Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.83.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
य॒ज्ञैरथ॑र्वा प्रथ॒मः प॒थस्त॑ते॒ तत॒: सूर्यो॑ व्रत॒पा वे॒न आज॑नि । आ गा आ॑जदु॒शना॑ का॒व्यः सचा॑ य॒मस्य॑ जा॒तम॒मृतं॑ यजामहे ॥
यज्ञैरथर्वा प्रथमः पथस्तते ततः सूर्यो व्रतपा वेन आजनि । आ गा आजदुशना काव्यः सचा यमस्य जातममृतं यजामहे ॥
yajñair atharvā prathamaḥ pathas tate tataḥ sūryo vratapā vena ājani | ā gā ājad uśanā kāvyaḥ sacā yamasya jātam amṛtaṃ yajāmahe ||
English translation:
“Atharvan first by sacrifices discovered the path (of the stolen cattle); then the bright sun, the cherisher of pious acts, was born. Atharvan regained the cattle; Kāvya (Uṣanās) was associated with him. Let us worship the immortal (Indra), who was born to restrain (the asuras).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Ajani, was born: 'the sun appeared, in order to light the way to the cave where the cows were hidden'; Kāvya is identified with Uṣanās; Uṣanās is identified with Bhṛgu; kāvyaḥ kaveḥ putra uṣanā bhṛguḥ, meaning that only Uṣanās was of the family of Bhṛgu (cf. Viṣṇu Purāṇa, 82); To restrain (the asuras): the text has yamasya jātam; the term yamasya is explained: asurāṇām niyamanārtham
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
य॒ज्ञैः । अथ॑र्वा । प्र॒थ॒मः । प॒थः । त॒ते॒ । ततः॑ । सूर्यः॑ । व्र॒त॒ऽपाः । वे॒नः । आ । अ॒ज॒नि॒ । आ । गाः । आ॒ज॒त् । उ॒शना॑ । क॒व्यः । सचा॑ । य॒मस्य॑ । जा॒तम् । अ॒मृत॑म् । य॒जा॒म॒हे॒ ॥
यज्ञैः । अथर्वा । प्रथमः । पथः । तते । ततः । सूर्यः । व्रतपाः । वेनः । आ । अजनि । आ । गाः । आजत् । उशना । कव्यः । सचा । यमस्य । जातम् । अमृतम् । यजामहे ॥
yajñaiḥ | atharvā | prathamaḥ | pathaḥ | tate | tataḥ | sūryaḥ | vrata-pāḥ | venaḥ | ā | ajani | ā | gāḥ | ājat | uśanā | kavyaḥ | sacā | yamasya | jātam | amṛtam | yajāmahe
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.83.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Atharvan; Atharvavedin.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”
[adverb]
“then; therefore; now; then; from there; subsequently; consequently; then; there; from that; for that reason; alternatively; consequently; furthermore.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“protecting.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“be born.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“drive; expel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Uśanas; Uśanas; uśanas [word]; Uśanas; Venus.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Uśanas; poem; Kāvya; wisdom.”
[adverb]
“jointly.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“kind; object; descendant; kin; being; reincarnation.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”