Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.23.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒नी॒तिभि॑र्नयसि॒ त्राय॑से॒ जनं॒ यस्तुभ्यं॒ दाशा॒न्न तमंहो॑ अश्नवत् । ब्र॒ह्म॒द्विष॒स्तप॑नो मन्यु॒मीर॑सि॒ बृह॑स्पते॒ महि॒ तत्ते॑ महित्व॒नम् ॥
सुनीतिभिर्नयसि त्रायसे जनं यस्तुभ्यं दाशान्न तमंहो अश्नवत् । ब्रह्मद्विषस्तपनो मन्युमीरसि बृहस्पते महि तत्ते महित्वनम् ॥
sunītibhir nayasi trāyase janaṃ yas tubhyaṃ dāśān na tam aṃho aśnavat | brahmadviṣas tapano manyumīr asi bṛhaspate mahi tat te mahitvanam ||
English translation:
“You lead men, Bṛhaspati, by virtuous instrumental uctions; you preserve them (from calamity); sin will never overtake him who presents (offerings) to you; you are the afflicter of him who hates (holy) prayers; you are the punisher of wrath; such is your great mightiness.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Him who hates holy prayers: brahmadviṣaḥ = those who hate either the brāhmaṇas,or the mantras or prayers
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bṛhaspatiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒नी॒तिऽभिः॑ । न॒य॒सि॒ । त्राय॑से । जन॑म् । यः । तुभ्य॑म् । दाशा॑त् । न । तम् । अंहः॑ । अ॒श्न॒व॒त् । ब्र॒ह्म॒ऽद्विषः॑ । तप॑नः । म॒न्यु॒ऽमीः । अ॒सि॒ । बृह॑स्पते । महि॑ । तत् । ते॒ । म॒हि॒ऽत्व॒नम् ॥
सुनीतिभिः । नयसि । त्रायसे । जनम् । यः । तुभ्यम् । दाशात् । न । तम् । अंहः । अश्नवत् । ब्रह्मद्विषः । तपनः । मन्युमीः । असि । बृहस्पते । महि । तत् । ते । महित्वनम् ॥
sunīti-bhiḥ | nayasi | trāyase | janam | yaḥ | tubhyam | dāśāt | na | tam | aṃhaḥ | aśnavat | brahma-dviṣaḥ | tapanaḥ | manyu-mīḥ | asi | bṛhaspate | mahi | tat | te | mahi-tvanam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.23.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“Sunīti.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“protect; help.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“sacrifice; give.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“trouble; sin.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“get; reach; enter (a state).”
[noun], neuter
“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“hostile; hating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“great; firm.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“greatness.”