Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.17.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वष्टा॑ दुहि॒त्रे व॑ह॒तुं कृ॑णो॒तीती॒दं विश्वं॒ भुव॑नं॒ समे॑ति । य॒मस्य॑ मा॒ता प॑र्यु॒ह्यमा॑ना म॒हो जा॒या विव॑स्वतो ननाश ॥
त्वष्टा दुहित्रे वहतुं कृणोतीतीदं विश्वं भुवनं समेति । यमस्य माता पर्युह्यमाना महो जाया विवस्वतो ननाश ॥
tvaṣṭā duhitre vahatuṃ kṛṇotītīdaṃ viśvam bhuvanaṃ sam eti | yamasya mātā paryuhyamānā maho jāyā vivasvato nanāśa ||
English translation:
“Tvaṣṭā celebrates the marriage of his daughter; therefore, the whole world is assembled; but themother of Yama, the newly-married wife of the mighty Vivasvat, disappeared.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Deity Saraṇyū: The legend:Saraṇyū, the daughter of Tvaṣṭā, was given in marriage to Vivasvat, and had by him Yama and Yamī.Intimidated by his ardour, she substituted another feminine le, her shadow, Chāyā, for herself, and going toUttarakuru, changed herself to a mare. Vivasvat begot Manu by Chāyā, when, finding his error, he set off tolook for his wife. Discovering her disguise, he transformed himself to a horse, and had by his wife the twoAśvins
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devaśravā yāmāyanaḥ [devaśravā yāmāyana];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): saraṇyūḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वष्टा॑ । दु॒हि॒त्रे । व॒ह॒तुम् । कृ॒णो॒ति॒ । इति॑ । इ॒दम् । विश्व॑म् । भुव॑नम् । सम् । ए॒ति॒ । य॒मस्य॑ । मा॒ता । प॒रि॒ऽउ॒ह्यमा॑ना । म॒हः । जा॒या । विव॑वस्वतः । न॒ना॒श॒ ॥
त्वष्टा । दुहित्रे । वहतुम् । कृणोति । इति । इदम् । विश्वम् । भुवनम् । सम् । एति । यमस्य । माता । परिउह्यमाना । महः । जाया । विववस्वतः । ननाश ॥
tvaṣṭā | duhitre | vahatum | kṛṇoti | iti | idam | viśvam | bhuvanam | sam | eti | yamasya | mātā | pari-uhyamānā | mahaḥ | jāyā | vivavasvataḥ | nanāśa
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.17.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Tvaṣṭṛ; Viśvakarman; sun.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“daughter; duhitṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“marriage.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[adverb]
“thus; so; iti [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“transport; marry.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“wife; jāyā [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Surya; sun; Vivasvant; Vivasvant.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“disappear; vanish; gasify; fail; perish; lose; bhasmībhū.”