] adāvīt or adauṣīt, [Vopadeva]),
—to go:—[Causal] dāvayati or davayati (See sub voce) Actually occurring only in [subjunctive] [Aorist] daviṣāṇi, [Ṛg-veda x, 34, 5], ‘na d ebhih’, (?) I will not go id est. have intercourse with them (the dice). cf. δύω, δύνω, δεύομαι.
2) Dū (दू):—1a (or du) [class] 1. [Parasmaipada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxii, 46]) davati ([perfect tense] dudāva; [future] doṣyati, dotā; [Aorist] adāvīt or adauṣīt, [Vopadeva]),
2) —to go:—[Causal] dāvayati or davayati (See sub voce) Actually occurring only in [subjunctive] [Aorist] daviṣāṇi, [Ṛg-veda x, 34, 5], ‘na d ebhih’, (?) I will not go id est. have intercourse with them (the dice). cf. δύω, δύνω, δεύομαι.
3) Du (दु):—2. du (also written dū), [class] 5. [Parasmaipada] [class] 4. [Ātmanepada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxvii, 10; xxvi, 24]) dunoti, dūyate ([Epic] also ti; [perfect tense] dudāva; [future] doṣyati; [Aorist] adauṣīt; [infinitive mood] dotum),
—to be burnt, to be consumed with internal heat or sorrow (Pres. dunoti, [Mahābhārata iii, 10069; Bhāgavata-purāṇa iii, 2, 17; Gīta-govinda iii, 9] ; but oftener dūyate, which is at once [Passive voice]), [Mahābhārata; Suśruta; Kāvya literature] etc.;
— (only dunoti) to burn, consume with fire, cause internal heat, pain, or sorrow, afflict, distress, [Atharva-veda ix, 4, 18; Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Kāvya literature] :—[Causal] dāvayati [Aorist] adūduvat:—[Desiderative] dudūṣati:—[Intensive] dodūyate, dodoti.
4) cf. δαίω. for δαϝιω; δύη, pain; Lit. davyti, to torment; Sl. daviti, to worry.
5) Dū (दू):—2a (also written du), [class] 5. [Parasmaipada] [class] 4. [Ātmanepada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxvii, 10; xxvi, 24]) dunoti, dūyate ([Epic] also ti; [perfect tense] dudāva; [future] doṣyati; [Aorist] adauṣīt; [infinitive mood] dotum),
—to be burnt, to be consumed with internal heat or sorrow (Pres. dunoti, [Mahābhārata iii, 10069; Bhāgavata-purāṇa iii, 2, 17; Gīta-govinda iii, 9] ; but oftener dūyate, which is at once [Passive voice]), [Mahābhārata; Suśruta; Kāvya literature] etc.;
— (only dunoti) to burn, consume with fire, cause internal heat, pain, or sorrow, afflict, distress, [Atharva-veda ix, 4, 18; Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Kāvya literature] :—[Causal] dāvayati [Aorist] adūduvat:—[Desiderative] dudūṣati:—[Intensive] dodūyate, dodoti.
6) cf. δαίω. for δαϝιω; δύη, pain; Lit. davyti, to torment; Sl. daviti, to worry.
7) [from dur] 1b in [compound] for dus above.
8) 2b f. ([from] √2. du) pain, distress.
9) 3. dū = 2. duvas, only [nominative case] [accusative] [plural] duvas, [Ṛg-veda] (cf. a-dū).
1) Du (दु):—davati 1. a. To go. (na, o, ṭu) dunoti 5. a. To pain; to burn.
2) Dū (दू):—(o, ṅa) dūyate 4. a. To suffer; or to inflict pain.
3) (dūḥ) 3. f. Pain, distress.
Du (दु):—
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Du (दु):—2. , davati gehen, sich bewegen [DHĀTUP. 22, 46]; dudavitha, duduvivaḥ adāvīt und adauṣīt [Vopadeva’s Grammatik 8, 96. 46.] partic. dūna [Siddhāntakaumudī] zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher.8,2.44, Vārttika von Kātyāyana.2.] — Vgl. dru .
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Dū (दू):—1. s. 1. du .
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Dū (दू):—2. (= 1. dū)
1) adj. viell. vor Eile brennend in adū . —
2) f. Leid, Schmerz; dūda Schmerz verursachend [Wilson’s Wörterbuch]
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Du (दु):—1.
1) dūyante na ca te yathā svapitarau ghnanto pi śāntatrapāḥ Gewissensbisse empfinden [Spr. 3948. Z. 10] lies hṛdayam st. hvadayam . — pra vgl. pradavya und pradāvya .
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Du (दु):—3. = 1. div spielen in der Form daviṣāṇi [Ṛgveda 10, 34,] [?5; vgl.] ṣṭhu = ṣṭhiv weiter unten.
Du (दु):—1. —
1) intrans. dunoti ([Medinikośa. ] mit ā und vi) und dūyate (episch auch dūyati) brennen , vor innerer Hitze vergehen , sich verzehren , vor Kummer — , vor Trauer vergehen , Gewissensbisse empfinden. —
2) trans. dunoti und davati brennen , durch Brand Schmerzen verursachen in innere Glut — , in Feuer — , in Trauer versetzen , hart mitnehmen. —
3) Partic. dūna und duta (nur [Śiśupālavadha]) gebrannt , in Glut — , in Unruhe versetzt , mitgenommen , gequält. — Caus. dāvayati = 2). — Mit abhi brennen , durch Brand Schmerzen verursachen. — Mit ā sich verzehren , sich abhärmen. *Partic. ādūna. — Mit pari heftig brennen , sich verzehren , sich abhärmen. — Mit pra —
1) verbrennen (intrans.). —
2) Quälen , beunruhigen , zusetzen. — Mit vi —
1) sich verzehren , sich abhärmen [Mahābhārata 1,58,6.] —
2) durch Brand beschädigen , — zerstören.
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Du (दु):—2. = ^1. div würfeln. Nur in der Form daviṣāṇi.
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Du (दु):—3. , davati ( gatau). Partic. dūna.
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Dū (दू):—1. s. 1. du.
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Dū (दू):—2. f. Leid , Schmerz. dūda Adj. Schmerz verursachend.
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Dū (दू):—3. = ^1. duvas. Nur Nom. Pl. duvas [Ṛgveda (roth). 1,37,14.] Vgl. adū.
Du (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 毀犯 [huǐ fàn]: “violate [the precepts”.
Note: du can be alternatively written as: duḥ.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Du (दु):——an allomorph of [do] used as the first member in numerous compound words; ~[annī] a two-anna coin; ~[amlī] see [rāja; ~āba (~ābā)] a tract of land lying in between two rivers; ~[gānā] a duet; ~[gunā] double; two-fold; ~[cittā] double-minded; irresolute, uncertain; ~[taraphā] bilateral, two-sided; ~[tallā] double-storeyed; ~[dhārā] double-edged; ~[dhārī] double-edged; ~[nālī] double-barrelled; ~[paṭṭā] a rochet, scarf, an overall cover cloth; ~[paliyā] having two folds, double-folded; a kind of cap; ~[pahara] noon, mid-day; ~[pahariyā] a small plant that grows red flowers; ~[paharī] see [pahara; ~phasalī] growing in both the crops—rabi: and kharif; indefinite, uncertain; ~[bārā] a second time, once again; ~[vidhā] uncertainty; suspense; ~[bhāṣiyā] an interpreter; ~[maṃjilā] double-storeyed; ~[māhī] bimonthly; ~[muṃhā] double-mouthed, double-tongued; ~[raṃgā] two-coloured; duplex, treacherous, equivocal; ~[rāja] diarchy; ~[rājī] diarchical government, diarchical system; ~[rukhā] double-sided; bilateral; ~[laḍā] double-stringed (necklace etc.); ~[lattī] two-legged kick, kick with the two hind legs (as by a horse or an ass); ~[śālā] a double shawl; shawl; ~[sūtī] a kind of thick cloth with double warp and woof; ~[hatthā] double-handed; fitted with two hands; ~[hatthī] a double-handed stroke; ~[harā] see [duharā; ~hājū] married a second time.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Du (दु) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Dvi.
2) Du (दु) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Dru.
3) Du (दु) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Dvis.
4) Du (दु) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Dur.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Du (ದು):—[noun] the number two.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
讀 [dú] [du]—
[Noun]
A place in a sentence where the meaning is incomplete and one must pause when reading. For example, "句 [ju]" (jùdòu). Also written as "逗 [dou]" (dòu).
讀：[名]
句中語意未完，讀時須停頓的地方。如：「句讀」。也作「逗」。
dú:[míng]
jù zhōng yǔ yì wèi wán, dú shí xū tíng dùn de de fāng. rú: “jù dú” . yě zuò “dòu” .
du:[ming]
ju zhong yu yi wei wan, du shi xu ting dun de de fang. ru: "ju du" . ye zuo "dou" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
毒 [dú] [du]—
[名 [ming]]
1. 禍害 [huo hai] (calamity/bane/harm).
《書經 [shu jing]．盤庚 [pan geng]》: "汝不和吉言于百姓 [ru bu he ji yan yu bai xing]，惟汝自生 [wei ru zi sheng]。" (You do not speak auspicious words to the people; you only bring forth harm upon yourselves.)
《後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷七八 [juan qi ba]．宦者列傳 [huan zhe lie chuan]．鄭眾 [zheng zhong]》: "凡稱善士 [fan cheng shan shi]，莫不離被災 [mo bu li bei zai]。" (Anyone praised as a good scholar inevitably suffered from calamity and harm.)
2. 會危害身體健康的物質 [hui wei hai shen ti jian kang de wu zhi] (substance harmful to health).
如 [ru]：「中 [zhong]」(poisoning).
晉 [jin]．潘岳 [pan yue]〈馬汧督誄 [ma qian du lei]〉: "而蜂蠆有 [er feng chai you]，驟失小利 [zhou shi xiao li]。" (But bees and scorpions have poison, quickly causing minor harm.)
3. 指品 [zhi pin] (refers to illicit drugs). 能讓人成癮並危害健康甚或生命的麻醉品 [neng rang ren cheng yin bing wei hai jian kang shen huo sheng ming de ma zui pin] (narcotics that can cause addiction and harm health or even life). 包括嗎啡 [bao kuo ma fei]、海洛因 [hai luo yin]、古柯鹼等 [gu ke jian deng] (including morphine, heroin, cocaine, etc.).
如 [ru]：「販 [fan]」(drug trafficking), 「吸 [xi]」(drug use/addiction), 「反運動 [fan yun dong]」(anti-drug campaign).
4. 比喻對思想意識有害的事物 [bi yu dui si xiang yi shi you hai de shi wu] (metaphor for things harmful to ideology/thought).
如 [ru]：「科舉遺 [ke ju yi]」(lingering harmful effects of the imperial examination system), 「封建餘 [feng jian yu]」(lingering harmful effects of feudalism).
[動 [dong]]
1. 怨恨 [yuan hen] (to resent/hate).
《列子 [lie zi]．湯問 [tang wen]》: "仙聖之 [xian sheng zhi]，訴之於帝 [su zhi yu di]。" (Immortals and sages resented him and complained to the Emperor.)
唐 [tang]．柳宗元 [liu zong yuan]〈捕蛇者說 [bu she zhe shuo]〉: "若之乎 [ruo zhi hu]？余將告於蒞事者 [yu jiang gao yu li shi zhe]，更若役 [geng ruo yi]，復若賦 [fu ruo fu]，則何如 [ze he ru]？" (Do you resent it? I will inform the official in charge to change your service and restore your taxes, how would that be?)
2. 傷害 [shang hai]、殘害 [can hai] (to harm/injure/torment).
如 [ru]：「荼 [tu]」(to torment/afflict).
唐 [tang]．杜甫 [du fu]〈夏夜歎 [xia ye tan]〉詩 [shi]: "永日不可暮 [yong ri bu ke mu]，炎蒸我腸 [yan zheng wo chang]。" (The long day cannot end, the scorching heat torments my insides.)
3. 用有物質害死或傷害 [yong you wu zhi hai si huo shang hai] (to poison to death or injure with a poisonous substance).
如 [ru]：「把人死了 [ba ren si le]」(to poison someone to death), 「用藥老鼠 [yong yao lao shu]」(to poison rats with medicine).
[形 [xing]]
1. 含有對健康或生命有危害物質的 [han you dui jian kang huo sheng ming you wei hai wu zhi de] (containing substances harmful to health or life).
