Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.21.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ या॒त्विन्द्रोऽव॑स॒ उप॑ न इ॒ह स्तु॒तः स॑ध॒माद॑स्तु॒ शूर॑: । वा॒वृ॒धा॒नस्तवि॑षी॒र्यस्य॑ पू॒र्वीर्द्यौर्न क्ष॒त्रम॒भिभू॑ति॒ पुष्या॑त् ॥
आ यात्विन्द्रोऽवस उप न इह स्तुतः सधमादस्तु शूरः । वावृधानस्तविषीर्यस्य पूर्वीर्द्यौर्न क्षत्रमभिभूति पुष्यात् ॥
ā yātv indro 'vasa upa na iha stutaḥ sadhamād astu śūraḥ | vāvṛdhānas taviṣīr yasya pūrvīr dyaur na kṣatram abhibhūti puṣyāt ||
English translation:
“May Indra come to us for protection, and being praised (by us), may the mighty hero be exhilarated along with (us) at this rite; he whose energies are many; may he, like the radiant sun, recruit his own overpowering vigour.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 20.47; along with us: vasa, with the gods, devai saha; or, asmābhiḥ saha; lie the radiant sun: dyaur na kṣṭram abhibhūti puṣyati, whose many exploits (are celebrated) like the heaven;
Kṣatram = may he, (Indra) cherish (our) strength.
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ । या॒तु॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । अव॑से । उप॑ । नः॒ । इ॒ह । स्तु॒तः । स॒ध॒ऽमात् । अ॒स्तु॒ । शूरः॑ । व॒वृ॒धा॒नः । तवि॑षीः । यस्य॑ । पू॒र्वीः । द्यौः । न । क्ष॒त्रम् । अ॒भिऽभू॑ति । पुष्या॑त् ॥
आ । यातु । इन्द्रः । अवसे । उप । नः । इह । स्तुतः । सधमात् । अस्तु । शूरः । ववृधानः । तविषीः । यस्य । पूर्वीः । द्यौः । न । क्षत्रम् । अभिभूति । पुष्यात् ॥
ā | yātu | indraḥ | avase | upa | naḥ | iha | stutaḥ | sadha-māt | astu | śūraḥ | vavṛdhānaḥ | taviṣīḥ | yasya | pūrvīḥ | dyauḥ | na | kṣatram | abhi-bhūti | puṣyāt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.21.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb noun]
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“laud; praise; declare; stu.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“strength; power.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“superior; overpowering.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“boom; grow; promote; foster.”