Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.34.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यस्याव॑धीत्पि॒तरं॒ यस्य॑ मा॒तरं॒ यस्य॑ श॒क्रो भ्रात॑रं॒ नात॑ ईषते । वेतीद्व॑स्य॒ प्रय॑ता यतंक॒रो न किल्बि॑षादीषते॒ वस्व॑ आक॒रः ॥
यस्यावधीत्पितरं यस्य मातरं यस्य शक्रो भ्रातरं नात ईषते । वेतीद्वस्य प्रयता यतंकरो न किल्बिषादीषते वस्व आकरः ॥
yasyāvadhīt pitaraṃ yasya mātaraṃ yasya śakro bhrātaraṃ nāta īṣate | vetīd v asya prayatā yataṃkaro na kilbiṣād īṣate vasva ākaraḥ ||

English translation:

Śakra does not turn away from him whose father, whose mother, whose brother he has slain, but is willing to accept his offerings; the regulator (of acts), the bestower of riches, does not turn away from iniquity.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Does not turn away: na ata īṣate = he does not fear, or does not go up or from hence, na bibheti na gacchati vā; whose brother he has slain: avadhīt has the nominative native śakra; in the second line kilviṣād īṣate, he, Indra, does not go from sin, sin is a reference to the sinner, that is, from one who is a patricide or the like, pitrādi vadha yuktāt, that is, he does not turn away from who has committed these crimes; the reason is: veti idvasya prayata, for verily he desires his offerings, prayatāni dadāni

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): saṃvaraṇaḥ prājāpatyaḥ [saṃvaraṇa prājāpatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यस्य॑ । अव॑धीत् । पि॒तर॑म् । यस्य॑ । मा॒तर॑म् । यस्य॑ । श॒क्रोअः । भ्रात॑रम् । न । अतः॑ । ई॒ष॒ते॒ । वेति॑ । इत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । प्रऽय॑ता । य॒त॒म्ऽक॒रः । न । किल्बि॑षात् । ई॒ष॒ते॒ । वस्वः॑ । आ॒ऽक॒रः ॥
यस्य । अवधीत् । पितरम् । यस्य । मातरम् । यस्य । शक्रोअः । भ्रातरम् । न । अतः । ईषते । वेति । इत् । ऊँ इति । अस्य । प्रयता । यतम्करः । न । किल्बिषात् । ईषते । वस्वः । आकरः ॥
yasya | avadhīt | pitaram | yasya | mātaram | yasya | śakroaḥ | bhrātaram | na | ataḥ | īṣate | veti | it | oṃ iti | asya | pra-yatā | yatam-karaḥ | na | kilbiṣāt | īṣate | vasvaḥ | ākaraḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.34.4 English analysis of grammar]

yasyāvadhīt < yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

yasyāvadhīt < avadhīt < vadh

[verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)

“kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”

pitaraṃ < pitaram < pitṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mātaraṃ < mātaram < mātṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

śakro < śakraḥ < śakra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”

bhrātaraṃ < bhrātaram < bhrātṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”

nāta < na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

nāta < atas

[adverb]

“now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”

īṣate < īṣ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

vetīd < veti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”

vetīd < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

v < u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

prayatā < prayam < √yam

[verb noun], accusative, plural

“give; emit; send; transmit.”

yataṅkaro < yataṅkaraḥ < yataṃkara

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

kilbiṣād < kilbiṣāt < kilbiṣa

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“sin; fault; misdemeanor.”

īṣate < īṣ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

vasva < vasvaḥ < vasu

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”

ākaraḥ < ākara

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“mine; group; aṅgārakoṣṭhī; source.”

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