如 [ru]：「品 [pin]」(poisonous substance/illicit drugs), 「藥 [yao]」(poison).
《後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷八六 [juan ba liu]．南蠻西南夷列傳 [nan man xi nan yi lie chuan]．西南夷 [xi nan yi]》: "招呼諸君長 [zhao hu zhu jun zhang]，多釀酒 [duo niang jiu]。" (They invited all the chieftains and brewed much poisonous wine.)
2. 本身含有素的 [ben shen han you su de] (inherently containing toxins).
如 [ru]：「蛇 [she]」(poisonous snake), 「草 [cao]」(poisonous plant).
3. 凶狠 [xiong hen]、猛烈 [meng lie] (fierce/vicious/malignant).
如 [ru]：「狠 [hen]」(vicious/malicious), 「虎不食子 [hu bu shi zi]」(even a tiger does not eat its cubs - implying extreme viciousness is unnatural).
《西遊記 [xi you ji]》第六五回 [di liu wu hui]: "我們到那廂 [wo men dao na xiang]，決不可擅入 [jue bu ke shan ru]，恐遭手 [kong zao shou]。" (When we reach that place, we must not enter without permission, for fear of suffering a vicious attack.)
[副 [fu]]
1. 狠狠地 [hen hen de] (fiercely/severely/maliciously).
如 [ru]：「打一頓 [da yi dun]」(to give a severe beating).
《初刻拍案驚奇 [chu ke pai an jing qi]》卷一三 [juan yi san]: "父親便將小的咬一口 [fu qin bian jiang xiao de yao yi kou]，咬落耳朵 [yao luo er duo]。" (The father then bit the child fiercely, biting off an ear.)
毒：[名]
1.禍害。《書經．盤庚》：「汝不和吉言于百姓，惟汝自生毒。」《後漢書．卷七八．宦者列傳．鄭眾》：「凡稱善士，莫不離被災毒。」
2.會危害身體健康的物質。如：「中毒」。晉．潘岳〈馬汧督誄〉：「而蜂蠆有毒，驟失小利。」
3.指毒品。能讓人成癮並危害健康甚或生命的麻醉品。包括嗎啡、海洛因、古柯鹼等。如：「販毒」、「吸毒」、「反毒運動」。
4.比喻對思想意識有害的事物。如：「科舉遺毒」、「封建餘毒」。
[動]
1.怨恨。《列子．湯問》：「仙聖毒之，訴之於帝。」唐．柳宗元〈捕蛇者說〉：「若毒之乎？余將告於蒞事者，更若役，復若賦，則何如？」
2.傷害、殘害。如：「荼毒」。唐．杜甫〈夏夜歎〉詩：「永日不可暮，炎蒸毒我腸。」
3.用有毒物質害死或傷害。如：「把人毒死了」、「用藥毒老鼠」。
[形]
1.含有對健康或生命有危害物質的。如：「毒品」、「毒藥」。《後漢書．卷八六．南蠻西南夷列傳．西南夷》：「招呼諸君長，多釀毒酒。」
2.本身含有毒素的。如：「毒蛇」、「毒草」。
3.凶狠、猛烈。如：「狠毒」、「虎毒不食子」。《西遊記》第六五回：「我們到那廂，決不可擅入，恐遭毒手。」
[副]
狠狠地。如：「毒打一頓」。《初刻拍案驚奇》卷一三：「父親便將小的毒咬一口，咬落耳朵。」
dú:[míng]
1. huò hài. < shū jīng． pán gēng>: “rǔ bù hé jí yán yú bǎi xìng, wéi rǔ zì shēng dú.” < hòu hàn shū． juǎn qī bā． huàn zhě liè chuán． zhèng zhòng>: “fán chēng shàn shì, mò bù lí bèi zāi dú.”
2. huì wēi hài shēn tǐ jiàn kāng de wù zhì. rú: “zhōng dú” . jìn． pān yuè 〈mǎ qiān dū lěi〉: “ér fēng chài yǒu dú, zhòu shī xiǎo lì.”
3. zhǐ dú pǐn. néng ràng rén chéng yǐn bìng wēi hài jiàn kāng shén huò shēng mìng de má zuì pǐn. bāo kuò ma fēi,, hǎi luò yīn,, gǔ kē jiǎn děng. rú: “fàn dú” ,, “xī dú” ,, “fǎn dú yùn dòng” .
4. bǐ yù duì sī xiǎng yì shí yǒu hài de shì wù. rú: “kē jǔ yí dú” ,, “fēng jiàn yú dú” .
[dòng]
1. yuàn hèn. < liè zi． tāng wèn>: “xiān shèng dú zhī, sù zhī yú dì.” táng． liǔ zōng yuán 〈bǔ shé zhě shuō〉: “ruò dú zhī hū? yú jiāng gào yú lì shì zhě, gèng ruò yì, fù ruò fù, zé hé rú?”
2. shāng hài,, cán hài. rú: “tú dú” . táng． dù fǔ 〈xià yè tàn〉 shī: “yǒng rì bù kě mù, yán zhēng dú wǒ cháng.”
3. yòng yǒu dú wù zhì hài sǐ huò shāng hài. rú: “bǎ rén dú sǐ le” ,, “yòng yào dú lǎo shǔ” .
[xíng]
1. hán yǒu duì jiàn kāng huò shēng mìng yǒu wēi hài wù zhì de. rú: “dú pǐn” ,, “dú yào” . < hòu hàn shū． juǎn bā liù． nán mán xī nán yí liè chuán． xī nán yí>: “zhāo hū zhū jūn zhǎng, duō niàng dú jiǔ.”
2. běn shēn hán yǒu dú sù de. rú: “dú shé” ,, “dú cǎo” .
3. xiōng hěn,, měng liè. rú: “hěn dú” ,, “hǔ dú bù shí zi” . < xī yóu jì> dì liù wǔ huí: “wǒ men dào nà xiāng, jué bù kě shàn rù, kǒng zāo dú shǒu.”
[fù]
hěn hěn de. rú: “dú dǎ yī dùn” . < chū kè pāi àn jīng qí> juǎn yī sān: “fù qīn biàn jiāng xiǎo de dú yǎo yī kǒu, yǎo luò ěr duǒ.”
du:[ming]
1. huo hai. < shu jing. pan geng>: "ru bu he ji yan yu bai xing, wei ru zi sheng du." < hou han shu. juan qi ba. huan zhe lie chuan. zheng zhong>: "fan cheng shan shi, mo bu li bei zai du."
2. hui wei hai shen ti jian kang de wu zhi. ru: "zhong du" . jin. pan yue
3. zhi du pin. neng rang ren cheng yin bing wei hai jian kang shen huo sheng ming de ma zui pin. bao kuo ma fei,, hai luo yin,, gu ke jian deng. ru: "fan du" ,, "xi du" ,, "fan du yun dong" .
4. bi yu dui si xiang yi shi you hai de shi wu. ru: "ke ju yi du" ,, "feng jian yu du" .
[dong]
1. yuan hen. < lie zi. tang wen>: "xian sheng du zhi, su zhi yu di." tang. liu zong yuan
2. shang hai,, can hai. ru: "tu du" . tang. du fu
3. yong you du wu zhi hai si huo shang hai. ru: "ba ren du si le" ,, "yong yao du lao shu" .
[xing]
1. han you dui jian kang huo sheng ming you wei hai wu zhi de. ru: "du pin" ,, "du yao" . < hou han shu. juan ba liu. nan man xi nan yi lie chuan. xi nan yi>: "zhao hu zhu jun zhang, duo niang du jiu."
2. ben shen han you du su de. ru: "du she" ,, "du cao" .
3. xiong hen,, meng lie. ru: "hen du" ,, "hu du bu shi zi" . < xi you ji> di liu wu hui: "wo men dao na xiang, jue bu ke shan ru, kong zao du shou."
[fu]
hen hen de. ru: "du da yi dun" . < chu ke pai an jing qi> juan yi san: "fu qin bian jiang xiao de du yao yi kou, yao luo er duo."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
獨 [dú] [du]—
[形 [xing]]
Lonely, single, solitary. Such as: 子 [zi] (dúzǐ, only child), 木 [mu] (dúmù, single tree/log). From 《文選 [wen xuan]．司馬遷 [si ma qian]．報任少卿書 [bao ren shao qing shu]》 (Wénxuǎn. Sīmǎ Qiān. Bào Rèn Shǎoqīng Shū): "今僕不幸早失父母 [jin pu bu xing zao shi fu mu]，無兄弟之親 [wu xiong di zhi qin]，身孤立 [shen gu li]。" (Now I am unfortunate to have lost my parents early, have no kin among brothers, and stand alone/isolated.)
[副 [fu]]
1. Only, merely, solely, just. Such as: 善其身 [shan qi shen] (dúshànqíshēn, to maintain one's own integrity). From 《禮記 [li ji]．禮運 [li yun]》 (Lǐjì. Lǐyùn): "故人不親其親 [gu ren bu qin qi qin]，不子其子 [bu zi qi zi]。" (Therefore, people do not only treat their own parents as parents, nor do they only treat their own children as children.)
2. Contrary to expectation, precisely, persistently. From 《樂府詩集 [le fu shi ji]．卷三八 [juan san ba]．相和歌辭十三 [xiang he ge ci shi san]．古辭 [gu ci]．孤兒行 [gu er xing]》 (Yuèfǔ Shījí. Juǎn Sānbā. Xiānghé Gēcí Shísān. Gǔcí. Gū'érxíng): "孤子遇生 [gu zi yu sheng]，命當苦 [ming dang ku]！" (The orphan encounters life, yet his fate is precisely to suffer!) From 《文選 [wen xuan]．司馬遷 [si ma qian]．報任少卿書 [bao ren shao qing shu]》 (Wénxuǎn. Sīmǎ Qiān. Bào Rèn Shǎoqīng Shū): "身非木石 [shen fei mu shi]，與法吏為伍 [yu fa li wei wu]？" (My body is not wood or stone, how can I alone/contrary to expectation associate with legal officials?)
3. Alone, by oneself. Such as: 奏 [zou] (dúzòu, solo performance). From 唐 [tang] (Táng) Dynasty, 杜甫 [du fu] (Dù Fǔ)〈月夜 [yue ye]〉(Yuèyè) poem: "今夜鄜州月 [jin ye fu zhou yue]，閨中只看 [gui zhong zhi kan]。" (Tonight, the moon over 鄜州 [fu zhou] (Fūzhōu), in her chamber, she alone watches.)
4. Arbitrary, self-willed, acting on one's own. Such as: 斷 [duan] (dúduàn, to make an arbitrary decision), 裁 [cai] (dúcái, dictatorship).
[名 [ming]]
1. Old and without children. From 《史記 [shi ji]．卷一一七 [juan yi yi qi]．司馬相如傳 [si ma xiang ru chuan]》 (Shǐjì. Juǎn Yīyīqī. Sīmǎ Xiāngrú Zhuàn): "恤鰥寡 [xu guan gua]，存孤 [cun gu]。" (To pity the widowed, to care for the lonely and childless.) From 《初刻拍案驚奇 [chu ke pai an jing qi]》 (Chūkè Pāi'àn Jīngqí) Volume 20: "縱教血染鵑紅 [zong jiao xue ran juan hong]，彼蒼不念煢 [bi cang bu nian qiong]。" (Even if blood stains the azaleas red, Heaven does not pity the solitary and childless.)
獨：[形]
孤單的、單一的。如：「獨子」、「獨木」。《文選．司馬遷．報任少卿書》：「今僕不幸早失父母，無兄弟之親，獨身孤立。」
[副]
1.僅、但、唯、只。如：「獨善其身」。《禮記．禮運》：「故人不獨親其親，不獨子其子。」
2.偏偏。《樂府詩集．卷三八．相和歌辭十三．古辭．孤兒行》：「孤子遇生，命獨當苦！」《文選．司馬遷．報任少卿書》：「身非木石，獨與法吏為伍？」
3.一個人的。如：「獨奏」。唐．杜甫〈月夜〉詩：「今夜鄜州月，閨中只獨看。」
4.專斷、一意孤行。如：「獨斷」、「獨裁」。
[名]
1.老而無子。《史記．卷一一七．司馬相如傳》：「恤鰥寡，存孤獨。」《初刻拍案驚奇》卷二○：「縱教血染鵑紅，彼蒼不念煢獨。」
dú:[xíng]
gū dān de,, dān yī de. rú: “dú zi” ,, “dú mù” . < wén xuǎn． sī mǎ qiān． bào rèn shǎo qīng shū>: “jīn pú bù xìng zǎo shī fù mǔ, wú xiōng dì zhī qīn, dú shēn gū lì.”
