The Sanskrit term Trairāśika can be transliterated into English as Trairasika or Trairashika, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wikibooks (hi): Sanskrit Technical Terms

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—Rule of three quantities, simple proportion. Note: Trairāśika is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.

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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक) refers to the “rule of three” and represents one of the twenty operations (logistics) of pāṭīgaṇita (“science of calculation which requires the use of writing material—the board”), according to Pṛthudakasvāmī’s commentary on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta by Brahmagupta, a Sanskrit treatise on ancient Indian mathematics (gaṇita-śāstra) and astronomy from the 7th century.—The Hindu name for the Rule of Three terms is trairāśika (“three terms”, hence “the rule of three terms”). The term trairāśika can be traced back to the beginning of the Christian era as it occurs in the Bakhshali Manuscript, in the Āryabhaṭīya and in all other works on mathematics. About the origin of the name Bhāskara I (c. 525) remarks: “Here three quantities are needed (in the statement and calculation) so the method is called trairāśika (‘the rule of three terms’)”.

The Rule of Three (trairāśika) was highly appreciated by the Hindus because of its simplicity and its universal application to ordinary problems. The method as evolved by the Hindus gives a ready rule which can be applied even by the “ignorant person” to solve problems involving proportion, without fear of committing errors.

Āryabhaṭa I in the Āryabhaṭīya: “In the Rule of Three, the phala (‘fruit’), being multiplied by the icchā (‘requisition’) is divided by the pramāṇa (‘argument’). The quotient is the fruit corresponding to the icchā. The denominators of one being multiplied with the other give the multiplier (i.e., numerator) and the divisor (i.e., denominator)”.

Brahmagupta in the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta: “In the Rule of Three pramāṇa (‘argument’), phala (‘fruit’) and icchā (‘requisition’) are the (given) terms; the first and the last- terms must be similar. The icchā multiplied by the phala and divided by the pramāṇa gives the fruit (of the demand)”.

Śrīdhara in the Triśatikā: “Of the three quantities, the pramāṇa (‘argument’) and icchā (‘requisition’) which are of the same denomination are the first and the last; the phala (‘fruit’) which is of a different denomination stands in the middle; the product of this and the last is to be divided by the first”.

Mahāvīra in the Gaṇitasārasaṃgraha: “In the Rule of Three, the icchā (‘requisition’) and the pramāṇa (‘argument’) being similar, the result is the product of the phala and icchā divided by the pramāṇa”.

Āryabhaṭa II (950) in the Mahāsiddhānta: “The first term is called māna, the middle term vinimaya and the last one icchā. The first and the last are of the same denomination. The last multiplied by the middle and divided by the first gives the result”.

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Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: academia.edu: Rare Sanskrit Words from the Commentary on the Bṛhat-kalpa-bhāṣya

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक) refers to “one who is neither man nor woman” (viz., napuṃsaka).—In his publication for the Journal of Jaina Studies, Yutaka Kawasaki collected in a non-definite list several rare Sanskrit words (e.g., trairāśika) from Malayagiri’s and Kṣemakīrti’s commentaries on the Bṛhatkalpabhāṣya: a 6th century commentary on monastic discipline authored by Svetambara Jain exegete Saṅghadāsa.

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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—m n (S) The rule of three. The words expressing the terms are ādyaṅka, madhyāṅka, antyāṅka or icchāṅka; also ādi, madhya, anta or icchā; also ādi, pramāṇa, icchā, icchāphala. And the two divisions are kramatrairāśika & vyasta or vilōma trairāśika.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—m n The Rule of Three.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—The rule of three (in Math.).

Derivable forms: trairāśikam (त्रैराशिकम्).

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Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—a. Relating to 3 zodiacal signs.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक).—mf.

(-kaḥ-kā) (In Arithmetic,) The rule of three: it is of two kinds kramatrairāśikaḥ Rule of three direct, vyasta or vilomatrairāśikaḥ Rule of three inverse. E. tri three, rāśi quantity, ṭhañ aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक):—[from traiṃśa] mfn. ‘relating to 3 (rāśi) numbers’, with or without gaṇita or karman, the rule of three (in [arithmetic]; cf. krama-, viloma-, vyasta-), [Laghujātaka, by Varāha-mihira [Scholiast or Commentator]; Sūryaprajñapti [Scholiast or Commentator]]

2) [v.s. ...] relating to 3 zodiacal signs, [Hāyana-ratna, by Balabhadra]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक):—[trai-rāśika] (kaḥ-kā) 1. m. f. The Rule of Three, direct is kramatrairāśikaḥ; inverse is vilomatrairāśika.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Trairāśika (त्रैराशिक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Terāsi, Terāsia.

[Sanskrit to German]

Trairashika in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Trairāśika (ತ್ರೈರಾಶಿಕ):—[noun] = ತ್ರೈರಾಶಿ [trairashi].

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Trairāsika (ತ್ರೈರಾಸಿಕ):—[noun] = ತ್ರೈರಾಶಿ [trairashi].

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Rasika, Trai.

Starts with: Trairashikalinga.

Ends with: Kramatrairashika, Samatrairashika, Vilomatrairashika, Vividhatrairashika, Vyastatrairashika.

Full-text (+8): Vilomatrairashika, Terasi, Tericcha, Vyastatrairashika, Trirashi, Vyasta, Antyanka, Terasia, Trairashya, Madhyanka, Adyanka, Tirairacikam, Kramatrairashika, Vyavahari Apurnanka, Dashamshaapurnanka, Pramana, Navarasika, Pancarashika, Ekadasharashika, Saptarashika.

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Search found 3 books and stories containing Trairashika, Trai-rashika, Trai-rāśika, Trai-rasika, Trai-rāsika, Trairāśika, Trairasika, Trairāsika; (plurals include: Trairashikas, rashikas, rāśikas, rasikas, rāsikas, Trairāśikas, Trairasikas, Trairāsikas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Sutrakritanga (English translation) (by Hermann Jacobi)

Lecture 1, Chapter 3 < [Book 1]

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A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 3 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)

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Kalpa-sutra (Lives of the Jinas) (by Hermann Jacobi)

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