Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.33.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त इन्नि॒ण्यं हृद॑यस्य प्रके॒तैः स॒हस्र॑वल्शम॒भि सं च॑रन्ति । य॒मेन॑ त॒तं प॑रि॒धिं वय॑न्तोऽप्स॒रस॒ उप॑ सेदु॒र्वसि॑ष्ठाः ॥
त इन्निण्यं हृदयस्य प्रकेतैः सहस्रवल्शमभि सं चरन्ति । यमेन ततं परिधिं वयन्तोऽप्सरस उप सेदुर्वसिष्ठाः ॥
ta in niṇyaṃ hṛdayasya praketaiḥ sahasravalśam abhi saṃ caranti | yamena tatam paridhiṃ vayanto 'psarasa upa sedur vasiṣṭhāḥ ||

English translation:

“By the wisdom seated in the heart the Vasiṣṭhas traverse the hidden thousand branched world, andthe Apsarasas sit down wearing the vesture spread out by Yama.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The hidden thousand-branched world: niṇyamsahasravalśam abhisañcaranti, they completely go over the hidden, tirohitam, or durjñānam, ignorant,sahasra valśam, thousand-branched, that is, saṃsāram, the revolving world of various living beings, or thesuccession of many births; the allusion is to the repeated births of Vasiṣṭha, who is the first of the Prajāpatis,or mind-born sons of Brahmā, who is the son of Urvaśī; hṛdayasya praketaiḥ prajñānaiḥ, internalconvictions or knowledge; this may imply the detachment of Vasiṣṭha or his sons from the world. The apsaras sitdown: yamena tatam paridhim vayanto apsarasa upasedur vasiṣṭhāḥ: te vasiṣṭhāḥ, those vasiṣṭhas or thatvasiṣṭha;

Yamena = sarvaniyantrā, by the restrainer or regulator of all; kāraṇātmanā, identical with cause,that is, by acts, as the causes of vital condition; the garb paridhim, vastram, spread, tatam, by him, is herevolution of life and death; janmādipravāhāḥ, weavin, vayantaḥ; connecting this with apsarasaḥ, the myphs,or, the nymph Urvaśī, who sat down or approached in the capacity of a mother, jananitvena, wearing thatvesture which he was destined by former nets to wear

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaputrāḥ;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ta eva ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ते । इत् । नि॒ण्यम् । हृद॑यस्य । प्र॒ऽके॒तैः । स॒हस्र॑ऽवल्शम् । अ॒भि । सम् । च॒र॒न्ति॒ । य॒मेन॑ । त॒तम् । प॒रि॒ऽधिम् । वय॑न्तः । अ॒प्स॒रसः॑ । उप॑ । से॒दुः॒ । वसि॑ष्ठाः ॥
ते । इत् । निण्यम् । हृदयस्य । प्रकेतैः । सहस्रवल्शम् । अभि । सम् । चरन्ति । यमेन । ततम् । परिधिम् । वयन्तः । अप्सरसः । उप । सेदुः । वसिष्ठाः ॥
te | it | niṇyam | hṛdayasya | pra-ketaiḥ | sahasra-valśam | abhi | sam | carant i | yamena | tatam | pari-dhim | vayantaḥ | apsarasaḥ | upa | seduḥ | vasiṣṭhāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.33.9 English analysis of grammar]

ta < te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

in < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

niṇyaṃ < niṇyam < niṇya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“secret; mystery.”

hṛdayasya < hṛdaya

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“heart; heart; mind; hṛdaya [word]; science; thorax; Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā; soul.”

praketaiḥ < praketa

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“sight; knowledge; appearance.”

sahasravalśam < sahasra

[noun], neuter

“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

sahasravalśam < valśam < valśa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“branch.”

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

saṃ < sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

caranti < car

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

yamena < yama

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”

tatam < tan

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”

paridhiṃ < paridhim < paridhi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“covering; circumference; Paridhi; halo; fence.”

vayanto < vayantaḥ < ve

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“weave.”

'psarasa < apsarasaḥ < apsaras

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“Apsaras.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

sedur < seduḥ < sad

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

vasiṣṭhāḥ < vasiṣṭha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Vasiṣṭha; vasiṣṭha [word].”

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