Pratyanga, Prati-anga, Pratyaṅga, Pratyamga: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Pratyanga means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—An ancient king of Bhārata. (Śloka 238, Chapter 1, Ādi Parva).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग) refers to the “minor limbs” and represents one of the three types of Āṅgikābhinaya (gesture language of the limbs) as used within the classical tradition of Indian dance and performance, also known as Bharatanatyam.—Āṅgika-abhinaya is the gesture language of the limbs. Dance is an art that expresses itself through the medium of body, and therefore, āṅgikābhinaya is essential for any dance and especially for any classical dance of India. Pratyaṅgas or the minor limbs consist of shoulders, shoulder blades, arms, back, thighs and calves.
Pratyaṅgas consists of six minor limbs. They are
- skandha (shoulders),
- bāhu (arms),
- pṛṣṭha (back),
- udara (stomach),
- ūru (thighs),
- jaṅga (shanks).
Some others considered three more, that is, maṇibandha (wrists), jānu (knees) and kurpara (elbows) as pratyaṅgas. The parts that are mentioned above are involved while dancing; whereas in iconographic figures these parts are found in a figure to make a full human form. But there is no distinct division of postures for the figures.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग) refers to the “subsidiary members” (of elephants), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 6, “on determination of measurements”]: “5. As to elephants which are overstout or lean likewise, or mutilated in a member, their members (or bodies) are not measurable (in terms of the standard measurements), nor their subsidiary members (pratyaṅga) [pratyaṅgāni ca], O prince”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pratyaṅga (प्रत्यंग).—n (S) A minor member of the body: also a subdivision of a subject.
pratyaṅga (प्रत्यंग).—n A minor member of the body.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—
1) a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose.
2) a division, chapter, section.
3) every limb.
4) a weapon.
-ṅgam ind.
Derivable forms: pratyaṅgam (प्रत्यङ्गम्).
Pratyaṅga is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms prati and aṅga (अङ्ग).
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—m.
(-ṅgaḥ) An organ of perception. n. Adv.
(-ṅgaṃ) On the body, or the limbs severally. n. Subst.
(-ṅgaṃ) 1. A minor member of the body, as the chin, nose, ear, &c. 2. A subdivision of science, &c. E. prati belonging to, aṅga the body.
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—i. e. prati-aṅga, I. n. A minor member of the body, as the chin, nose, etc. Ii. gam, adv. 1. Limb by limb, [Pañcatantra] 183, 21. 2. Each part, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 208.
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—1. [neuter] a minor or secondary member of the body.
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग).—2. (°—) & ngam [adverb] limb by limb, member by member.
1) Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—[=praty-aṅga] [from praty > prati] n. a minor or secondary member of the body (as the forehead, nose, chin, fingers, ears etc.; the 6 Aṅgas or chief members being the trunk, head, arms and legs), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Suśruta] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] a division, section, part, [Suśruta; Nirukta, by Yāska]
3) [v.s. ...] a subdivision (of a science etc.), [Horace H. Wilson]
4) [v.s. ...] a weapon, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
5) [v.s. ...] m. a kind of measure, [Saṃgīta-sārasaṃgraha]
6) [v.s. ...] Name of a prince, [Mahābhārata]
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—[pratya+ṅga] (ṅgaḥ) 1. m. Organ of perception. n. A minor limb; a subdivision. adv. On the body.
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—1. (1. pra + aṅga) m. Nomen proprium eines Fürsten [Mahābhārata 1, 232.]
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—2. (wie eben) n.
1) Nebenglied [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 11.] Am menschlichen Leibe sind Rumpf, Kopf, Arme und Beine die sechs Glieder (aṅga); die Nebenglieder sind Stirn, Nase, Kinn, Ohren, Finger u.s.w. [Śabdacandrikā im Śabdakalpadruma] [Suśruta 1, 5, 15. 125, 11. 127, 5. 322, 9. 337, 6.] aṅgapratyaṅgasaṃbhūta [Mahābhārata 3, 14317.] aṅgapratyaṅgajaḥ putro hṛdayāccāpi jāyate . tasmātpriyataro mātuḥ [Rāmāyaṇa.2,74,11] [?(76,16 Gorresio). SADDH. Pāṇini’s acht Bücher.4,5,a. Kullūka zu Manu’s Gesetzbuch.2,147. Rāmāyaṇa.3,75,54. Prabodhacandrodaja 85,12.] —
2) Abtheilung, Theil [Suśruta 1, 2, 3.] ekasyātmano nye devatāḥ pratyaṅgāni [Yāska’s Nirukta 7, 4.] —
3) Waffe (= āyudha [Scholiast]) [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 1, 23.]