[fù]
1. jǐn,, dàn,, wéi,, zhǐ. rú: “dú shàn qí shēn” . < lǐ jì． lǐ yùn>: “gù rén bù dú qīn qí qīn, bù dú zi qí zi.”
2. piān piān. < lè fǔ shī jí． juǎn sān bā． xiāng hé gē cí shí sān． gǔ cí． gū ér xíng>: “gū zi yù shēng, mìng dú dāng kǔ! ” < wén xuǎn． sī mǎ qiān． bào rèn shǎo qīng shū>: “shēn fēi mù shí, dú yǔ fǎ lì wèi wǔ?”
3. yī gè rén de. rú: “dú zòu” . táng． dù fǔ 〈yuè yè〉 shī: “jīn yè fū zhōu yuè, guī zhōng zhǐ dú kàn.”
4. zhuān duàn,, yī yì gū xíng. rú: “dú duàn” ,, “dú cái” .
[míng]
1. lǎo ér wú zi. < shǐ jì． juǎn yī yī qī． sī mǎ xiāng rú chuán>: “xù guān guǎ, cún gū dú.” < chū kè pāi àn jīng qí> juǎn èr○: “zòng jiào xuè rǎn juān hóng, bǐ cāng bù niàn qióng dú.”
du:[xing]
gu dan de,, dan yi de. ru: "du zi" ,, "du mu" . < wen xuan. si ma qian. bao ren shao qing shu>: "jin pu bu xing zao shi fu mu, wu xiong di zhi qin, du shen gu li."
[fu]
1. jin,, dan,, wei,, zhi. ru: "du shan qi shen" . < li ji. li yun>: "gu ren bu du qin qi qin, bu du zi qi zi."
2. pian pian. < le fu shi ji. juan san ba. xiang he ge ci shi san. gu ci. gu er xing>: "gu zi yu sheng, ming du dang ku! " < wen xuan. si ma qian. bao ren shao qing shu>: "shen fei mu shi, du yu fa li wei wu?"
3. yi ge ren de. ru: "du zou" . tang. du fu
4. zhuan duan,, yi yi gu xing. ru: "du duan" ,, "du cai" .
[ming]
1. lao er wu zi. < shi ji. juan yi yi qi. si ma xiang ru chuan>: "xu guan gua, cun gu du." < chu ke pai an jing qi> juan er○: "zong jiao xue ran juan hong, bi cang bu nian qiong du."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
韣 [dú] [du]—
Noun
A cover or case for holding a bow.
From Shuowen Jiezi 《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》, Wei 《韋 [wei]》 section: "(du), a bow garment (弓衣 [gong yi])."
From Liji 《禮記 [li ji]》, Shaoyi 《少儀 [shao yi]》 chapter: "For a bow (弓 [gong]), one uses the left hand (左手 [zuo shou]) to bend the (bow case) and hold the 拊 [fu] (grip); for a sword (劍 [jian]), one opens the 櫝 [du] (scabbard) cover (蓋 [gai]) and covers it, then adds the 橈 [rao] (bow stave) and sword (劍 [jian])."
From Mei Yaochen's 《梅堯臣 [mei yao chen]》 (Mei Yaochen) poem Tianjiayu 《田家語 [tian jia yu]》 during the Song 《宋 [song]》 Dynasty: "Three able-bodied men (三丁 [san ding]) are registered (籍 [ji]) for one strong man (一壯 [yi zhuang]); it is hateful (惡使 [e shi]) to make them wield (操 [cao]) the bow (弓 [gong]) and bow case."
韣：[名]
裝弓的套子。《說文解字．韋》：「韣，弓衣也。」《禮記．少儀》：「弓則以左手屈韣執拊，劍則啟櫝蓋襲之，加夫橈與劍焉。」宋．梅堯臣〈田家語〉詩：「三丁籍一壯，惡使操弓韣。」
dú:[míng]
zhuāng gōng de tào zi. < shuō wén jiě zì． wéi>: “dú, gōng yī yě.” < lǐ jì． shǎo yí>: “gōng zé yǐ zuǒ shǒu qū dú zhí fǔ, jiàn zé qǐ dú gài xí zhī, jiā fū ráo yǔ jiàn yān.” sòng． méi yáo chén 〈tián jiā yǔ〉 shī: “sān dīng jí yī zhuàng, è shǐ cāo gōng dú.”
du:[ming]
zhuang gong de tao zi. < shuo wen jie zi. wei>: "du, gong yi ye." < li ji. shao yi>: "gong ze yi zuo shou qu du zhi fu, jian ze qi du gai xi zhi, jia fu rao yu jian yan." song. mei yao chen
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
髑 [dú] [du]—
See the entry for 「髏 [lou]」.
髑：參見「髑髏」條。
dú: cān jiàn “dú lóu” tiáo.
du: can jian "du lou" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
殰 [dú] [du]—
(Verb)
When an animal dies in the womb before birth.
《字彙 [zi hui]》 (Zìhuì) • 歹部 [dai bu] (dǎi bù): "(dú), refers to the fetus dying before birth."
《禮記 [li ji]》 (Lǐjì) • 樂記 [le ji] (Yuèjì): "If viviparous animals do not suffer fetal death, and oviparous animals do not suffer from eggs failing to hatch (殈 [xu]), then the way of music (樂之道 [le zhi dao]) is achieved."
殰：[動]
動物未出生時，在胎中死去。《字彙．歹部》：「殰，未及生而胎敗也。」《禮記．樂記》：「胎生者不殰，而卵生者不殈，則樂之道歸焉耳。」
dú:[dòng]
dòng wù wèi chū shēng shí, zài tāi zhōng sǐ qù. < zì huì． dǎi bù>: “dú, wèi jí shēng ér tāi bài yě.” < lǐ jì． lè jì>: “tāi shēng zhě bù dú, ér luǎn shēng zhě bù xù, zé lè zhī dào guī yān ěr.”
du:[dong]
dong wu wei chu sheng shi, zai tai zhong si qu. < zi hui. dai bu>: "du, wei ji sheng er tai bai ye." < li ji. le ji>: "tai sheng zhe bu du, er luan sheng zhe bu xu, ze le zhi dao gui yan er."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
犢 [dú] [du]—
[名 [ming]] Noun
1. Calf (小牛 [xiao niu]). For example: "A newborn calf (初生之 [chu sheng zhi]) does not fear a tiger (虎 [hu])." Song Dynasty (宋 [song]) poet Lu You (陸游 [lu you]) "Miscellaneous Affairs in Late Spring" (春晚即事 [chun wan ji shi]) Poem Four of Four: "The old farmer (老农 [lao nong]) loves his calf (犊 [du]) and walks slowly through the mud, the young wife (幼妇 [you fu]) worries about her silkworms (蚕 [can]) and is busy picking leaves."
2. A surname (姓 [xing]). For example, during the Warring States (战国 [zhan guo]) period, the State of Qi (齐国 [qi guo]) had Du Mu (犊牧 [du mu]).
犢：[名]
1.小牛。如：「初生之犢不畏虎。」宋．陸游〈春晚即事〉詩四首之四：「老農愛犢行泥緩，幼婦憂蠶采葉忙。」
2.姓。如戰國時齊國有犢牧。
dú:[míng]
1. xiǎo niú. rú: “chū shēng zhī dú bù wèi hǔ.” sòng． lù yóu 〈chūn wǎn jí shì〉 shī sì shǒu zhī sì: “lǎo nóng ài dú xíng ní huǎn, yòu fù yōu cán cǎi yè máng.”
2. xìng. rú zhàn guó shí qí guó yǒu dú mù.
du:[ming]
1. xiao niu. ru: "chu sheng zhi du bu wei hu." song. lu you
2. xing. ru zhan guo shi qi guo you du mu.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
牘 [dú] [du]—
[Noun]
1. Ancient wooden tablets used for writing. E.g., `簡 [jian]` (jiǎndú, bamboo/wooden slips).
`《漢書 [han shu]．卷六三 [juan liu san]．武五子傳 [wu wu zi chuan]．廣陵厲王劉胥傳 [guang ling li wang liu xu chuan]》` (Hanshu, Volume 63, Biography of the Five Sons of Emperor Wu, Biography of Liu Xu, Prince Li of Guangling): "Wearing jade rings, with a brush tucked in, holding a `` (dú, tablet) he hurried to pay respects."
Tang Dynasty, `顏師古 [yan shi gu]` (Yan Shigu), Annotation: "`` (dú) means a wooden slip."
Southern Dynasties, Liang Dynasty, `劉勰 [liu xie]` (Liu Xie), `《文心雕龍 [wen xin diao long]．神思 [shen si]》` (Wenxin Diaolong, "Divine Thought"): "`子建 [zi jian]` (Zijian) took up a `` (dú, tablet) as if reciting from memory, `仲宣 [zhong xuan]` (Zhongxuan) lifted his brush as if having composed beforehand."
2. Documents, books. E.g., `文 [wen]` (wéndú, documents), `連篇累 [lian pian lei]` (liánpiānlěidú, lengthy and verbose, literally "piles of pages and tablets").
`《後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷六二 [juan liu er]．荀淑傳 [xun shu chuan]》` (Hou Hanshu, Volume 62, Biography of Xun Shu): "Whatever `篇 [pian]` (piāndú, documents/writings) he saw, he could mostly recite and remember after one glance."
3. Letters, correspondence. E.g., `尺 [chi]` (chǐdú, letters, literally "foot-long tablets").
`《儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]》` (The Scholars), Chapter 33: "Your humble nephew is of meager talent and limited learning; Your Excellency has mistakenly taken up a false reputation, I fear it may stain your `薦 [jian]` (jiàndú, recommendation letter)."
牘：[名]
1.古代用以書寫文字的木片。如：「簡牘」。《漢書．卷六三．武五子傳．廣陵厲王劉胥傳》：「佩玉環，簪筆持牘趨謁。」唐．顏師古．注：「犢，木簡也。」南朝梁．劉勰《文心雕龍．神思》：「子建援牘如口誦，仲宣舉筆似宿構。」
2.文書、書籍。如：「文牘」、「連篇累牘」。《後漢書．卷六二．荀淑傳》：「所見篇牘，一覽多能誦記。」
3.信札。如：「尺牘」。《儒林外史》第三三回：「小姪菲才寡學，大人誤採虛名，恐其有玷薦牘。」
dú:[míng]
1. gǔ dài yòng yǐ shū xiě wén zì de mù piàn. rú: “jiǎn dú” . < hàn shū． juǎn liù sān． wǔ wǔ zi chuán． guǎng líng lì wáng liú xū chuán>: “pèi yù huán, zān bǐ chí dú qū yè.” táng． yán shī gǔ． zhù: “dú, mù jiǎn yě.” nán cháo liáng． liú xié < wén xīn diāo lóng． shén sī>: “zi jiàn yuán dú rú kǒu sòng, zhòng xuān jǔ bǐ shì sù gòu.”
2. wén shū,, shū jí. rú: “wén dú” ,, “lián piān lèi dú” . < hòu hàn shū． juǎn liù èr． xún shū chuán>: “suǒ jiàn piān dú, yī lǎn duō néng sòng jì.”
3. xìn zhá. rú: “chǐ dú” . < rú lín wài shǐ> dì sān sān huí: “xiǎo zhí fēi cái guǎ xué, dà rén wù cǎi xū míng, kǒng qí yǒu diàn jiàn dú.”
du:[ming]
1. gu dai yong yi shu xie wen zi de mu pian. ru: "jian du" . < han shu. juan liu san. wu wu zi chuan. guang ling li wang liu xu chuan>: "pei yu huan, zan bi chi du qu ye." tang. yan shi gu. zhu: "du, mu jian ye." nan chao liang. liu xie < wen xin diao long. shen si>: "zi jian yuan du ru kou song, zhong xuan ju bi shi su gou."
2. wen shu,, shu ji. ru: "wen du" ,, "lian pian lei du" . < hou han shu. juan liu er. xun shu chuan>: "suo jian pian du, yi lan duo neng song ji."
