Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.17.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अपा॑गूहन्न॒मृतां॒ मर्त्ये॑भ्यः कृ॒त्वी सव॑र्णामददु॒र्विव॑स्वते । उ॒ताश्विना॑वभर॒द्यत्तदासी॒दज॑हादु॒ द्वा मि॑थु॒ना स॑र॒ण्यूः ॥
अपागूहन्नमृतां मर्त्येभ्यः कृत्वी सवर्णामददुर्विवस्वते । उताश्विनावभरद्यत्तदासीदजहादु द्वा मिथुना सरण्यूः ॥
apāgūhann amṛtām martyebhyaḥ kṛtvī savarṇām adadur vivasvate | utāśvināv abharad yat tad āsīd ajahād u dvā mithunā saraṇyūḥ ||
English translation:
“The gods concealing the immortal (Sarṇyū) for th esake of mortals and having formed her, gave herto Vivasvat. She bore the two Aśvins when this had happened and then Saraṇyū gave birth to two twins.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Forthe sake of mortals: maryebhyaḥ = manuṣyebhyas tadutpattyartham, for men, i.e. that men might be born. Manuwas the offspring of Vivasvat and the woman resembling Saraṇyū and all men are descended from Manu; thetwo twins: Yama and Yamī, but dvā mithunā, may mean two pairs of twins, Yama and Yamī, the first pairand the Aśvins the second
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devaśravā yāmāyanaḥ [devaśravā yāmāyana];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): saraṇyūḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अप॑ । अ॒गू॒ह॒न् । अ॒मृता॑म् । मर्त्ये॑भ्यः । कृ॒त्वी । सऽव॑र्णाम् । अ॒द॒दुः॒ । विव॑स्वते । उ॒त । अ॒श्विनौ॑ । अ॒भ॒र॒त् । यत् । तत् । आसी॑त् । अज॑हात् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । द्वा । मि॒थु॒ना । स॒र॒ण्यूः ॥
अप । अगूहन् । अमृताम् । मर्त्येभ्यः । कृत्वी । सवर्णाम् । अददुः । विवस्वते । उत । अश्विनौ । अभरत् । यत् । तत् । आसीत् । अजहात् । ऊँ इति । द्वा । मिथुना । सरण्यूः ॥
apa | agūhan | amṛtām | martyebhyaḥ | kṛtvī | sa-varṇām | adaduḥ | vivasvate | uta | aśvinau | abharat | yat | tat | āsīt | ajahāt | oṃ iti | dvā | mithunā | saraṇyūḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.17.2 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“hide.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[noun], ablative, plural, masculine
“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
[verb noun]
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“homophonous; colored.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Surya; sun; Vivasvant; Vivasvant.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“two; dvi [word]; second.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“mated.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine