Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.10.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
को अ॒स्य वे॑द प्रथ॒मस्याह्न॒: क ईं॑ ददर्श॒ क इ॒ह प्र वो॑चत् । बृ॒हन्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ धाम॒ कदु॑ ब्रव आहनो॒ वीच्या॒ नॄन् ॥
को अस्य वेद प्रथमस्याह्नः क ईं ददर्श क इह प्र वोचत् । बृहन्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य धाम कदु ब्रव आहनो वीच्या नॄन् ॥
ko asya veda prathamasyāhnaḥ ka īṃ dadarśa ka iha pra vocat | bṛhan mitrasya varuṇasya dhāma kad u brava āhano vīcyā nṝn ||
English translation:
“(Yama speaks). Who knows anything of this (his) first day (of existence)? Who has beheld it? Whohas here revealed it? The dwelling of Mitra and of Varuṇa is vast. What say you, who punishes men with hell?”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Dwelling of Mitra and Varuṇa: the revolution of day and night; what say...hell: what say you, wanton one, falselyabout men? Who punishes: ahanaḥ is a male; therefore, Yamī is made the speaker of the last part of the verse
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): yamī vaivasvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): yamo vaivasvataḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कः । अ॒स्य । वे॒द॒ । प्र॒थ॒मस्य॑ । अह्नः॑ । कः । ई॒म् । द॒द॒र्श॒ । कः । इ॒ह । प्र । वो॒च॒त् । बृ॒हत् । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । वरु॑णस्य । धाम॑ । कत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । ब्र॒वः॒ । आ॒ह॒नः॒ । वीच्या॑ । नॄन् ॥
कः । अस्य । वेद । प्रथमस्य । अह्नः । कः । ईम् । ददर्श । कः । इह । प्र । वोचत् । बृहत् । मित्रस्य । वरुणस्य । धाम । कत् । ऊँ इति । ब्रवः । आहनः । वीच्या । नॄन् ॥
kaḥ | asya | veda | prathamasya | ahnaḥ | kaḥ | īm | dṛrśa | kaḥ | iha | pra | vocat | bṛhat | mitrasya | varuṇasya | dhāma | kat | oṃ iti | bravaḥ | āhanaḥ | vīcyā | nṝn
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.10.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“domain; dwelling; law; appearance; light; race; agreement; color; location.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], vocative, singular, feminine
“aroused; intoxicant.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“deception; seduction.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”