Apurna, Apūrṇa, Āpūrṇa: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Apurna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Apurn.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Shaktism
Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण) refers to “complete”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “(Kubjikā) is the colour of (dark) blue collyrium. [...] (The snake) Ananta is said to be the anklet of her feet. Karkoṭa around (her) waist is said to be (her) belt. Takṣaka is the sacred thread and the necklace around (her) neck is Vāsuki. Kulika, adorned with tortoise earrings, is said to be on (her) ears. Padma and Mahāpadma are on the middle of (her) eyebrows. Thousands of snakes adorn all (her) arms. (She is) adorned with a garland of flames (that surrounds her) and she shines like thousands of lightning flashes. Such is the venerable Kubjikā’s form. One should think of it as such until it is complete [i.e., āpūrṇa]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism
Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण) refers to “(being) filled”, according to the 13th-century Matsyendrasaṃhitā: a Kubjikā-Tripurā oriented Tantric Yoga text of the Ṣaḍanvayaśāmbhava tradition from South India.—Accordingly, “[Visualisation of Śakti]:—[...] The tilaka-mark on her forehead is made with musk thickened with camphor. She has lotus-eyes. She is adorned with rings, armlets, anklets, necklaces etc. Her beautiful lotus face resembles the spotless moon. Her mouth is filled with betel (tāmbūla-āpūrṇa-vadanā). Her breasts are like golden jars. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण) refers to “being full of (Garuḍas)”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [as the Bhagavān teaches an offering manual]: “A wax Garuḍa should be made. [...] On the same day all Nāgas send down rain showers. If they do not send rain on the same day, then they see the Nāga residence full of Garuḍas (garuḍa-āpūrṇa) all around. They will become a single flame. Hot sand will fall on their heads and skulls. The water will dry up. If there is too much rain, he shows it towards the clouds and stops the rain. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
apūrṇa (अपूर्ण).—a (S) Not filled or full; deficient or incomplete; defective or not entire; imperfect or not adept.
apūrṇa (अपूर्ण).—a Incomplete. Deficient. Defective, imperfect.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण).—a. Not full or completed, incomplete, deficient, imperfect; अपूर्णमेकेन शतक्रतूनाम् (apūrṇamekena śatakratūnām) R.3.38; अपूर्ण एव पञ्चरात्रे दोहदस्य (apūrṇa eva pañcarātre dohadasya) M.3.
-rṇam Incomplete number or fraction.
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Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण).—p. p. Filled &c; आपूर्णश्च कलाभिरिन्दुरमलः (āpūrṇaśca kalābhirinduramalaḥ) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 9.39.
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण).—mfn.
(-rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇaṃ) Incomplete, not full or entire. m.
(-ṇaḥ) A fraction. 2. An incomplete number. E. a neg. pūrṇa full.
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण).—[adjective] not full; less by ([instrumental]).
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Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण).—[adjective] filled with ([instrumental] or —°), full.
1) Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):—[=a-pūrṇa] mfn. not full or entire, incomplete, deficient
2) [v.s. ...] n. an incomplete number, a fraction.
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):—[tatpurusha compound] 1. m. f. n.
(-rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇam) Not full, incomplete. 2. n.
(-rṇam) An incomplete quantity, a fraction. E. a neg. and pūrṇa.
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):—(3. a + pūrṇa) adj. nicht voll: carumapūrṇam [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 4, 1, 5. 7.] nicht ganz, gebrochen, von einer Zahl [Algebra 13.]
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Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):—nicht voll, von einem Consonanten (vyañjana) gesagt [Scholiast] zu [Prātiśākha zum Atharvaveda] [S. 261 (I, 8).] n. ein best. Fehler des Satzbaues: Unterbrechung, Anakoluthon [PRATĀPAR. 63,b.]
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):——
1) Adj. — a) nicht voll ekena woran nur Eins fehlt [91,2.] — b) nicht ganz , gebrochen (Zahi). —
2) n. Anakoluth.
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Apuṇṇa, Appuṇṇa, Apphuṇṇa, Apphunna, Āuṇṇa, Āpuṇṇa, Āvuṇṇa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण) [Also spelled apurn]:—(a) incomplete, unfinished; imperfect, deficient; hence ~[tā] (nf); ~[bhūta] past imperfect (tense).
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Kannada-English dictionary
Apūrṇa (ಅಪೂರ್ಣ):—[adjective] incomplete a) lacking a part or parts; not whole; not full ; b) unfinished; not concluded; c) not perfect; not thorough.
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Āpūrṇa (ಆಪೂರ್ಣ):—[adjective] full off; filled with.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Apūrṇa (अपूर्ण):—adj. 1. not full; 2. incomplete; 3. Gram. imperfect; continuous; 4. inefficient; deficient; 5. partial;
2) Āpūrṇa (आपूर्ण):—adj. filled;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Purna, A.
Starts with (+0): Apurnabhutakala, Apurnagrahana, Apurnakala, Apurnakalaja, Apurnakriyapada, Apurnamandala, Apurnamaphi, Apurnamsha, Apurnanka, Apurnankaganita, Apurnaparivarti, Apurnata, Apurnate.
Full-text (+5): Apurnata, Apurnakala, Samapurna, Apurnakalaja, Apurnagrahana, Apphunna, Apunna, Tambulapurna, Appunna, Avunna, Garudapurna, Aunna, Apurata, Apurn, Maphi Jamina, Apurti, Apuryamana, Purnapatramaya, Nidra-kalasa, Gangeya.
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Search found 28 books and stories containing Apurna, A-purna, A-pūrṇa, Aapurna, Apūrṇa, Āpūrṇa; (plurals include: Apurnas, purnas, pūrṇas, Aapurnas, Apūrṇas, Āpūrṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.3.67 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]
Verse 1.5.29 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 36 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 52 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 54 < [Tamil-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.19.19 < [Chapter 19 - The Festival on Śrī Kṛṣṇa Return]
Verse 8.13.69 < [Chapter 13 - A Thousand Names of Lord Balarāma]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Appendix 2.3: new and rare words < [Appendices]
Mahapurana of Puspadanta (critical study) (by Ratna Nagesha Shriyan)