Apakarsha, Apakarṣa: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Apakarsha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Apakarṣa can be transliterated into English as Apakarsa or Apakarsha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Apkarsh.
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: archive.org: Uṇādi-Sūtras In The Sanskrit Grammatical TraditionApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—One of the six devices which form the requisite qualifications of Sanskrit grammar;—Apakarṣa is another form of anuvṛtti which consists in the extension of some word ord words from a sūtra to the preceding sūtra or sūtras. This technical device is not found in the uṇādi-sūtras.
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar1) Apakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—Deterioration of the place or instrument of the production of sound resulting in the fault called निरस्त (nirasta); cf. स्थानकरणयेरपकर्षेण निरस्तं नाम दोष उत्पद्यते (sthānakaraṇayerapakarṣeṇa nirastaṃ nāma doṣa utpadyate), R. Pr. XIV.2;
2) Apakarṣa.—Drawing back a word or words from a succeeding rule of grammar to the preceding one; cf. "वक्ष्यति तस्यायं पुरस्तादपकर्षः (vakṣyati tasyāyaṃ purastādapakarṣaḥ), M. Bh. on II.2.8.
3) Apakarṣa.—Inferiority (in the case of qualities) न च द्रव्यस्य प्रकर्षापकर्षौ स्तः । (na ca dravyasya prakarṣāpakarṣau staḥ |)
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Buddhist philosophy
Source: Google Books: A History of Indian Logic (Buddhist Philosophy)Apakarṣa (अपकर्ष) or Apakarṣasamā refers to “balancing a deficit” and represents one of the various kinds of Jāti (“analogue” or “far-fetched analogy”) (in debate), according to Upāyakauśalyahṛdaya, an ancient work on the art of debate composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna.
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Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryapakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—m (S) apakarṣaṇa n S Drawing down or back. 2 fig. Detraction or traducing; depreciation or deterioration; degrading or dishonoring: also decline, descent, change to a worse or lower state. 3 Anticipated performance of a duty; performance at a period anterior to that for which it is prescribed. 4 (In poetry &c.) Anticipation of some word occurring onwards, and application of it to complete the sense of some particular verse or line.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishapakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—mkarṣaṇa n Detraction, deterioration, diminution, decline, descent. Dishon- our, degradation. Anticipation of a word occurring later on.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—(a)
1) Drawing off or down; diminution, decrease, reduction; मदोऽपकर्षात् (mado'pakarṣāt) Daśakumāracarita 16; loss, decay, decline, destruction; तेजोऽपकर्षः (tejo'pakarṣaḥ) Ve.1; deterioration, inferiority; उत्कर्षापकर्षविहीनो मध्यः (utkarṣāpakarṣavihīno madhyaḥ) Sk. (b) Dishonour, degradation, lowering (of esteem), infamy, disgrace (opp. utkarṣa in all senses); तपोबीजप्रभावैस्तु ते गच्छन्ति युगे युगे । उत्कर्षं चापकर्षं च मनुष्येष्विह जन्मतः (tapobījaprabhāvaistu te gacchanti yuge yuge | utkarṣaṃ cāpakarṣaṃ ca manuṣyeṣviha janmataḥ) || Manusmṛti 1.42; मूल्यो- त्कर्ष° (mūlyo- tkarṣa°) rise and fall in price, increase and decrease.
2) Anticipated performance of a duty, as of a Śrāddha, anticipation (of some detail or details at a vikṛtiyāga), i. e. performing them at an earlier stage. (see utkarṣa).
3) Anticipation of a word occurring later on (in gram., poetry or Mīmāṃsā &c.).
Derivable forms: apakarṣaḥ (अपकर्षः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—in mūlāpa°, see mūla.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—m.
(-rṣaḥ) 1. Pulling down, bringing low, lowering, depressing. 2. Inferiority, infamy, degradation. So apakarṣaṇa n.
(-ṇaṃ) E. apa before, kṛṣa to attrack, ghañ or lyuṭ aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—i. e. apa-kṛṣ + a, m. 1. Deterioration. 2. Sinking, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 10, 42.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष).—[masculine] drawing away, taking off, diminution, deterioration; anticipation (ph.).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Apakarṣa (अपकर्ष):—[=apa-karṣa] [from apa-kṛṣ] m. drawing or dragging off or down, detraction, diminution, decay
2) [v.s. ...] lowering, depression
3) [v.s. ...] decline, inferiority, infamy
4) [v.s. ...] anticipation, [Nyāyamālā-vistara]
5) [v.s. ...] (in poetry) anticipation of a word occurring later.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldstücker Sanskrit-English DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष):—[tatpurusha compound] m.
