Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.71.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बृह॑स्पते प्रथ॒मं वा॒चो अग्रं॒ यत्प्रैर॑त नाम॒धेयं॒ दधा॑नाः । यदे॑षां॒ श्रेष्ठं॒ यद॑रि॒प्रमासी॑त्प्रे॒णा तदे॑षां॒ निहि॑तं॒ गुहा॒विः ॥
बृहस्पते प्रथमं वाचो अग्रं यत्प्रैरत नामधेयं दधानाः । यदेषां श्रेष्ठं यदरिप्रमासीत्प्रेणा तदेषां निहितं गुहाविः ॥
bṛhaspate prathamaṃ vāco agraṃ yat prairata nāmadheyaṃ dadhānāḥ | yad eṣāṃ śreṣṭhaṃ yad aripram āsīt preṇā tad eṣāṃ nihitaṃ guhāviḥ ||
English translation:
“That, Bṛhaspati, is the best (part) of speech which those giving a name (to objects) first utter; thatwhich was the best of those (words) and free from defect, (Sarasvatī) reveals it though secretly imparted, bymeans of affection.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Deity Jñāna: The knowledge of Brahman is identical with the study of the Veda, essentialto divine knowledge; Those...first utter: this refers to children's first utterances; Bṛhaspati says this to himselfwith a smile, having noticed that children know the meaning of the Veda: Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 1.14; Best ofthose words: tat = that knowledge of the Veda
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bṛhaspatiḥ [bṛhaspati];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): jñānam ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बृह॑स्पते । प्र॒थ॒मम् । वा॒चः । अग्र॑म् । यत् । प्र । ऐर॑त । ना॒म॒ऽधेय॑म् । दधा॑नाः । यत् । ए॒षा॒म् । श्रेष्ठ॑म् । यत् । अ॒रि॒प्रम् । आसी॑त् । प्रे॒णा । तत् । ए॒षा॒म् । निऽहि॑तम् । गुहा॑ । आ॒विः ॥
बृहस्पते । प्रथमम् । वाचः । अग्रम् । यत् । प्र । ऐरत । नामधेयम् । दधानाः । यत् । एषाम् । श्रेष्ठम् । यत् । अरिप्रम् । आसीत् । प्रेणा । तत् । एषाम् । निहितम् । गुहा । आविः ॥
bṛhaspate | prathamam | vācaḥ | agram | yat | pra | airata | nāma-dheyam | dadhānāḥ | yat | eṣām | śreṣṭham | yat | aripram | āsīt | preṇā | tat | eṣām | ni-hitam | guhā | āviḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.71.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“travel.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“name; appellation.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“best; better; chief(a); beautiful.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“immaculate; pure; pure; blameless; clear.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[?]
“_”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“put; fill into; stow; insert; ignite; insert; add; put on; establish; keep down.”
[adverb]
“secretly.”
[adverb]
“openly; obviously.”