3. xin zha. ru: "chi du" . < ru lin wai shi> di san san hui: "xiao zhi fei cai gua xue, da ren wu cai xu ming, kong qi you dian jian du."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
讀 [dú] [du]—
[Verb]
1. To read aloud according to the text. For example: 誦 [song](sòng dú), 朗 [lang](lǎng dú), 宣 [xuan](xuān dú).
2. To read, to read a book. For example: 經 [jing] (dú jīng), 者 [zhe] (dú zhě), 閱 [yue](yuè dú). From 《史記 [shi ji]．卷四七 [juan si qi]．孔子世家 [kong zi shi jia]》 (Shǐjì, Juàn 47, Kǒngzǐ Shìjiā): "余孔氏書 [yu kong shi shu]，想見其為人 [xiang jian qi wei ren]。" (Yú dú Kǒng shì shū, xiǎng jiàn qí wéi rén.) "I read Confucius's books and imagined what kind of person he was."
3. To study, to specialize in. For example: "他目前在臺北大學 [ta mu qian zai tai bei da xue]。" (Tā mùqián zài Táiběi dú dàxué.) "He is currently studying at a university in 臺北 [tai bei] (Táiběi)." "他理科 [ta li ke]，並不是自己的意願 [bing bu shi zi ji de yi yuan]。" (Tā dú lǐkē, bìng bù shì zìjǐ de yìyuàn.) "He studies 理科 [li ke] (lǐkē - science), but it's not his own will."
[Noun]
The pronunciation of characters, 音 [yin] (dú yīn). For example: 異 [yi](yì dú), 一字二 [yi zi er](yī zì èr dú).
讀：[動]
1.照著文字唸。如：「誦讀」、「朗讀」、「宣讀」。
2.閱讀、看書。如：「讀經」、「讀者」、「閱讀」。《史記．卷四七．孔子世家》：「余讀孔氏書，想見其為人。」
3.學習、專攻。如：「他目前在臺北讀大學。」「他讀理科，並不是自己的意願。」
[名]
文字的唸法、讀音。如：「異讀」、「一字二讀」。
dú:[dòng]
1. zhào zhe wén zì niàn. rú: “sòng dú” ,, “lǎng dú” ,, “xuān dú” .
2. yuè dú,, kàn shū. rú: “dú jīng” ,, “dú zhě” ,, “yuè dú” . < shǐ jì． juǎn sì qī． kǒng zi shì jiā>: “yú dú kǒng shì shū, xiǎng jiàn qí wèi rén.”
3. xué xí,, zhuān gōng. rú: “tā mù qián zài tái běi dú dà xué.” “tā dú lǐ kē, bìng bù shì zì jǐ de yì yuàn.”
[míng]
wén zì de niàn fǎ,, dú yīn. rú: “yì dú” ,, “yī zì èr dú” .
du:[dong]
1. zhao zhe wen zi nian. ru: "song du" ,, "lang du" ,, "xuan du" .
2. yue du,, kan shu. ru: "du jing" ,, "du zhe" ,, "yue du" . < shi ji. juan si qi. kong zi shi jia>: "yu du kong shi shu, xiang jian qi wei ren."
3. xue xi,, zhuan gong. ru: "ta mu qian zai tai bei du da xue." "ta du li ke, bing bu shi zi ji de yi yuan."
[ming]
wen zi de nian fa,, du yin. ru: "yi du" ,, "yi zi er du" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
黷 [dú] [du]—
Filth, dirt (汙垢 [wu gou]). Southern Dynasties Song (南朝宋 [nan chao song]). Fu Liang (傅亮 [fu liang]), "Memorial on Pan, Minister of the Right" (潘尚書僕射表 [pan shang shu pu she biao]): "Above, it increases the national disgrace (國垢 [guo gou]); below, it invites private defilement (私 [si])."
Filthy, dirty, defiled (汙穢 [wu hui]). Selections of Literature (文選 [wen xuan]). Kong Zhigui (孔稚珪 [kong zhi gui]), "An Edict Moving the Northern Mountains" (北山移文 [bei shan yi wen]): "Sometimes they turn back their steps with a stained heart, or are initially chaste but later become defiled."
1. To treat lightly, to disrespect, to be irreverent (輕慢 [qing man]、不恭敬 [bu gong jing]). Classic of History (書經 [shu jing]). "The Charge to Yue" (說命 [shuo ming]): "To be irreverent in sacrifices (祭祀 [ji si])." Book of the Later Han (後漢書 [hou han shu]). Volume 52. "Biography of Cui Yin" (崔駰傳 [cui yin chuan]): "When advancing, not to form cliques (黨 [dang]) to praise oneself; when retreating, not to disrespect common people (庸人 [yong ren])."
2. To covet, to be greedy for (貪求 [tan qiu]). History of the Southern Dynasties (南史 [nan shi]). Volume 49. "Biography of Liu Huaizhen" (劉懷珍傳 [liu huai zhen chuan]): "When he repeatedly served as governor of prefectures and commanderies (州郡 [zhou jun]), he was quite greedy for wealth and bribes (財賄 [cai hui])." Tang (唐 [tang]) Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan (柳宗元 [liu zong yuan]), "On Feudalism" (封建論 [feng jian lun]): "The feudal lords (列侯 [lie hou]) were arrogant and overbearing (驕盈 [jiao ying]), coveting wealth (貨 [huo]) and engaging in military affairs (事戎 [shi rong])."
3. To be reckless, to abuse, to misuse (輕妄 [qing wang]、濫用 [lan yong]). For example: "to exhaust military resources and engage in reckless warfare" (窮兵武 [qiong bing wu]). Tang (唐 [tang]) Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan (柳宗元 [liu zong yuan]), "Refutation of the Argument on Vengeance" (駮復讎議 [bo fu chou yi]): "To execute those who deserve commendation (可旌 [ke jing]), this is called abuse (濫 [lan]); it is a severe abuse of punishment (刑 [xing])."
黷：[名]
汙垢。南朝宋．傅亮〈潘尚書僕射表〉：「上增國垢，下招私黷。」
[形]
汙穢。《文選．孔稚珪．北山移文》：「乍迴跡以心染，或先貞而後黷。」
[動]
1.輕慢、不恭敬。《書經．說命》：「黷于祭祀。」《後漢書．卷五二．崔駰傳》：「進不黨以讚己，退不黷於庸人。」
2.貪求。《南史．卷四九．劉懷珍傳》：「及累為州郡，頗黷財賄。」唐．柳宗元〈封建論〉：「列侯驕盈，黷貨事戎。」
3.輕妄、濫用。如：「窮兵黷武」。唐．柳宗元〈駮復讎議〉：「誅其可旌，茲謂濫，黷刑甚矣。」
dú:[míng]
wū gòu. nán cháo sòng． fù liàng 〈pān shàng shū pú shè biǎo〉: “shàng zēng guó gòu, xià zhāo sī dú.”
[xíng]
wū huì. < wén xuǎn． kǒng zhì guī． běi shān yí wén>: “zhà huí jī yǐ xīn rǎn, huò xiān zhēn ér hòu dú.”
[dòng]
1. qīng màn,, bù gōng jìng. < shū jīng． shuō mìng>: “dú yú jì sì.” < hòu hàn shū． juǎn wǔ èr． cuī yīn chuán>: “jìn bù dǎng yǐ zàn jǐ, tuì bù dú yú yōng rén.”
2. tān qiú. < nán shǐ． juǎn sì jiǔ． liú huái zhēn chuán>: “jí lèi wèi zhōu jùn, pō dú cái huì.” táng． liǔ zōng yuán 〈fēng jiàn lùn〉: “liè hóu jiāo yíng, dú huò shì róng.”
3. qīng wàng,, làn yòng. rú: “qióng bīng dú wǔ” . táng． liǔ zōng yuán 〈bó fù chóu yì〉: “zhū qí kě jīng, zī wèi làn, dú xíng shén yǐ.”
du:[ming]
wu gou. nan chao song. fu liang
[xing]
wu hui. < wen xuan. kong zhi gui. bei shan yi wen>: "zha hui ji yi xin ran, huo xian zhen er hou du."
[dong]
1. qing man,, bu gong jing. < shu jing. shuo ming>: "du yu ji si." < hou han shu. juan wu er. cui yin chuan>: "jin bu dang yi zan ji, tui bu du yu yong ren."
2. tan qiu. < nan shi. juan si jiu. liu huai zhen chuan>: "ji lei wei zhou jun, po du cai hui." tang. liu zong yuan
3. qing wang,, lan yong. ru: "qiong bing du wu" . tang. liu zong yuan
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
讟 [dú] [du]—
[Verb]
1. To resent, to hate. According to Shuowen Jiezi, Rad. Yan (誩部 [jing bu]): "(dú) means bitter resentment (痛怨 [tong yuan])." From History of the Northern Dynasties, Vol. 32, Biography of Cui Ting (《北史 [bei shi]．卷三二 [juan san er]．崔挺傳 [cui ting chuan]》): "Since the Lord (主 [zhu]) of Chen (陈 [chen]) was incompetent (昏 [hun]) above, the people (人 [ren]) below harbored resentment."
2. To slander, to defame. From Zuo Zhuan, Duke Xuan, 12th year (《左傳 [zuo chuan]．宣公十二年 [xuan gong shi er nian]》): "The people (民 [min]) are not exhausted by labor (罢劳 [ba lao]), and the ruler (君 [jun]) has no resentment or slander (怨 [yuan])." Jin Dynasty (晋 [jin]), Du Yu's (杜预 [du yu]) Annotation (注 [zhu]): "(dú) means slander (谤 [bang])." From Book of Sui, Vol. 75, Biographies of Scholars, Biography of He Tuo (《隋書 [sui shu]．卷七五 [juan qi wu]．儒林傳 [ru lin chuan]．何妥傳 [he tuo chuan]》): "Once humiliation (屈辱 [qu ru]) is inflicted, there will be resentment (怨恨 [yuan hen]), and words (言 [yan]) of slander (谤 [bang]) will emerge."
[Noun]
Slander, words of resentment. From Selections of Refined Literature, Zhang Heng's (張衡 [zhang heng]) Fu on Contemplating the Profound (《文選 [wen xuan]．張衡 [zhang heng]．思玄賦 [si xuan fu]》): "Moreover, having incurred (获 [huo]) slander from my younger brothers (群弟 [qun di]), I opened (启 [qi]) the metal-bound casket (金縢 [jin teng]) and only then was believed (信 [xin])."
讟：[動]
1.怨恨。《說文解字．誩部》：「讟，痛怨也。」《北史．卷三二．崔挺傳》：「陳既主昏於上，人讟於下。」
2.詆毀、誹謗。《左傳．宣公十二年》：「民不罷勞，君無怨讟。」晉．杜預．注：「讟，謗也。」《隋書．卷七五．儒林傳．何妥傳》：「屈辱既加，則有怨恨，謗讟之言出矣。」
[名]
毀謗、怨恨的話。《文選．張衡．思玄賦》：「且獲讟于群弟兮，啟金縢而後信。」
dú:[dòng]
1. yuàn hèn. < shuō wén jiě zì． jìng bù>: “dú, tòng yuàn yě.” < běi shǐ． juǎn sān èr． cuī tǐng chuán>: “chén jì zhǔ hūn yú shàng, rén dú yú xià.”
2. dǐ huǐ,, fěi bàng. < zuǒ chuán． xuān gōng shí èr nián>: “mín bù bà láo, jūn wú yuàn dú.” jìn． dù yù． zhù: “dú, bàng yě.” < suí shū． juǎn qī wǔ． rú lín chuán． hé tuǒ chuán>: “qū rǔ jì jiā, zé yǒu yuàn hèn, bàng dú zhī yán chū yǐ.”
[míng]
huǐ bàng,, yuàn hèn de huà. < wén xuǎn． zhāng héng． sī xuán fù>: “qiě huò dú yú qún dì xī, qǐ jīn téng ér hòu xìn.”
du:[dong]
1. yuan hen. < shuo wen jie zi. jing bu>: "du, tong yuan ye." < bei shi. juan san er. cui ting chuan>: "chen ji zhu hun yu shang, ren du yu xia."
2. di hui,, fei bang. < zuo chuan. xuan gong shi er nian>: "min bu ba lao, jun wu yuan du." jin. du yu. zhu: "du, bang ye." < sui shu. juan qi wu. ru lin chuan. he tuo chuan>: "qu ru ji jia, ze you yuan hen, bang du zhi yan chu yi."
