Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.74.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दि॒वो यः स्क॒म्भो ध॒रुण॒: स्वा॑तत॒ आपू॑र्णो अं॒शुः प॒र्येति॑ वि॒श्वत॑: । सेमे म॒ही रोद॑सी यक्षदा॒वृता॑ समीची॒ने दा॑धार॒ समिष॑: क॒विः ॥
दिवो यः स्कम्भो धरुणः स्वातत आपूर्णो अंशुः पर्येति विश्वतः । सेमे मही रोदसी यक्षदावृता समीचीने दाधार समिषः कविः ॥
divo yaḥ skambho dharuṇaḥ svātata āpūrṇo aṃśuḥ paryeti viśvataḥ | seme mahī rodasī yakṣad āvṛtā samīcīne dādhāra sam iṣaḥ kaviḥ ||

English translation:

“The supporter of heaven, the prop (of the earth), the Soma-juice who, widely spreading, filling (the vessels), flows in all directions-- may he unite the two great worlds by his own strength; he has upheld them combined; (may he) the sage (bestow) food upon (his worshippers).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The prop of the earth: cf. RV. 9.089.06; may he unite: yakṣat = saṃyojayatu;

Āvṛta = by its own unaided strength

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दि॒वः । यः । स्क॒म्भः । ध॒रुणः॑ । सुऽआ॑ततः । आऽपू॑र्णः । अं॒शुः । प॒रि॒ऽ एति॑ । वि॒श्वतः॑ । सः । इ॒मे इति॑ । म॒ही इति॑ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । य॒क्ष॒त् । आ॒ऽवृता॑ । स॒मी॒ची॒ने इति॑ स॒म्ऽई॒ची॒ने । दा॒हा॒र॒ । सम् । इषः॑ । क॒विः ॥
दिवः । यः । स्कम्भः । धरुणः । सुआततः । आपूर्णः । अंशुः । परि एति । विश्वतः । सः । इमे इति । मही इति । रोदसी इति । यक्षत् । आवृता । समीचीने इति सम्ईचीने । दाहार । सम् । इषः । कविः ॥
divaḥ | yaḥ | skambhaḥ | dharuṇaḥ | su-ātataḥ | āpūrṇaḥ | aṃśuḥ | pari-eti | viśvataḥ | saḥ | ime iti | mahī iti | rodasī iti | yakṣat | āvṛtā | samīcīne itisam-īcīne | dāhāra | sam | iṣaḥ | kaviḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.74.2 English analysis of grammar]

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

ya < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

skambho < skambhaḥ < skambha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“prop.”

dharuṇaḥ < dharuṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“holding; supportive.”

svātata < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

svātata < ātataḥ < ātan < √tan

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“expand; prolong; chant; inflate.”

āpūrṇo < āpūrṇaḥ < āp￞ < √pṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“fill.”

aṃśuḥ < aṃśu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sunbeam; beam; aṃśu [word]; thread.”

paryeti < parī < √i

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“circumambulate; wander; revolve; overwhelm.”

viśvataḥ < viśvatas

[adverb]

“everywhere; around; about.”

seme < sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

seme < ime < idam

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

mahī < mah

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

rodasī < rodas

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“heaven and earth; Earth.”

yakṣad < yakṣat < yaj

[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.

“sacrifice; worship; worship.”

āvṛtā < āvṛt

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“arrival.”

samīcīne < samīcīna

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“combined; real.”

dādhāra < dhṛ

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

iṣaḥ < iṣ

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

kaviḥ < kavi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

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