(-rṣaḥ) 1) Drawing down, pulling away (the converse of utkarṣa, drawing up); e. g. (in a comm. on four lines of a stanza:) atra pādatraye krameṇa bandhasya gāḍhatā . caturthapāde tvapakarṣaḥ; also figuratively, taking off, diminishing, as in the following instance which combines both applications: yathā daṇḍāpakarṣe tatsaṃbandhasyāpūpasyāpyapakarṣaḥ . tathā putrasaṃkrāntadhanasya patnīgatatayāpakarṣe tatsaṃbandhasya kanyādhanāvaśiṣṭatvaviśeṣaṇasyāpakarṣaḥ ..
2) Depreciation, deterioration, inferiority, degraded condition; (in this sense also opposed to prakarṣa) e. g. the words of Manu kuvivāhaiḥ…kulānyakulatāṃ yānti are explained by Kullūka: āsurādivivāhaiḥ…prakhyātakulānyapakarṣaṃ gacchanti; or on the affixes of the comparative tarap and īyasun a Vārttika observes: tarabīyasunorekadravyasyotkarṣāpakarṣayorupasaṃkhyānam.
3) (In the Nyāya philosophy.) Denying or disputing away qualities which a thing possesses (vidyamānadharmāpacayopakarṣaḥ); comp. apakarṣasama.
4) Superseding (as a rule); e. g. in the Vārtt. to Pāṇ. Iii. 4. 102. na vā vākyāpakarṣāt where the last word is explained by Patanjali: vākyāpakarṣādyāsuṭ sīyuṭaṃ bādhiṣyate, and by Kaiyyaṭa: liṅaḥ sīyuḍityasya vākyasya yāsuḍvidhivākyenāpakarṣo bādha ityarthaḥ ..
5) Anticipating something which occurs later (as a religious act or a word of a sentence); in this sense it is met with frequently in writings on the Mīmāṃsā; e. g. darśapūrṇamāsayoḥ puroḍāśasya kapāleṣu sthāpitasyācchādanamāmnātam . bhasmanābhivāsayatīti . tata ūrdhvaṃ vedirāmnātā . tenaiva krameṇa paurṇamāsīyāge pratipadyanuṣṭhānaṃ kṛtam . darśayāge tu vederapakarṣa āmnātaḥ . pūrvedyuramāvāsyāyāṃ vediṃ karotīti . tatra vedeḥ pūrvabhāvinobhivāsanāntasyāṅgasamūhasyāpakarṣaḥ kartavyaḥ &c. |. For the ind. apakarṣam see under apakarṣam. E. kṛṣ, with apa, kṛt aff. ghañ.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष):—[apa-karṣa] (ṣaḥ) 1. m. Pulling down; degradation.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Apakarṣa (अपकर्ष) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Apakārisa, Avakarisa, Avakkarisa, Avakkāsa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryApakarṣa (अपकर्ष) [Also spelled apkarsh]:—(nm) downfall; degeneration, degradation, debasement; hence ~[ka] (nm, a).
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusApakarṣa (ಅಪಕರ್ಷ):—
1) [noun] a state or condition of reduced importance, power, regard or respect; a period of decline.
2) [noun] a miserable, humiliating condition or state of affairs.
3) [noun] the act of repelling or pushing afar.
4) [noun] the condition of being repelled.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Apakarshaka, Apakarsham, Apakarshana, Apakarshanata, Apakarshane, Apakarshanem, Apakarshasama.
Ends with: Anapakarsha, Kalapakarsha, Karshapakarsha, Mulapakarsha, Purastadapakarsha, Rasapakarsha, Sadoshapakarsha, Vyapakarsha.
Full-text (+8): Avakkasa, Apakarshasama, Anukarsha, Apakarshana, Anapakarsha, Balapakarsham, Apakarsham, Apakarisa, Vyapakarsha, Avakarisa, Purastadapakarsha, Avakkarisa, Pratikarsha, Apkarsh, Apakarshanem, Tadaditadantanyaya, Apratikarsha, Purastat, Sadoshapakarsha, Apakrishta.
Relevant text
Search found 4 books and stories containing Apakarsha, Apakarṣa, Apakarsa, Apa-karsha, Apa-karṣa, Apa-karsa; (plurals include: Apakarshas, Apakarṣas, Apakarsas, karshas, karṣas, karsas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.2.1 < [Chapter 2 - Divya (the celestial plane)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.1 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
The Markandeya Purana (by Frederick Eden Pargiter)
Matangalila and Hastyayurveda (study) (by Chandrima Das)
Training of Elephants < [Chapter 3]