[ming]
hui bang,, yuan hen de hua. < wen xuan. zhang heng. si xuan fu>: "qie huo du yu qun di xi, qi jin teng er hou xin."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
肚 [dù] [du]—
[Noun]
Colloquially, the stomach of an animal is referred to as "" (dù). The Jiyun (集韻 [ji yun]), under the 'Shàngshēng' (上聲 [shang sheng]) tone and 'Mǔyùn' (姥韻 [lao yun]) rhyme, states: "'' (dù) means 'stomach' (胃 [wei])." For example: "牛 [niu]" (niúdù) (beef tripe), "豬 [zhu]" (zhūdù) (pork stomach), "羊 [yang]" (yángdù) (lamb tripe).
肚：[名]
俗稱動物的胃為「肚」。《集韻．上聲．姥韻》：「肚，胃也。」如：「牛肚」、「豬肚」、「羊肚」。
dù:[míng]
sú chēng dòng wù de wèi wèi “dù” . < jí yùn． shàng shēng． lǎo yùn>: “dù, wèi yě.” rú: “niú dù” ,, “zhū dù” ,, “yáng dù” .
du:[ming]
su cheng dong wu de wei wei "du" . < ji yun. shang sheng. lao yun>: "du, wei ye." ru: "niu du" ,, "zhu du" ,, "yang du" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
堵 [dǔ] [du]—
[名 [ming]] (N.)
1. Wall (牆壁 [qiang bi]). Jin (晉 [jin]) Dynasty. Tao Yuanming (陶淵明 [tao yuan ming]) "Biography of Mr. Five Willows (五柳先生傳 [wu liu xian sheng chuan])": "The four walls were bare (蕭然 [xiao ran]), offering no shelter from wind and sun (不蔽風日 [bu bi feng ri])." Tang (唐 [tang]) Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan (柳宗元 [liu zong yuan]) "Biography of the Carpenter (梓人傳 [zi ren chuan])": "He could draw a palace (宮 [gong]) on a wall a foot square (盈尺 [ying chi]), yet perfectly capture its intricate design (曲盡其制 [qu jin qi zhi])."
2. Measure word (量詞 [liang ci]). A unit for counting walls (牆壁 [qiang bi]). E.g., "one wall (一牆 [yi qiang])". Tang (唐 [tang]) Dynasty. Zhang Hu (張祜 [zhang hu]) "Journey to Mount Tiantai (遊天台山 [you tian tai shan])": "Looking back at Siming (四明 [si ming]), it stood towering (矗 [chu]) like a single city (城 [cheng]) wall (一 [yi])."
3. Surname (姓 [xing]). E.g., during the Spring and Autumn period (春秋時 [chun qiu shi]), the State of Zheng (鄭國 [zheng guo]) had Du Shu (叔 [shu]).
[動 [dong]] (V.)
1. To block (阻塞 [zu sai]). E.g., "to block (塞 [sai])", "to plug a hole (住破洞 [zhu po dong])".
2. To retort (頂撞 [ding zhuang]) or obstruct (遏阻 [e zu]) someone with words (以言語 [yi yan yu]). "Dream of the Red Chamber (紅樓夢 [hong lou meng])" Chapter 37 (第三七回 [di san qi hui]): "In front of everyone, Madam (太太 [tai tai]) thought she had gained more prestige (增了光 [zeng le guang]) and silenced everyone's mouths (了眾人的嘴 [le zhong ren de zui]), which made her even happier (越發喜歡了 [yue fa xi huan le])."
堵：[名]
1.牆壁。晉．陶淵明〈五柳先生傳〉：「環堵蕭然，不蔽風日。」唐．柳宗元〈梓人傳〉：「畫宮於堵盈尺，而曲盡其制。」
2.量詞。計算牆壁的單位。如：「一堵牆」。唐．張祜〈遊天台山〉詩：「回首望四明，矗若城一堵。」
3.姓。如春秋時鄭國有堵叔。
[動]
1.阻塞。如：「堵塞」、「堵住破洞」。
2.以言語頂撞或遏阻別人。《紅樓夢》第三七回：「當著眾人，太太自為又增了光，堵了眾人的嘴，太太越發喜歡了。」
dǔ:[míng]
1. qiáng bì. jìn． táo yuān míng 〈wǔ liǔ xiān shēng chuán〉: “huán dǔ xiāo rán, bù bì fēng rì.” táng． liǔ zōng yuán 〈zǐ rén chuán〉: “huà gōng yú dǔ yíng chǐ, ér qū jǐn qí zhì.”
2. liàng cí. jì suàn qiáng bì de dān wèi. rú: “yī dǔ qiáng” . táng． zhāng hù 〈yóu tiān tái shān〉 shī: “huí shǒu wàng sì míng, chù ruò chéng yī dǔ.”
3. xìng. rú chūn qiū shí zhèng guó yǒu dǔ shū.
[dòng]
1. zǔ sāi. rú: “dǔ sāi” ,, “dǔ zhù pò dòng” .
2. yǐ yán yǔ dǐng zhuàng huò è zǔ bié rén. < hóng lóu mèng> dì sān qī huí: “dāng zhe zhòng rén, tài tài zì wèi yòu zēng le guāng, dǔ le zhòng rén de zuǐ, tài tài yuè fā xǐ huān le.”
du:[ming]
1. qiang bi. jin. tao yuan ming
2. liang ci. ji suan qiang bi de dan wei. ru: "yi du qiang" . tang. zhang hu
3. xing. ru chun qiu shi zheng guo you du shu.
[dong]
1. zu sai. ru: "du sai" ,, "du zhu po dong" .
2. yi yan yu ding zhuang huo e zu bie ren. < hong lou meng> di san qi hui: "dang zhe zhong ren, tai tai zi wei you zeng le guang, du le zhong ren de zui, tai tai yue fa xi huan le."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
賭 [dǔ] [du]—
[名 [ming]] An improper form of entertainment where property or money (財物 [cai wu]) is used to compete for a win or loss (爭輸贏 [zheng shu ying]). Such as "gambling" (博 [bo]), "fond of gambling" (好 [hao]), "addicted to gambling" (嗜如命 [shi ru ming]). From "Gambling Talisman" (符 [fu]), Volume 3 (卷三 [juan san]) of Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio (聊齋志異 [liao zhai zhi yi]): "If you can abstain from gambling (戒 [jie]), I will restore it for you."
[動 [dong]] To compete for victory or defeat (爭勝負 [zheng sheng fu]), to compare win or loss (比輸贏 [bi shu ying]). From Act 2 (第二折 [di er zhe]) of Guan Hanqing's (關漢卿 [guan han qing]) The Injustice to Dou E (竇娥冤 [dou e yuan]) from the Yuan Dynasty (元 [yuan]): "Why bother with 'Heavenly Joy arriving in one's destiny' (天喜到命 [tian xi dao ming])? Just bet on your own ability (本事 [ben shi]); if you can do it (做得去 [zuo de qu]), go do it yourself (自去做 [zi qu zuo])." From Chapter 19 (第十九回 [di shi jiu hui]) of The Travels of Lao Can (老殘遊記 [lao can you ji]): "Wu Erlangzi (吳二浪子 [wu er lang zi]), eager to gamble (要 [yao]), hastily said: 'It definitely won't go wrong (萬不會誤的 [wan bu hui wu de])!' "
賭：[名]
用財物作為爭輸贏的不正當娛樂。如：「賭博」、「好賭」、「嗜賭如命」。《聊齋志異．卷三．賭符》：「倘能戒賭，我為汝覆之。」
[動]
爭勝負、比輸贏。元．關漢卿《竇娥冤》第二折：「要看什麼天喜到命，只賭本事，做得去自去做。」《老殘遊記》第一九回：「吳二浪子急於要賭，連忙說：『萬不會誤的！』」
dǔ:[míng]
yòng cái wù zuò wèi zhēng shū yíng de bù zhèng dāng yú lè. rú: “dǔ bó” ,, “hǎo dǔ” ,, “shì dǔ rú mìng” . < liáo zhāi zhì yì． juǎn sān． dǔ fú>: “tǎng néng jiè dǔ, wǒ wèi rǔ fù zhī.”
[dòng]
zhēng shèng fù,, bǐ shū yíng. yuán． guān hàn qīng < dòu é yuān> dì èr zhé: “yào kàn shén me tiān xǐ dào mìng, zhǐ dǔ běn shì, zuò dé qù zì qù zuò.” < lǎo cán yóu jì> dì yī jiǔ huí: “wú èr làng zi jí yú yào dǔ, lián máng shuō: ‘wàn bù huì wù de! ’ ”
du:[ming]
yong cai wu zuo wei zheng shu ying de bu zheng dang yu le. ru: "du bo" ,, "hao du" ,, "shi du ru ming" . < liao zhai zhi yi. juan san. du fu>: "tang neng jie du, wo wei ru fu zhi."
[dong]
zheng sheng fu,, bi shu ying. yuan. guan han qing < dou e yuan> di er zhe: "yao kan shen me tian xi dao ming, zhi du ben shi, zuo de qu zi qu zuo." < lao can you ji> di yi jiu hui: "wu er lang zi ji yu yao du, lian mang shuo: 'wan bu hui wu de! ' "
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
度 [dù] [du]—
[名 [ming]]
1. Indicates the state or level reached by a related property of a substance (物質 [wu zhi]). For example: 長 [zhang](length), 硬 [ying](hardness), 溼 [shi](humidity), 密 [mi](density), 酸 [suan](acidity).
2. Legal system (法制 [fa zhi]), norm (規範 [gui fan]). For example: 制 [zhi](system), 法 [fa](laws and regulations). From Yang Xiong's (揚雄 [yang xiong]) "Changyang Fu" (長楊賦 [zhang yang fu]) during the Han Dynasty (漢 [han]): "It is also for upholding the glory of the great ancestor (太尊 [tai zun]) and following the standards of civil and military (文武 [wen wu]) rulers."
3. Standard (標準 [biao zhun]). For example: 尺 [chi](measurement standard), 限 [xian](limit). From "Guoyu" (國語 [guo yu]), "Zhouyu Xia" (周語下 [zhou yu xia]): "Excessive use of resources (用物過 [yong wu guo]) harms wealth (妨於財 [fang yu cai]); correcting and reducing wealth (正害財匱 [zheng hai cai gui]) harms enjoyment (妨於樂 [fang yu le])." From Han Yu's (韓愈 [han yu]) poem "Chongyun Li Guan Ji Zeng Zhi" (重雲李觀疾贈之 [zhong yun li guan ji zeng zhi]) during the Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]): "The movement of heaven (天行 [tian xing]) loses its standard, and yin energy (陰氣 [yin qi]) comes to interfere with yang (干陽 [gan yang])."
4. A person's tolerance (器量 [qi liang]) or breadth of mind (胸懷 [xiong huai]). For example: 器 [qi](magnanimity). From "Shiji" (史記 [shi ji]), Volume 8, "Annals of Emperor Gaozu" (高祖本紀 [gao zu ben ji]): "He always possessed great magnanimity (大 [da]) and did not engage in family production and labor (不事家人生產作業 [bu shi jia ren sheng chan zuo ye])."
5. Appearance (外表 [wai biao]), demeanor (儀態 [yi tai]). For example: 風 [feng](grace/bearing), 態 [tai](attitude). From "Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio" (聊齋志異 [liao zhai zhi yi]), Volume 11, "Chen Yunqi" (陳雲棲 [chen yun qi]): "The student (生 [sheng]) secretly went there. He knocked on the gate (扣其關 [kou qi guan]), and indeed there were three or four female Daoists (女道士 [nu dao shi]), who humbly and happily received him (謙喜承迎 [qian xi cheng ying]), and their demeanor (儀 [yi]) was all pure (潔 [jie])."
6. Measure word (量詞 [liang ci]): (1) A unit for calculation based on a certain standard (一定標準 [yi ding biao zhun]). For example: 耗電三百 [hao dian san bai](consumed 300 degrees of electricity), 今天氣溫高達攝氏三十六 [jin tian qi wen gao da she shi san shi liu](today's temperature reached 36 degrees Celsius). (2) A unit for counting frequency (次數 [ci shu]) or number of times. For example: 再光臨 [zai guang lin] (visit again). From "History of the Northern Dynasties" (北史 [bei shi]), Volume 40, "Biographies" (列傳 [lie chuan]), "Li Biao" (李彪 [li biao]): "Biao (彪 [biao]) was entrusted with missions (銜命 [xian ming]) six times (六 [liu]) before and after (前後 [qian hou])."
