Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.115.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
चि॒त्रं दे॒वाना॒मुद॑गा॒दनी॑कं॒ चक्षु॑र्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्या॒ग्नेः । आप्रा॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं॒ सूर्य॑ आ॒त्मा जग॑तस्त॒स्थुष॑श्च ॥
चित्रं देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः । आप्रा द्यावापृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थुषश्च ॥
citraṃ devānām ud agād anīkaṃ cakṣur mitrasya varuṇasyāgneḥ | āprā dyāvāpṛthivī antarikṣaṃ sūrya ātmā jagatas tasthuṣaś ca ||
English translation:
“Thewonderful hostof rays has risen; th eye of Mitra, Varuṇa and Agni; the sun, the soul of all that moves or is immoveable, has filled (with his glory) the heaven, the earth, and the firmament.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Agni: cākṣus = the enlightener. Mitra, Varuṇa and Agni are typical of the world, or of the seasons, perhaps, over which they preside. ātmā jagataḥ = the soul of the world, from his pervading and animating all things; jagataḥ, of what is moveable; tathuṣaḥ, of that which is fixed. The sun is the cause of all effects, whether moveableor immoveable: sa hi sarvasya sthāvarajaṅgamātmakasya kāryavargasya kāraṇam
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sūryaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
चि॒त्रम् । दे॒वाना॑म् । उत् । अ॒गा॒त् । अनी॑कम् । चक्षुः॑ । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । वरु॑णस्य । अ॒ग्नेः । आ । अ॒प्राः॒ । द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इति॑ । अ॒न्तरि॑क्षम् । सूर्यः॑ । आ॒त्मा । जग॑तः । त॒स्थुषः॑ । च॒ ॥
चित्रम् । देवानाम् । उत् । अगात् । अनीकम् । चक्षुः । मित्रस्य । वरुणस्य । अग्नेः । आ । अप्राः । द्यावापृथिवी इति । अन्तरिक्षम् । सूर्यः । आत्मा । जगतः । तस्थुषः । च ॥
citram | devānām | ut | agāt | anīkam | cakṣuḥ | mitrasya | varuṇasya | agneḥ | ā | aprāḥ | dyāvāpṛthivī iti | antarikṣam | sūryaḥ | ātmā | jagataḥ | tasthuṣaḥ | ca
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.115.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“army; face; battalion; battlefront; point; appearance.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“eye; look; visual perception; cakṣus [word]; sight.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“self; nature; Ātman; mind; soul; self; body; character; ātman [word]; person; life; peculiarity.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“movable; Jagatī; moving.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”