Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.2.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तु॒वि॒ग्रीवो॑ वृष॒भो वा॑वृधा॒नो॑ऽश॒त्र्व१॒॑र्यः सम॑जाति॒ वेद॑: । इती॒मम॒ग्निम॒मृता॑ अवोचन्ब॒र्हिष्म॑ते॒ मन॑वे॒ शर्म॑ यंसद्ध॒विष्म॑ते॒ मन॑वे॒ शर्म॑ यंसत् ॥
तुविग्रीवो वृषभो वावृधानोऽशत्र्वर्यः समजाति वेदः । इतीममग्निममृता अवोचन्बर्हिष्मते मनवे शर्म यंसद्धविष्मते मनवे शर्म यंसत् ॥
tuvigrīvo vṛṣabho vāvṛdhāno 'śatrv aryaḥ sam ajāti vedaḥ | itīmam agnim amṛtā avocan barhiṣmate manave śarma yaṃsad dhaviṣmate manave śarma yaṃsat ||
English translation:
“The many-necked, the showerer (of benefits), ever increasing, collects together the wealth of the enemy without opposition; the immortals have enjoined Agni that he will bestow happiness on the man who offers sacrifice; that he will bestow happiness on the man who offers oblations.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
That he will bestow happiness: barhiṣmate manave śarma yaṃsat is repeated with a slight variation of the first word, haviṣmate
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kumāra ātreyo vṛṣo vā jāra ubhau vā [kumāra ātreya vṛṣa vā jāra ubhau vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdatijagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तु॒वि॒ऽग्रीवः॑ । वृ॒ष॒भः । व॒वृ॒धा॒नः । अ॒श॒त्रु । अ॒र्यः । सम् । अ॒जा॒ति॒ । वेदः॑ । इति॑ । इ॒मम् । अ॒ग्निम् । अ॒मृताः॑ । अ॒वो॒च॒न् । ब॒र्हिष्म॑ते । मन॑वे । शर्म॑ । यं॒स॒त् । ह॒विष्म॑ते । मन॑वे । शर्म॑ । यं॒स॒त् ॥
तुविग्रीवः । वृषभः । ववृधानः । अशत्रु । अर्यः । सम् । अजाति । वेदः । इति । इमम् । अग्निम् । अमृताः । अवोचन् । बर्हिष्मते । मनवे । शर्म । यंसत् । हविष्मते । मनवे । शर्म । यंसत् ॥
tuvi-grīvaḥ | vṛṣabhaḥ | vavṛdhānaḥ | aśatru | aryaḥ | sam | ajāti | vedaḥ | iti | imam | agnim | amṛtāḥ | avocan | barhiṣmate | manave | śarma | yaṃsat | havi ṣmate | manave | śarma | yaṃsat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.2.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun]
“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“neck; grīvā [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“unopposed.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“drive; expel.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“property.”
[adverb]
“thus; so; iti [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“protection; protective covering; refuge; joy.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“sacrificing.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“protection; protective covering; refuge; joy.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”