Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.21.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒वा वस्व॒ इन्द्र॑: स॒त्यः स॒म्राड्ढन्ता॑ वृ॒त्रं वरि॑वः पू॒रवे॑ कः । पुरु॑ष्टुत॒ क्रत्वा॑ नः शग्धि रा॒यो भ॑क्षी॒य तेऽव॑सो॒ दैव्य॑स्य ॥
एवा वस्व इन्द्रः सत्यः सम्राड्ढन्ता वृत्रं वरिवः पूरवे कः । पुरुष्टुत क्रत्वा नः शग्धि रायो भक्षीय तेऽवसो दैव्यस्य ॥
evā vasva indraḥ satyaḥ samrāḍ ḍhantā vṛtraṃ varivaḥ pūrave kaḥ | puruṣṭuta kratvā naḥ śagdhi rāyo bhakṣīya te 'vaso daivyasya ||
English translation:
“Thus (glorified), Indra, who is faithful (to his word), the lord of wealth, the slayer of Vṛtra, bestows rihes on man; so you, the praised of many, give us riches for our pious acts, that I may eat of your divine food.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Bestow riches on man: varivaḥ pūrave kaḥ = manuṣyāya dhanam karoti; or, it may be a reference to a descendant of Puru
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒व । वस्वः॑ । इन्द्रः॑ । स॒त्यः । स॒म्ऽराट् । हन्ता॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । वरि॑वः । पू॒रवे॑ । क॒रिति॑ कः । पुरु॑ऽस्तुत । क्रत्वा॑ । नः॒ । श॒ग्धि॒ । रा॒यः । भ॒क्षी॒य । ते । अव॑सः । दैव्य॑स्य ॥
एव । वस्वः । इन्द्रः । सत्यः । सम्राट् । हन्ता । वृत्रम् । वरिवः । पूरवे । करिति कः । पुरुस्तुत । क्रत्वा । नः । शग्धि । रायः । भक्षीय । ते । अवसः । दैव्यस्य ॥
eva | vasvaḥ | indraḥ | satyaḥ | sam-rāṭ | hantā | vṛtram | varivaḥ | pūrave | karitikaḥ | puru-stuta | kratvā | naḥ | śagdhi | rāyaḥ | bhakṣīya | te | avasaḥ | daivyasya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.21.10 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“true; real; real; faithful; good.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sovereign; ruler.”
[verb], singular, periphrast. future
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“room; varivas [word]; space; escape.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Pūru; Pūru.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; Vishnu; Agni.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“can; invigorate.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”
[verb], singular, Aorist optative
“eat; feed.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“aid; favor; protection.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“divine; divine; celestial.”