Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.56.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्री ष॒धस्था॑ सिन्धव॒स्त्रिः क॑वी॒नामु॒त त्रि॑मा॒ता वि॒दथे॑षु स॒म्राट् । ऋ॒ताव॑री॒र्योष॑णास्ति॒स्रो अप्या॒स्त्रिरा दि॒वो वि॒दथे॒ पत्य॑मानाः ॥
त्री षधस्था सिन्धवस्त्रिः कवीनामुत त्रिमाता विदथेषु सम्राट् । ऋतावरीर्योषणास्तिस्रो अप्यास्त्रिरा दिवो विदथे पत्यमानाः ॥
trī ṣadhasthā sindhavas triḥ kavīnām uta trimātā vidatheṣu samrāṭ | ṛtāvarīr yoṣaṇās tisro apyās trir ā divo vidathe patyamānāḥ ||
English translation:
“Rivers, the dwelling-plural ces of the intelligent gods are thrice three; the measurer of the three (worlds) is the sovereign at sacrifices; three feminine le (divinities) of the waters charged with the rains descend from heaven at the thrice (repeated) solemnity.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Each of the three lokas has three divisions; this information is addressed to the river, Sindhavaḥ being in the vocative case; the measurer of the three worlds: the sun or the year; three feminine le divinities: iḷā, sarasvatī and bhāratī
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्री । ष॒धऽस्था॑ । सि॒न्ध॒वः॒ । त्रिः । क॒वी॒नाम् । उ॒त । त्रि॒ऽमा॒ता । वि॒दथे॑षु । स॒म्ऽराट् । ऋ॒तऽव॑रीः । योष॑णाः । ति॒स्रः । अप्याः॑ । त्रिः । आ । दि॒वः । वि॒दथे॑ । पत्य॑मानाः ॥
त्री । षधस्था । सिन्धवः । त्रिः । कवीनाम् । उत । त्रिमाता । विदथेषु । सम्राट् । ऋतवरीः । योषणाः । तिस्रः । अप्याः । त्रिः । आ । दिवः । विदथे । पत्यमानाः ॥
trī | ṣadha-sthā | sindhavaḥ | triḥ | kavīnām | uta | tri-mātā | vidatheṣu | sam-rāṭ | ṛta-varīḥ | yoṣaṇāḥ | tisraḥ | apyāḥ | triḥ | ā | divaḥ | vidathe | patyamānāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.56.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“dwelling; location; home.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“thrice; tris [word].”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun]
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“meeting; wisdom; council.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sovereign; ruler.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“girl; wife.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“aquatic; aquatic.”
[adverb]
“thrice; tris [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“meeting; wisdom; council.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“own; have; master.”