Piyala, Piyāla: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Piyala means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsPiyala [पियाल] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida from the Anacardiaceae (Cashew) family having the following synonyms: Buchanania lanzan, Buchanania latifolia, Chironjia sapida. For the possible medicinal usage of piyala, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Piyala in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Buchanania axillaris (Desr.) Ramamoorthy from the Anacardiaceae (Cashew) family having the following synonyms: Buchanania angustifolia, Cambessedea axillaris.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramPiyāla (पियाल) refers to one of the sacred trees mentioned in the Kaulāvalinirṇaya.—Trees, forests and groves close to human settlements have been venerated throughout the subcontinent up to the present day as the abodes of deities and a range of supernatural beings. [...] In the Kaula and related Tantras, such beings came to be identified with Yoginīs and so the trees they inhabited as Yakṣinīs came to be venerated as Kula trees (kulavṛkṣa) in which Yoginīs reside. The Kaulāvalinirṇaya enjoins that the adept should bow to the Kula and the Lord of Kula when he sees one of these trees [i.e., Piyāla] and recollect that Yoginīs reside in them.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: BDK Tripiṭaka: The Susiddhikara-sūtraPiyāla (पियाल) refers to a type of fruit-bearing tree, as mentioned in Chapter 12 (“offering food”) of the Susiddhikara-sūtra. Accordingly, “The fruit produced by the piyāla tree is for using with the praiṣika. [...] There are many more kinds of fruit such as the above varieties, but with different names: examine their taste and use them accordingly to make offerings”.
When you wish to offer food [viz., piyāla], first cleanse the ground, sprinkle scented water all around, spread out on the ground leaves that have been washed clean, such as lotus leaves, palāśa (dhak) leaves, and leaves from lactescent trees, or new cotton cloth, and then set down the oblatory dishes. [...] First smear and sprinkle the ground and then spread the leaves; wash your hands clean, rinse out your mouth several times, swallow some water, and then you should set down the food [viz., piyāla]. [...]
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: The Jaina IconographyPiyāla (पियाल) or Veśāli refers to the tree connected with Abhinandananātha: the fourth of twenty-four Tīrthaṃkaras or Jinas, commonly depicted in Jaina iconography.—The tree connected with [Abhinandananātha’s] Kevala knowledge is Piyāla (Veśāli tree according to other texts). The Yakṣa believed to have been appointed by Indra, as in all cases, to serve him is named Īśvara and the Yakṣiṇī’s name is Kālī. The particular pose in which he is to appear in sculpture is called Khaḍgāsana i.e., standing posture.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Piyala in India is the name of a plant defined with Buchanania axillaris in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Mangifera axillaris Desr..
2) Piyala is also identified with Buchanania lanzan It has the synonym Buchanania latifolia Roxb..
3) Piyala is also identified with Buchanania latifolia.
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Tree Sciences (1984)
· J. Sci. Food Agric. (1977)
· Hortus Bengalensis, or ‘a Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta’ (1814)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1990)
· Fl. Hassan Distr. Karnataka, India (1976)
· Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (1978)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Piyala, for example chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, health benefits, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryPiyāla, (cp. Class. Sk. priyāla) the Piyal tree, Buchanania latifolia J. V, 415.—(nt.) the fruit of this tree, used as food J. IV, 344; V, 324. (Page 460)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypiyāla (पियाल).—f m (S) A tree, Chironjia sapida. Rox. Also called Buchanania latifolia. Rox.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPiyāla (पियाल).—Name of a tree; मृगाः प्रियालद्रुममञ्जरीणां रजःकणैर्विघ्रितदृष्टिपाताः (mṛgāḥ priyāladrumamañjarīṇāṃ rajaḥkaṇairvighritadṛṣṭipātāḥ) Kumārasambhava 3.31.
-lam The fruit of this tree.
Derivable forms: piyālaḥ (पियालः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPiyāla (पियाल).—m.
(-laḥ) A tree, called in Hindi also Chironji, (whence it has been named Chironjia sapida, Rox. in the catalogue it is termed Buchanania, latifolia, Rox.;) in Bengal, commonly Piya or Piyal. E. pīya a sautra root, to regard, Unadi aff. kālan.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPiyāla (पियाल).—for original priyāla (q. cf.), m. A tree, Buchanania latifolia Roxb. n. Its fruit.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Piyāla (पियाल):—m. (for priyāla q.v.) the tree Buchanania Latifolia (in Bengal commonly called Piyal)
2) n. its fruit, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa; Rāmāyaṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPiyāla (पियाल):—(laḥ) 1. m. A tree so called.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryPiyāla (पियाल) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Priyāla.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPiyāla (ಪಿಯಾಲ):—[noun] the tree Buchanania lanzan ( = B. latifolia) of Anacardiaceae family.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Piyalabija, Piyalaka, Piyalamajja, Piyalaphaladayaka, Piyalapupphiya.
Full-text (+15): Priyala, Sannaka, Prasavaka, Capapata, Drusallaka, Sannakadru, Sanna, Piyalabija, Piyalamajja, Samnikshara, Dhanu, Rajavriksha, Piyalapupphiya, Makshavirya, Dhanuhpata, Snehabija, Tapasapriya, Dhanushpata, Sannakadruma, Vrikshadana.
Relevant text
Search found 15 books and stories containing Piyala, Piyāla; (plurals include: Piyalas, Piyālas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Jain Remains of Ancient Bengal (by Shubha Majumder)
The twenty-four Tīrthaṅkaras and their Yakṣas and Yakṣiṇīs < [Chapter 6 - Iconographic Study of Jaina Sculptural Remains]
Ramayana of Valmiki (by Hari Prasad Shastri)
Chapter 94 - Shri Rama decides to spend his exile on the mountain < [Book 2 - Ayodhya-kanda]
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter XLVI - Symptoms and Treatment of Fainting fits (Murccha) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Chapter LII - Symptoms and Treatment of Cough (Kasa) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Chapter XL - Symptoms and treatment of Diarrhea (Atisara) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
The Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
Sushruta Samhita, volume 4: Cikitsasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter V - The diseases affecting the nervous system
Chapter XVIII - The medical treatment of Glandular Swellings
Chapter III - The medical treatments of fractures and dislocations
A study of the philosophy of Jainism (by Deepa Baruah)
Chapter I.c - The lives of the Tīrthaṅkaras < [Chapter I - Introduction]