7. In mathematics (數學 [shu xue]), refers to: (1) A unit for calculating arcs (圓弧 [yuan hu]) and angles (角 [jiao]). One three hundred sixtieth (三百六十分之一 [san bai liu shi fen zhi yi]) of a circumference (圓周 [yuan zhou]) is one degree (一 [yi]) of an arc (弧 [hu]); the central angle (中心角 [zhong xin jiao]) subtended by a one-degree (一 [yi]) arc (弧 [hu]) is one degree (一 [yi]) of an angle (角 [jiao]). (2) The length (長 [zhang]), width (寬 [kuan]), and height (高 [gao]) of an object (物體 [wu ti]). For example: 三空間 [san kong jian] (three-dimensional space).
8. A surname (姓 [xing]). For example, Du Shang (尚 [shang]) existed during the Han Dynasty (漢代 [han dai]).
[動 [dong]]
1. To pass (過 [guo]), to experience (經歷 [jing li]). For example: 日如年 [ri ru nian] (a day feels like a year), 光陰虛 [guang yin xu](wasting time).
2. To go from this shore (此岸 [ci an]) to the other shore (彼岸 [bi an]). Same as 渡 [du] (dù, to cross). From "Book of Han" (漢書 [han shu]), Volume 48, "Biography of Jia Yi" (賈誼傳 [jia yi chuan]): "If regulations (經制 [jing zhi]) are not fixed (不定 [bu ding]), it is like crossing rivers (江河 [jiang he]) without ropes and oars (亡維楫 [wang wei ji])."
3. To pass through (通過 [tong guo]), to cross over (跨越 [kua yue]). Same as 渡 [du] (dù, to cross). From "Shiji" (史記 [shi ji]), Volume 94, "Biography of Tian Dan" (田儋列傳 [tian dan lie chuan]): "Using Kuai Tong's (蒯通 [kuai tong]) strategy, he crossed the plain (平原 [ping yuan]) and attacked and defeated the Qi army (齊歷下軍 [qi li xia jun]) at Lixia." From Wang Zhihuan's (王之渙 [wang zhi huan]) poem "Liangzhou Ci" (涼州詞 [liang zhou ci]) during the Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]): "Why should the Qiang flute (羌笛 [qiang di]) complain about the willows (楊柳 [yang liu])? Spring light (春光 [chun guang]) does not cross (不 [bu]) the Jade Gate Pass (玉門關 [yu men guan])."
度：[名]
1.表示物質的相關性質所達到的狀況。如：「長度」、「硬度」、「溼度」、「密度」、「酸度」。
2.法制、規範。如：「制度」、「法度」。漢．揚雄〈長楊賦〉：「亦所以奉太尊之烈，遵文武之度。」
3.標準。如：「尺度」、「限度」。《國語．周語下》：「用物過度妨於財，正害財匱妨於樂。」唐．韓愈〈重雲李觀疾贈之〉詩：「天行失其度，陰氣來干陽。」
4.人的器量、胸懷。如：「器度」。《史記．卷八．高祖本紀》：「常有大度，不事家人生產作業。」
5.外表、儀態。如：「風度」、「態度」。《聊齋志異．卷一一．陳雲棲》：「生因竊往。扣其關，果有女道士三四人，謙喜承迎，儀度皆潔。」
6.量詞：(1)計算依一定標準劃分的單位。如：「耗電三百度」、「今天氣溫高達攝氏三十六度。」(2)計算次數的單位。如：「再度光臨」。《北史．卷四○．列傳．李彪》：「彪前後六度銜命。」
7.數學上指：(1)計算圓弧及角的單位。圓周的三百六十分之一為弧的一度；一度的弧所對的中心角，為角度的一度。(2)物體的長、寬、高。如：「三度空間」。
8.姓。如漢代有度尚。
[動]
1.過、經歷。如：「度日如年」、「光陰虛度」。
2.由此岸到彼岸。同「渡」。《漢書．卷四八．賈誼傳》：「若夫經制不定，是猶度江河亡維楫。」
3.通過、跨越。同「渡」。《史記．卷九四．田儋列傳》：「用蒯通計，度平原，襲破齊歷下軍。」唐．王之渙〈涼州詞〉：「羌笛何須怨楊柳，春光不度玉門關。」
dù:[míng]
1. biǎo shì wù zhì de xiāng guān xìng zhì suǒ dá dào de zhuàng kuàng. rú: “zhǎng dù” ,, “yìng dù” ,, “shī dù” ,, “mì dù” ,, “suān dù” .
2. fǎ zhì,, guī fàn. rú: “zhì dù” ,, “fǎ dù” . hàn． yáng xióng 〈zhǎng yáng fù〉: “yì suǒ yǐ fèng tài zūn zhī liè, zūn wén wǔ zhī dù.”
3. biāo zhǔn. rú: “chǐ dù” ,, “xiàn dù” . < guó yǔ． zhōu yǔ xià>: “yòng wù guò dù fáng yú cái, zhèng hài cái guì fáng yú lè.” táng． hán yù 〈zhòng yún lǐ guān jí zèng zhī〉 shī: “tiān xíng shī qí dù, yīn qì lái gàn yáng.”
4. rén de qì liàng,, xiōng huái. rú: “qì dù” . < shǐ jì． juǎn bā． gāo zǔ běn jì>: “cháng yǒu dà dù, bù shì jiā rén shēng chǎn zuò yè.”
5. wài biǎo,, yí tài. rú: “fēng dù” ,, “tài dù” . < liáo zhāi zhì yì． juǎn yī yī． chén yún qī>: “shēng yīn qiè wǎng. kòu qí guān, guǒ yǒu nǚ dào shì sān sì rén, qiān xǐ chéng yíng, yí dù jiē jié.”
6. liàng cí:(1) jì suàn yī yī dìng biāo zhǔn huà fēn de dān wèi. rú: “hào diàn sān bǎi dù” ,, “jīn tiān qì wēn gāo dá shè shì sān shí liù dù.” (2) jì suàn cì shù de dān wèi. rú: “zài dù guāng lín” . < běi shǐ． juǎn sì○． liè chuán． lǐ biāo>: “biāo qián hòu liù dù xián mìng.”
7. shù xué shàng zhǐ:(1) jì suàn yuán hú jí jiǎo de dān wèi. yuán zhōu de sān bǎi liù shí fēn zhī yī wèi hú de yī dù； yī dù de hú suǒ duì de zhōng xīn jiǎo, wèi jiǎo dù de yī dù.(2) wù tǐ de zhǎng,, kuān,, gāo. rú: “sān dù kōng jiān” .
8. xìng. rú hàn dài yǒu dù shàng.
[dòng]
1. guò,, jīng lì. rú: “dù rì rú nián” ,, “guāng yīn xū dù” .
2. yóu cǐ àn dào bǐ àn. tóng “dù” . < hàn shū． juǎn sì bā． jiǎ yì chuán>: “ruò fū jīng zhì bù dìng, shì yóu dù jiāng hé wáng wéi jí.”
3. tōng guò,, kuà yuè. tóng “dù” . < shǐ jì． juǎn jiǔ sì． tián dān liè chuán>: “yòng kuǎi tōng jì, dù píng yuán, xí pò qí lì xià jūn.” táng． wáng zhī huàn 〈liáng zhōu cí〉: “qiāng dí hé xū yuàn yáng liǔ, chūn guāng bù dù yù mén guān.”
du:[ming]
1. biao shi wu zhi de xiang guan xing zhi suo da dao de zhuang kuang. ru: "zhang du" ,, "ying du" ,, "shi du" ,, "mi du" ,, "suan du" .
2. fa zhi,, gui fan. ru: "zhi du" ,, "fa du" . han. yang xiong
3. biao zhun. ru: "chi du" ,, "xian du" . < guo yu. zhou yu xia>: "yong wu guo du fang yu cai, zheng hai cai gui fang yu le." tang. han yu
4. ren de qi liang,, xiong huai. ru: "qi du" . < shi ji. juan ba. gao zu ben ji>: "chang you da du, bu shi jia ren sheng chan zuo ye."
5. wai biao,, yi tai. ru: "feng du" ,, "tai du" . < liao zhai zhi yi. juan yi yi. chen yun qi>: "sheng yin qie wang. kou qi guan, guo you nu dao shi san si ren, qian xi cheng ying, yi du jie jie."
6. liang ci:(1) ji suan yi yi ding biao zhun hua fen de dan wei. ru: "hao dian san bai du" ,, "jin tian qi wen gao da she shi san shi liu du." (2) ji suan ci shu de dan wei. ru: "zai du guang lin" . < bei shi. juan si○. lie chuan. li biao>: "biao qian hou liu du xian ming."
7. shu xue shang zhi:(1) ji suan yuan hu ji jiao de dan wei. yuan zhou de san bai liu shi fen zhi yi wei hu de yi du; yi du de hu suo dui de zhong xin jiao, wei jiao du de yi du.(2) wu ti de zhang,, kuan,, gao. ru: "san du kong jian" .
8. xing. ru han dai you du shang.
[dong]
1. guo,, jing li. ru: "du ri ru nian" ,, "guang yin xu du" .
2. you ci an dao bi an. tong "du" . < han shu. juan si ba. jia yi chuan>: "ruo fu jing zhi bu ding, shi you du jiang he wang wei ji."
3. tong guo,, kua yue. tong "du" . < shi ji. juan jiu si. tian dan lie chuan>: "yong kuai tong ji, du ping yuan, xi po qi li xia jun." tang. wang zhi huan
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
渡 [dù] [du]—
[Verb]
1. To cross a river (過河 [guo he]), from this bank (此岸 [ci an]) to the other bank (彼岸 [bi an]). For example: "to cross a river" (河 [he]), "to cross the sea" (海 [hai]). From Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]) poet Li Hua's (李華 [li hua]) "Lament for an Ancient Battlefield" (弔古戰場文 [diao gu zhan chang wen]): "Running for ten thousand li (萬里 [wan li]), exposed year after year (連年暴露 [lian nian bao lu]). Grazing on sandy grass (沙草 [sha cao]) in the morning (晨牧 [chen mu]), crossing the river ice (河冰 [he bing]) at night (夜 [ye])."
2. To pass through (通過 [tong guo]), to cross over (跨越 [kua yue]). For example: "to get through a difficult period" (過難關 [guo nan guan]). From "Records of the Grand Historian" (史記 [shi ji]), Volume 8, "Annals of Emperor Gaozu" (高祖本紀 [gao zu ben ji]): "Huaiyin (淮陰 [huai yin]) had already received orders to go east (東 [dong]), but had not yet crossed Pingyuan (平原 [ping yuan])." From Song Dynasty (宋 [song]) poet Su Shi's (蘇軾 [su shi]) "Plum Blossoms" (梅花 [mei hua]), one of two poems: "One night (一夜 [yi ye]) the east wind (東風 [dong feng]) blew (吹 [chui]) and cracked the stones (石裂 [shi lie]), half of it followed (半隨 [ban sui]) the flying snow (飛雪 [fei xue]) and crossed the mountain passes (關山 [guan shan])."
3. To hand over (交付 [jiao fu]), to transfer (轉手 [zhuan shou]). For example: "to extradite" (引 [yin]), "to cede" (讓 [rang]).
[Noun]
A place where one crosses a river (過河 [guo he]) by boat (坐船 [zuo chuan]). From "Book of Jin" (晉書 [jin shu]), Volume 34, "Biography of Du Yu" (杜預傳 [du yu chuan]): "Du Yu (杜預 [du yu]) also considered the Mengjin Crossing (孟津 [meng jin]) dangerous (險 [xian]) and prone to capsizing (覆沒之患 [fu mei zhi huan]), so he requested to build (請建 [qing jian]) a river bridge (河橋 [he qiao]) at Fuping Crossing (富平津 [fu ping jin])." From Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]) poet Wang Wei's (王維 [wang wei]) "Returning to Mount Song" (歸嵩山作 [gui song shan zuo]): "A desolate city (荒城 [huang cheng]) overlooks (臨 [lin]) an ancient crossing (古 [gu]), the setting sun (落日 [luo ri]) fills (滿 [man]) the autumn mountains (秋山 [qiu shan])."
