Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.55.18
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वी॒रस्य॒ नु स्वश्व्यं॑ जनास॒: प्र नु वो॑चाम वि॒दुर॑स्य दे॒वाः । षो॒ळ्हा यु॒क्ताः पञ्च॑प॒ञ्चा व॑हन्ति म॒हद्दे॒वाना॑मसुर॒त्वमेक॑म् ॥
वीरस्य नु स्वश्व्यं जनासः प्र नु वोचाम विदुरस्य देवाः । षोळ्हा युक्ताः पञ्चपञ्चा वहन्ति महद्देवानामसुरत्वमेकम् ॥
vīrasya nu svaśvyaṃ janāsaḥ pra nu vocāma vidur asya devāḥ | ṣoḻhā yuktāḥ pañca-pañcā vahanti mahad devānām asuratvam ekam ||
English translation:
“We proclaim, people, the wealth of the hero, (Indra), in horses; the gods know his (affluence); six, or five and five, harnessed to his car, convey him; great and unequalled is the might of the gods.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Six or five: ṣoḷhā yuktāḥ pañcapañca vahanti = either the six seasons of the year, or, by combining the cold and dewy seasons, five; these are figurately Indra's horses.
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā, indraḥ parjanyātmā tvaṣṭā vāgniśca ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वी॒रस्य॑ । नु । सु॒ऽअश्व्य॑म् । ज॒ना॒सः॒ । प्र । नु । वो॒चा॒म॒ । वि॒दुः । अ॒स्य॒ । दे॒वाः । षो॒ळ्हा । यु॒क्ताः । पञ्च॑ऽपञ्च । आ । व॒ह॒न्ति॒ । म॒हत् । दे॒वाना॑म् । अ॒सु॒र॒ऽत्वम् । एक॑म् ॥
वीरस्य । नु । सुअश्व्यम् । जनासः । प्र । नु । वोचाम । विदुः । अस्य । देवाः । षोळ्हा । युक्ताः । पञ्चपञ्च । आ । वहन्ति । महत् । देवानाम् । असुरत्वम् । एकम् ॥
vīrasya | nu | su-aśvyam | janāsaḥ | pra | nu | vocāma | viduḥ | asya | devāḥ | ṣoḷhā | yuktāḥ | pañca-pañca | ā | vahanti | mahat | devānām | asura-tvam | ekam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.55.18 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“sixfold.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], masculine
“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”