Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.1.18
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आदित्प॒श्चा बु॑बुधा॒ना व्य॑ख्य॒न्नादिद्रत्नं॑ धारयन्त॒ द्युभ॑क्तम् । विश्वे॒ विश्वा॑सु॒ दुर्या॑सु दे॒वा मित्र॑ धि॒ये व॑रुण स॒त्यम॑स्तु ॥
आदित्पश्चा बुबुधाना व्यख्यन्नादिद्रत्नं धारयन्त द्युभक्तम् । विश्वे विश्वासु दुर्यासु देवा मित्र धिये वरुण सत्यमस्तु ॥
ād it paścā bubudhānā vy akhyann ād id ratnaṃ dhārayanta dyubhaktam | viśve viśvāsu duryāsu devā mitra dhiye varuṇa satyam astu ||
English translation:
“Thereupon awaking, the (Aṅgirasas) beheld (the cattle set free), and seized upon the precious treasures; the universal gods then came to all (their) dwellings; Mitra and Varuṇa may your truth be (kept) to him who worships (you).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आत् । इत् । प॒श्चा । बु॒बु॒धा॒नाः । वि । अ॒ख्य॒न् । आत् । इत् । रत्न॑म् । धा॒र॒य॒न्त॒ । द्युऽभ॑क्तम् । विश्वे॑ । विश्वा॑सु । दुर्या॑सु । दे॒वाः । मित्र॑ । धि॒ये । व॒रु॒ण॒ । स॒त्यम् । अ॒स्तु॒ ॥
आत् । इत् । पश्चा । बुबुधानाः । वि । अख्यन् । आत् । इत् । रत्नम् । धारयन्त । द्युभक्तम् । विश्वे । विश्वासु । दुर्यासु । देवाः । मित्र । धिये । वरुण । सत्यम् । अस्तु ॥
āt | it | paścā | bubudhānāḥ | vi | akhyan | āt | it | ratnam | dhārayanta | dyu-bhaktam | viśve | viśvāsu | duryāsu | devāḥ | mitra | dhiye | varuṇa | satyam | astu
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.1.18 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“then.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[adverb]
“west; behind; paścā [word]; on all fours; subsequently.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“name; describe; call; enumerate; watch; know.”
[adverb]
“then.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“jewel; wealth; best; treasure; vajra; property; jewel; ruby; jewelry.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“keep; sustain; put; hold; wear; hold; carry; keep alive; suppress; preserve; remember; stow; stop; have; fill into; endure; support; understand; fixate; govern; restrain.”
[noun], masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one's share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“house.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“truth; oath; satya [word]; promise.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”