Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

यथा,

yathā,

karṇāvataṃsaḥ sakhi kaṃsa-śatroḥ puṣpa-srajā mauktika-hārataś ca |
sukarburāṃ kāntim atīva vindan mamāntaraṃ karburitaṃ cakāra ||

karṇa-avataṃsaḥ—the ear ornament on the ear; sakhi—O friend; kaṃsa-śatroḥ—of Kṛṣṇa (“Kaṃsa’s enemy”); puṣpa-srajā—by the garland of flowers; mauktika-hārataḥ—on account of a necklace of pearls; ca—also; su-karburām—very colorful; kāntim—splendor; atīva—intense; vindan—obtaining; mama—my; antaram—inside; karburitam—colorful; cakāra—made.

O sakhī, Kṛṣṇa’s ear ornament, obtaining an intense multicolored resplendence also because of His flower garland and His pearl necklace, made my heart colorful.

atra karṇa-śabdaḥ karṇa-sthiter bodhāya, puṣpa-śabdas tad-utkarṣāya, mauktika-śabdas tu ratnāntarāsamparkasya.

Here the word karṇa (ear) in karṇāvataṃsa (ear ornament on the ear) is used to cause the perception that the ornament is on the ear, and the word puṣpa (flower) in puṣpa-sraj (flower garland) is used to express the high quality of the flowers. However, the word mauktika (pearl) in mauktika-hāra (pearl necklace) is used to signify that there is no other jewel.

Commentary:

The word sraj (garland) already means flower garland, therefore the word puṣpa-sraj (garland of flowers) seems redundant. Similarly, although the word hāra (pearl necklace) could be used by itself, the word mauktika-hāra (a synonym of muktā-hāra)[1] is not considered repetitive. The definition is: hāro muktāvalī, “Hāra means a string of pearls” (Amara-koṣa 2.6.105).

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

The word mauktika means exactly the same as muktā (pearl).The suffix ṭhak is applied after muktā without a change in the meaning of the word, by the rule: vinayādibhyaṣ ṭhak (Aṣṭādhyāyī 5.4.34).

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