Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.29.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
धृत॑व्रता॒ आदि॑त्या॒ इषि॑रा आ॒रे मत्क॑र्त रह॒सूरि॒वाग॑: । शृ॒ण्व॒तो वो॒ वरु॑ण॒ मित्र॒ देवा॑ भ॒द्रस्य॑ वि॒द्वाँ अव॑से हुवे वः ॥
धृतव्रता आदित्या इषिरा आरे मत्कर्त रहसूरिवागः । शृण्वतो वो वरुण मित्र देवा भद्रस्य विद्वाँ अवसे हुवे वः ॥
dhṛtavratā ādityā iṣirā āre mat karta rahasūr ivāgaḥ | śṛṇvato vo varuṇa mitra devā bhadrasya vidvām̐ avase huve vaḥ ||
English translation:
“Ādityas, upholders of pious works, and who are to be sought by all, remove sin far from me, like a woman delivered in secret; knowing, Mitra, Varuṇa and (universal) gods, the good that follows from your hearing our prayers, I invoke you for (our) protection.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Delivered in secret: rahasūriva; rahasyanyairajñāte pradeśe sūyata iti rahasūrvabhicāriṇī = like a loose woman who has child privately and who abandons it in some distant plural ce; this comparison is to the distant removal of sin prayed for
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kūrmo gārtsamado gṛtsamado vā [kūrma gārtsamada gṛtsamada vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
धृत॑ऽव्रताः । आदि॑त्याः । इषि॑राः । आ॒रे । मत् । क॒र्त॒ । र॒ह॒सूःऽइ॑व । आगः॑ । शृ॒ण्व॒तः । वः॒ । वरु॑ण । मित्र॑ । देवाः॑ । भ॒द्रस्य॑ । वि॒द्वान् । अव॑से । हु॒वे॒ । वः॒ ॥
धृतव्रताः । आदित्याः । इषिराः । आरे । मत् । कर्त । रहसूःइव । आगः । शृण्वतः । वः । वरुण । मित्र । देवाः । भद्रस्य । विद्वान् । अवसे । हुवे । वः ॥
dhṛta-vratāḥ | ādityāḥ | iṣirāḥ | āre | mat | karta | rahasūḥ-iva | āgaḥ | śṛṇvataḥ | vaḥ | varuṇa | mitra | devāḥ | bhadrasya | vidvān | avase | huve | vaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.29.1 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun]
“keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“vigorous; bracing; quick.”
[adverb]
“far.”
[noun], ablative, singular
“I; mine.”
[verb], plural, Aorist imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“sū; mother.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“sin; evildoing; mistake.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[verb noun]
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“you.”