渡：[動]
1.過河、由此岸到彼岸。如：「渡河」、「渡海」。唐．李華〈弔古戰場文〉：「萬里奔走，連年暴露。沙草晨牧，河冰夜渡。」
2.通過、跨越。如：「渡過難關」。《史記．卷八．高祖本紀》：「淮陰已受命東，未渡平原。」宋．蘇軾〈梅花〉詩二首之一：「一夜東風吹石裂，半隨飛雪渡關山。」
3.交付、轉手。如：「引渡」、「讓渡」。
[名]
坐船過河的地方。《晉書．卷三四．杜預傳》：「預又以孟津渡險，有覆沒之患，請建河橋于富平津。」唐．王維〈歸嵩山作〉詩：「荒城臨古渡，落日滿秋山。」
dù:[dòng]
1. guò hé,, yóu cǐ àn dào bǐ àn. rú: “dù hé” ,, “dù hǎi” . táng． lǐ huá 〈diào gǔ zhàn chǎng wén〉: “wàn lǐ bēn zǒu, lián nián bào lù. shā cǎo chén mù, hé bīng yè dù.”
2. tōng guò,, kuà yuè. rú: “dù guò nán guān” . < shǐ jì． juǎn bā． gāo zǔ běn jì>: “huái yīn yǐ shòu mìng dōng, wèi dù píng yuán.” sòng． sū shì 〈méi huā〉 shī èr shǒu zhī yī: “yī yè dōng fēng chuī shí liè, bàn suí fēi xuě dù guān shān.”
3. jiāo fù,, zhuǎn shǒu. rú: “yǐn dù” ,, “ràng dù” .
[míng]
zuò chuán guò hé de de fāng. < jìn shū． juǎn sān sì． dù yù chuán>: “yù yòu yǐ mèng jīn dù xiǎn, yǒu fù méi zhī huàn, qǐng jiàn hé qiáo yú fù píng jīn.” táng． wáng wéi 〈guī sōng shān zuò〉 shī: “huāng chéng lín gǔ dù, luò rì mǎn qiū shān.”
du:[dong]
1. guo he,, you ci an dao bi an. ru: "du he" ,, "du hai" . tang. li hua
2. tong guo,, kua yue. ru: "du guo nan guan" . < shi ji. juan ba. gao zu ben ji>: "huai yin yi shou ming dong, wei du ping yuan." song. su shi
3. jiao fu,, zhuan shou. ru: "yin du" ,, "rang du" .
[ming]
zuo chuan guo he de de fang. < jin shu. juan san si. du yu chuan>: "yu you yi meng jin du xian, you fu mei zhi huan, qing jian he qiao yu fu ping jin." tang. wang wei
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
度 [dù] [du]—
Verb:
1. Consider, estimate, or conjecture. Examples: 審 [shen](shěndù - deliberate, consider carefully), 揣 [chuai](chuǎidù - speculate, surmise). From The Classic of Poetry, Major Odes, Yi (詩經 [shi jing]．大雅 [da ya]．抑 [yi]): "The coming of the spirits (神之格思 [shen zhi ge si]) cannot be fathomed (不可思 [bu ke si]); how much less can they be wearied (矧可射思 [shen ke she si])?"
2. Measure. Example: 量 [liang](liángdù - measure). From Emperor Wen of Han's Edict on Assisting the People (漢 [han]．文帝 [wen di]〈議佐百姓詔 [yi zuo bai xing zhao]〉): "Indeed, measuring the land (田 [tian]) does not diminish it (非益寡 [fei yi gua]), and counting the people (計民 [ji min]) has not increased their number (未加益 [wei jia yi])."
度：[動]
1.考慮、推測。如：「審度」、「揣度」。《詩經．大雅．抑》：「神之格思，不可度思矧可射思。」
2.測量。如：「量度」。漢．文帝〈議佐百姓詔〉：「夫度田非益寡，而計民未加益。」
dù:[dòng]
1. kǎo lǜ,, tuī cè. rú: “shěn dù” ,, “chuāi dù” . < shī jīng． dà yǎ． yì>: “shén zhī gé sī, bù kě dù sī shěn kě shè sī.”
2. cè liàng. rú: “liàng dù” . hàn． wén dì 〈yì zuǒ bǎi xìng zhào〉: “fū dù tián fēi yì guǎ, ér jì mín wèi jiā yì.”
du:[dong]
1. kao lu,, tui ce. ru: "shen du" ,, "chuai du" . < shi jing. da ya. yi>: "shen zhi ge si, bu ke du si shen ke she si."
2. ce liang. ru: "liang du" . han. wen di
1) 凟 ts = dú p refers to “variant of 瀆 | 渎 [du2]”.
2) 匵 ts = dú p refers to “old variant of 櫝 | 椟 [du2]”..
3) 厾 ts = dū p refers to “to tap lightly”..
4) 嘟 ts = dū p refers to “toot/honk/to pout”..
5) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to “to block up (a road, pipe etc)/to stop up (a hole)/(fig.) (of a person) choked up with anxiety or stress/wall (literary)/(classifier for walls)”..
6) 妒 ts = dù p refers to “to envy (success, talent)/jealous”..
7) 妬 t = 妒 s = dù p refers to “variant of 妒 [du4]”..
8) 度 ts = dù p refers to “to pass/to spend (time)/measure/limit/extent/degree of intensity/degree (angles, temperature etc)/kilowatt-hour/classifier for events and occurrences”..
9) 度 ts = dù p refers to “to estimate/Taiwan pr. [duo4]”..
10) 杜 ts = dù p refers to “surname Du”..
11) 杜 ts = dù p refers to “birchleaf pear (tree)/to stop/to prevent/to restrict”..
12) 櫝 t = 椟 s = dú p refers to “cabinet/case/casket”..
13) 殰 t = 㱩 s = dú p refers to “abortion/stillborn”..
14) 毒 ts = dú p refers to “poison/to poison/poisonous/malicious/cruel/fierce/narcotics”..
15) 渡 ts = dù p refers to “to cross/to pass through/to ferry”..
16) 瀆 t = 渎 s = dú p refers to “disrespectful/(literary) ditch”..
17) 牘 t = 牍 s = dú p refers to “documents”..
18) 犢 t = 犊 s = dú p refers to “calf/sacrificial victim”..
19) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to “alone/independent/single/sole/only”..
20) 督 ts = dū p refers to “(bound form) to supervise”..
21) 睹 ts = dǔ p refers to “to observe/to see”..
22) 碡 ts = dú p refers to “stone roller (for threshing grain, leveling ground etc)/Taiwan pr. [du2]”..
23) 篤 t = 笃 s = dǔ p refers to “serious (illness)/sincere/true”..
24) 肚 ts = dù p refers to “tripe”..
25) 肚 ts = dù p refers to “belly”..
26) 芏 ts = dù p refers to “used in 茳芏 [jiang1 du4]/Taiwan pr. [tu3]”..
27) 蝳 ts = dú p refers to “see 蝳蝐 [dai4 mao4]”..
28) 螙 ts = dù p refers to “variant of 蠹 [du4]”..
29) 蠧 ts = dù p refers to “variant of 蠹 [du4]”..
30) 蠹 ts = dù p refers to “insect that eats into books, clothing etc/moth-eaten/worm-eaten”..
31) 覩 t = 睹 s = dǔ p refers to “old variant of 睹 [du3]”..
32) 読 ts = dú p refers to “Japanese variant of 讀 | 读 [du2]”..
33) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to “comma/phrase marked by pause”..
34) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to “to read out; to read aloud/to read/to attend (school); to study (a subject in school)/to pronounce”..
35) 讟 t = 𮙋 s = dú p refers to “to murmur/to slander”..
36) 賭 t = 赌 s = dǔ p refers to “to bet; to gamble”..
37) 贕 ts = dú p refers to “still-born chick (in unhatched egg)/variant of 殰 | 㱩 [du2]”..
38) 鍍 t = 镀 s = dù p refers to “to plate (with gold, silver etc)/(prefix) -plated”..
39) 闍 t = 阇 s = dū p refers to “defensive platform over gate/barbican”..
40) 闍 t = 阇 s = dū p refers to “(used in transliteration from Sanskrit)”..
41) 韣 ts = dú p refers to “bow case”..
42) 髑 ts = dú p refers to “used in 髑髏 | 髑髅 [du2 lou2]”..
43) 黷 t = 黩 s = dú p refers to “blacken/constantly/to insult”..
44) 𩵚 t = 𬶂 s = dù p refers to “used in 𩵚魠魚 | 𬶂𱇏鱼 [tu3 tuo1 yu2]”..
1) 渡 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to cross; to ferry over”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '渡 [du]'; Guoyu '渡 [du]' v 1; Kroll 2015 '渡 [du]' 1, p. 94; Unihan '渡 [du]'; XHZD '渡 [du]' 1, p. 163).
2) 渡 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to pass through; to surpass”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '渡 [du]'; Guoyu '渡 [du]' v 2; Kroll 2015 '渡 [du]' 1a, p. 94)..
3) 渡 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to pass on; to hand over”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '渡 [du]' v 3)..
4) 渡 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “a crossing”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '渡 [du]' n; Kroll 2015 '渡 [du]' 2, p. 94; XHZD '渡 [du]' 2, p. 163)..
5) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to stop; to prevent”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: As in 杜塞 [du sai] (CC-CEDICT '杜 [du]'; Guoyu '杜 [du]' v 1; Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 3, p. 94; Unihan '杜 [du]'; XHZD '杜 [du]' 2, p. 162)..
6) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to restrict”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '杜 [du]'; Unihan '杜 [du]')..
7) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [proper noun] “Du”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Surname 姓氏 [xing shi]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '杜 [du]'; Guoyu '杜 [du]' n 2; Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 6, p. 94; Unihan '杜 [du]')..
8) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “birchleaf pear”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Botany , Concept: Tree 树 [shu]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '杜 [du]'; Guoyu '杜 [du]' n 1; Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 1, p. 94; XHZD '杜 [du]' 1, p. 162)..
9) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “pollia”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Botany , Concept: Plant 植物 [zhi wu]; Notes: A flowering shrub (Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 2, p. 94)..
10) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to misrepresent”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 4, p. 94)..
11) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “a hawk cuckoo”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Zoology , Concept: Bird 鸟 [niao]; Notes: See 杜鹃 [du juan] (Kroll 2015 '杜 [du]' 5, p. 94)..
12) 杜 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to refuse; to decline”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 拒绝 [ju jue] (Guoyu '杜 [du]' v 2)..
13) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adjective] “alone; independent; single; sole”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: 独 [du] is used in this sense as an adjective and as an adverb in Literary Chinese (Guoyu '獨 [du]' adj; Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 1; NCCED '独 [du]' 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 133; Unihan '獨 [du]'). For example, 孟子獨不與驩言 [meng zi du bu yu huan yan] 'There is only Mencius who does not speak to me ...' (Mengzi: 8.27/43/27, translation by Legge)..
14) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “to be independent”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 专断 [zhuan duan] (Guoyu '獨 [du]' adv 4; Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 3; NCCED '独 [du]' 3)..
15) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [noun] “an elderly person without children”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '獨 [du]' n; Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 1b; NCCED '独 [du]' 2)..
16) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “only”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 只 [zhi] (Guoyu '獨 [du]' adv 1; Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 4; NCCED '独 [du]' 4)..
17) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “uniquely”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 2; NCCED '独 [du]' 5)..
18) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adjective] “intolerant”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (NCCED '独 [du]' 6)..
19) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “lonely”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 1a)..
20) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “yet; still”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 偏偏 [pian pian] (Guoyu '獨 [du]' adv 2; Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 5)..
21) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [adverb] “especially”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 6)..
22) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [particle] “particle suggesting disbelief”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 7)..
23) 獨 t = 独 s = dú p refers to [noun] “doucs; douc langurs”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A kind of old world monkey in the genus Pygathrix (Kroll 2015 '獨 [du]' 8)..
24) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [noun] “poison; venom”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: As in 中毒 [zhong du] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' n 2; Kroll 2015 '毒 [du]' 1; Unihan '毒 [du]')..
25) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [adjective] “poisonous”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (Guoyu '毒 [du]' adj 2; Kroll 2015 '毒 [du]' 1; Unihan '毒 [du]')..
26) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [verb] “to poison”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (Guoyu '毒 [du]' v 3)..
27) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [verb] “to endanger”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '毒 [du]' 2)..
28) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [verb] “to lothe; to hate”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 怨恨 [yuan hen] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' v 1; Kroll 2015 '毒 [du]' 3)..
29) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [noun] “a disaster”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 祸害 [huo hai] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' n 1)..
30) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [noun] “narcotics”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: As in 毒品 [du pin] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' n 3)..
31) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [verb] “to harm”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 伤害 [shang hai] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' v 2)..
32) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [adjective] “harmful”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '毒 [du]' adj 1)..
33) 毒 ts = dú p refers to [adjective] “harmful”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 凶狠 [xiong hen]or 猛烈 [meng lie] (Guoyu '毒 [du]' adj 3)..
34) 犢 t = 犊 s = dú p refers to [noun] “a calf”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '犢 [du]'; Guoyu '犢 [du]' n 1; Unihan '犢 [du]')..
35) 犢 t = 犊 s = dú p refers to [proper noun] “Du”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Surname 姓氏 [xing shi]; Notes: (Guoyu '犢 [du]' n 2)..
36) 犢 t = 犊 s = dú p refers to [noun] “a victim to be sacrificed”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '犢 [du]')..
37) 覩 ts = dǔ p refers to [verb] “to see; to observe; to witness”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Archaic variant of 睹 [du] (CC-CEDICT '覩 [du]'; Guoyu '覩 [du]'; Mathews 1931 '覩 [du]', p. 119; Unihan '覩 [du]')..
38) 妬 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to envy; to be jealous”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Archaic variant of 妒 [du] (CC-CEDICT '妬 [du]'; Guoyu '妬 [du]'; Unihan '妬 [du]')..
39) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to [verb] “to read”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 阅读 [yue du] (Guoyu '讀 [du]' v 2; Unihan '讀 [du]')..
40) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to [verb] “to investigate”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 研究 [yan jiu] (Guoyu '讀 [du]' v 3)..
41) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to [verb] “to pronounce; to read aloud”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 唸 [nian] (Guoyu '讀 [du]' v 1; Unihan '讀 [du]')..
42) 讀 t = 读 s = dú p refers to [noun] “comma; phrase marked by pause”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: Same as 逗 [dou] (Guoyu '讀 [du]' dòu)..
43) 度 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “capacity; degree; a standard; a measure”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 1, pp. 93-94; ABC 'du' bf 1, 2)..
44) 度 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to estimate; to calculate”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 2, pp. 93-94)..
45) 度 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to pass; to transit; to cross; to ferry over; to go beyond”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 3, pp. 93-94; ABC 'dù' v; NCCED '度 [du]' 1)..
46) 度 ts = dù p refers to [measure word] “amount”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Quantity; Notes: This measured word is most often used for temperature, angles, and other kinds of degree (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 5, pp. 93-94; ABC 'du' m 1)..
47) 度 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to save; to rescue; to liberate; to overcome”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: The origin of this term is to ferry over the sea of suffering to the other shore, Nirvana (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 4b, pp. 93-94; NCCED '度 [du]' 3)...
48) 度 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “musical or poetic rhythm”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 1a, pp. 93-94)..
49) 度 ts = dù p refers to [noun] “conduct; bearing”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '度 [du]' 5, pp. 93-94)..
50) 度 ts = dù p refers to [measure word] “a time”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Time; Notes: (ABC 'dù' m; NCCED '度 [du]' 2)..
51) 度 ts = dù p refers to [verb] “to spend time; to pass time”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Leisure; Notes: As in 度假 [du jia] 'take vacation' (ABC 'dù' v 1; NCCED '度 [du]' 2)..
52) 度 ts = dù p refers to [measure word] “kilowatt-hour”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Physics; Notes: (ABC 'dù' m 2)..
53) 度 ts = dù p refers to [suffix] “degree”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Physics; Notes: In this use 度 [du] is a nominalizing suffix, for example, in 尺度 [chi du] 'yardstick'， 速度 [su du] 'speed', 透明度 [tou ming du] 'transparency', and 能见度 [neng jian du] 'visibility' (Sun 2006, loc. 714)..
54) 闍 t = 阇 s = dū p refers to [noun] “Buddhist monk”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '闍 [du]')..
55) 闍 t = 阇 s = dū p refers to [noun] “defensive platform over gate; barbican”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '闍 [du]' n; Unihan '闍 [du]')..
56) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to [verb] “to stop up”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 阻塞 [zu sai], as in 堵塞 [du sai] (Guoyu '堵 [du]' v 1; Unihan '堵 [du]')..
57) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to [verb] “to stop; to prevent”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (Guoyu '堵 [du]' v 2; Unihan '堵 [du]')..
58) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to [noun] “a wall”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Synonymous with 墙 [qiang] in this sense (Guoyu '堵 [du]' n 1; Unihan '堵 [du]')..
59) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to [measure word] “a section [of wall]”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A measure word for walls (Guoyu '堵 [du]' n 2)..
60) 堵 ts = dǔ p refers to [proper noun] “Du”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Surname 姓氏 [xing shi]; Notes: (Guoyu '堵 [du]' n 3)..
1) 犢 [dú] refers to: “calf”.
犢 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 牛子.
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] トク / toku.
2) 杜 [dù] refers to: “close”.
杜 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 塞; 近; 邇; 閉.
[Vietnamese] đỗ.
[Korean] 두 / du.
[Japanese] ト / to.
3) 度 [dù] refers to: “cross over (to the shore of liberation)”.
度 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 令出; 乃至; 住; 推度; 虛度; 趣向; 過; 免; 出; 度脫; 消除; 除; 通達; 救濟; 解; 解脫; 離; 免出; 出離; 救療; 除差; 攝護; 濟; 濟拔; 能救; 覆陰; 擯出; 驅出; 到彼岸; 婆羅蜜; 度無極; 彼岸; 德; 極過度; 波羅密多; 波羅密; 波羅蜜; 波羅蜜多; 無極; 蜜多; 諸波羅蜜; 出過; 能越; 超; 越; 過度; 遠離; 度他; 得度; 作; 供養; 度弟子; 得; 攝受; 活命; 生; 畜; 行; 起; 轉增; 近住; 停在; 受具足; 弟子; 超度; 得調伏; 開化; 行步; 蹈; 令得解脫; 顯; 侵犯; 害; 惱; 所犯; 毀犯; 犯; 越罪; 違反; 違犯; 違越; 積.
[Sanskrit] abhyuddharaṇa; atināmayati; avataraṇatā; mocayati; nayati; nistīraṇatā; otārenti; parimocana; parimocayati; paritrāṇatā; pratyutīrṇa; pratārayati; pravrājayati; pāramitā; samatikramaṇa; tārayati; tāyaṇa; uddharati; upasthāpayati; upasthāpita; uttarana; uttārayati; vaineyika; vikrānta-gāmin; vimocayati; vyatikrama; vyāvṛtya.
[Vietnamese] độ.
[Korean] 도 / do.
[Japanese] ド / do.
4) 渡 [dù] refers to: “cross over”.
渡 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 亙; 濟; 越.
[Tibetan] rgal ba.
[Vietnamese] đò.
[Korean] 도 / do.
[Japanese] ト / to.
5) 妒 [dù] refers to: “envy”.
妒 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 嫉; 嫉妒.
[Vietnamese] đố.
[Korean] 투 / tu.
[Japanese] ト / to.
6) 妬 [dù] refers to: “jealous”.
妬 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 一; 爲一; 略; 略有二種; 略說; 非多; 一分; 一類; 同位; 有一; 有一隨感; 有一類; 有人; 一緣住.
[Sanskrit] aikadhyam; avicitra; ekadhyam; ekatya; ekoti-bhāva; ekāgratā; ekāṅka.
[Vietnamese] đố.
[Korean] 투 / tu.
[Japanese] ト / to.
7) 睹 [dǔ] refers to: “look at”.
睹 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 看; 瞻覩; 覩; 觀覩; 請看.
[Vietnamese] đổ.
[Korean] 도 / do.
[Japanese] ミル / miru.
8) 覩 [dǔ] refers to: “look at”.
覩 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 看; 睹; 瞻覩; 觀覩; 請看; 照.
[Sanskrit] ālokayati; ālokitavya.
[Tibetan] bltas pa; cung zad bltas pa; cung zad lta bar byed pa; mthong ba; mthong bar 'gyur ba.
[Vietnamese] đổ.
[Korean] 도 / do.
[Japanese] ミル / ト.
9) 獨 [dú] refers to: “only”.
獨 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 但; 但唯; 但是; 唯; 唯但; 啻; 如一; 一切時; 一向; 單; 純一; 耳; 能.
[Sanskrit] ekaṃ; kevalam; na...saha.
[Tibetan] 'ba' zhig; gcig; gcig pu; ma 'dres pa; nyi tshe ba.
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] ドク / doku.
10) 毒 [dú] refers to: “poison”.
毒 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 毒藥; 蠱毒.
[Sanskrit] ugra-viṣa.
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] ドク / doku.
11) 讀 [dú] refers to: “read”.
讀 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 云; 作是說; 誦; 說.
[Sanskrit] paṭhyate.
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] ドク / doku.
12) 髑 [dú] refers to: “skull”.
髑 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 劫波杯; 劫波羅; 髏; 髑髏.
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 촉 / chok.
[Japanese] トク / toku.
13) 闍 [dū] refers to: “tower”.
闍 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 樓閣; 臺.
[Vietnamese] xà.
[Korean] 사 / sa.
[Japanese] ジャ / ja.
14) 篤 [dǔ] refers to: “warm”.
篤 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 暄; 暖; 溫; 煖; 燸.
[Vietnamese] đốc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] トク / toku.
15) 肚 [dù] refers to: “stomach”.
肚 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] đỗ.
[Korean] 두 / du.
[Japanese] ト / to.
16) 瀆 [dú] refers to: “ditch”.
瀆 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] độc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] トク / toku.
17) 牘 [dú] refers to: “placard”.
牘 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] dộc.
[Korean] 독 / dok.
[Japanese] ドク / doku.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+29): Dabba, Dabbha, Dou, Du chong, Du dou, Du du, Du grak, Du heng, Du huo, Du huong hua, Du jiao gan, Du jiao jin, Du juan, Du juan hua, Du kae, Du li, Du li hua, Du mao siam, Du ntha, Du qin.
Full-text (+34612): Adu, Dusi, Dona, Shi du, Du li, Du ji, Shen du, Ji du, Duhsparsha, Duhsaha, Du zi, Duhshasana, Wei du, Yi du, Dulu, Jian du, Andu, Gong du, Du shu, Duti.
Relevant text
Search found 656 books and stories containing Du, Ḍū, Ḍu, Dū, Dù, Dú, Dǔ, Dư, Dụ, Dũ, Dữ, Dự, Shé, She, 凟, 匵, 厾, 嘟, 堵, 妒, 妬, 度, 杜, 椟, 櫝, 殰, 毒, 渎, 渡, 瀆, 牍, 牘, 犊, 犢, 独, 獨, 督, 睹, 碡, 笃, 篤, 肚, 芏, 蝳, 螙, 蠧, 蠹, 裻, 覩, 読, 讀, 讟, 读, 賭, 贕, 赌, 鍍, 镀, 闍, 阇, 韣, 髑, 黩, 黷, 㱩, 𩵚; (plurals include: Shés, Shes). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Sutta 48: The Dragon Kings and the Poisonous Viper < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Sutta 9: The Noble "Universal Giver" < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Sutta 6: The Parable of the Four Venomous Snakes < [Part 125 - Ekottara-Agama (Numbered Discourses)]
The Great Chariot (by Longchenpa)
Part 4 - The impermanence of the Vessel and Contents < [B. The extended explanation]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 974 < [English-Mizo (1 volume)]
Page 875 < [English-Mizo (1 volume)]
Page 289 < [English-Mizo (1 volume)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Blue Annals (deb-ther sngon-po) (by George N. Roerich)
Chapter 5b - The Separate Lineage (brgyud pa thor bu ba) < [Book 12 - Peace-Making Lineages]
Chapter 1b - Detailed transmission history from dynastic period < [Book 3 - Early translations of Secret Mantra]
Chapter 7 - Tibetan imperial lines < [Book 1 - The beginning of the story of the Doctrine]
Kailash: Journal of Himalayan Studies
Part 4 - Domination of Se-rib by Shes-rab-bla-ma and his descendants at Lo < [Notes on the History of Serib, and Nearby Places in the Upper Kali Gandaki Valley]
Lay Religious Movements in 11th and 12th Century Tibet < [Volume 18, Number 3-4 (1996)]
Vie et chants de 'Brug-pa Kun-legs Le Yogin: A Review < [Volume 1, Number 1 (1973)]
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