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—2. , aṅgapratyaṅgopāṅga [SARVADARŚANAS. 78, 4.] saṃbhava [97, 18.]
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—1. m. Nomen proprium eines Fürsten.
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—2. n. —
1) Nebenglied des Körpers: Stirn , Nase , Kinn , Ohren , Finger u.s.w. [Vajracchedikā 31,11.] —
2) Abtheilung , Theil. —
3) Waffe.
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—3. m. ein best. Tact. [Saṃgitasārasaṃgraha 208.]
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Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—4. und pratyaṅgama Adv. —
1) auf — , an jedem Theile des Körpers. —
2) für die eigene Person. —
3) für jeden Theil (einer Opferhandlung). —
4) bei jedem grammatischen Thema
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paccaṃga.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Pratyaṃga (प्रत्यंग) [Also spelled pratyang]:—(nm) minor parts (of the body); (ind) each and every part.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Pratyaṃga (ಪ್ರತ್ಯಂಗ):—[noun] a minor or secondary member of the body (as the forehead, nose, chin, fingers, ears, etc.).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Pratyaṅga (प्रत्यङ्ग):—n. every body part;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Anga, Prati, Anka.
Starts with: Pratyangabhinaya, Pratyangadakshina, Pratyangam, Pratyangatva, Pratyangavartin.
Full-text (+14): Angapratyanga, Pratyangadakshina, Pratyangatva, Pratyangavartin, Pratyangam, Suvibhaktangapratyanga, Angapratyangavibhagasha, Pratyangabhinaya, Angikabhinaya, Janga, Prishtha, Kurpara, Skandha, Bahu, Udara, Manibandha, Pratyng, Aaru, Pratyang, Muktasamshaya.
Relevant text
Search found 38 books and stories containing Pratyanga, Prati-amga, Prati-aṃga, Prati-anga, Prati-aṅga, Pratyaṃga, Pratyamga, Pratyaṅga, Pratyangas; (plurals include: Pratyangas, amgas, aṃgas, angas, aṅgas, Pratyaṃgas, Pratyamgas, Pratyaṅgas, Pratyangases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 11 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 321 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Page 321 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 2]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Applied anatomical consideration of tarunasthi as per ayur-veda < [2024, Issue 01. January]
Pilot study on measurement of shiras of deergayu and madhyamayu persons < [2019, Issue 4, April]
A critical and consolidate study of medodhara kala w.s.r. to majja dhatu < [2023, Issue 12, December]
Gati in Theory and Practice (by Dr. Sujatha Mohan)
Technical treatises on Nāṭya (other works) < [Chapter 1 - Nāṭya]
Elements of Āṅgika-abhinaya in Nāṭyaśāstra < [Chapter 1 - Nāṭya]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
Anguli Pramana in Ayurveda - A method of measurement in Ancient time < [Vol. 5 No. 01 (2020)]
Review on Shadanga Sharira < [Vol. 5 No. 06 (2020)]
Critical anatomical review of Tarunasthi (cartilage tissue) in Ayurveda < [Vol. 4 No. 01 (2019)]
Study of charkokta angula pramana of shadanga and it’s impact on physical health < [Volume 8, Issue 2: March - April 2021]
Study on Charakokta Angula Pramana for Shirogreevagata Pratyanga < [Volume 10, Issue 3: May-June 2023]
Study of rachana sharir described in laghutrayee in comparison with brihatrayee < [Volume 5, Issue 1: January - February 2018]
Hastalaksanadipika a critical edition and study (by E. K. Sudha)
4. Nandikesvara and Balarama-varma—their views in relation to the Hastalaksanadipika < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
5. study of Balaramabharata < [Chapter 3 - Later developments of dramatic techniques]
1. Abhinayadarpana—the basic layout < [Chapter 3 - Later developments of dramatic techniques]