Shrotra, Śrotra: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Shrotra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śrotra can be transliterated into English as Srotra or Shrotra, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: YogaŚrotra (श्रोत्र) is a Sanskrit word referring to the “ear”. It is one of the fourteen Adhyātma (pertaining to the body) mentioned in the Subālopaniṣad (fifth section). The corresponding Ādhibhūta (pertaining to the elements) is called śrotavya (the audible) and the corresponding Adhidaivata (presiding deity) is diś (the quarters). Accordingly, “the nādis form their bond (or connect them). He who moves in the ear (śrotra), in the audible (śrotavya), in the quarters (diś), in the nādis, in prāṇa, in vijñāna, in ānanda, in the ākāśa of the heart and within all else—That is Ātman. It is that which should be worshipped. It is without old age, death, fear, sorrow or end.”
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexŚrotra (श्रोत्र).—A Tuṣita god.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 19. Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 18.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsŚrotra (श्रोत्र):—The seat of aditory sense organ
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)Śrotra (श्रोत्र) refers to the “hearing organ”, according to the Nyāyamañjarī, vol. I, 501 (Cf. Āgamaḍambara, 68).—Accordingly, “And also with respect to the inference of the hearing organ (śrotra-anumāna) and so on, according to the way in which it is formulated, one can declare similarly, [as in the case of the inference of God or the Self, that it is invalid] …”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra1) Śrotra (श्रोत्र, “ear”) refers to the “two ears”, from which the Buddha emitted numerous rays when he smiled with his whole body after contemplating the entire universe, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV).—Accordingly, having himself arranged the lion-seat, the Bhagavat sat down cross-legged; holding his body upright and fixing his attention, he entered into the samādhirājasamādhi. Then, having tranquilly come out of this samādhi and having contemplated the entire universe with his divine eye (divyacakṣus), the Bhagavat smiled with his whole body. Wheels with a thousand spokes imprinted on the soles of his feet (pādatala) shoot out six hundred prabhedakoṭi of rays. In the same way, beams of six hundred prabhedakoṭi of rays are emitted from his two ears (śrotra).
2) Śrotra (श्रोत्र, “hearing”) refers to the one of the twenty-two faculties (indriya), according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 38. The word indriya, derived from the root id or ind, is synonymous with great power, with control. The twenty-two Dharmas in question [viz., Śrotra] have the characteristic of being dominant in regard to the living being (sattva) in that which concerns: his primary constitution, his distinctiveness, his duration, his moral defilement and his purification.
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāŚrotra (श्रोत्र) refers to the “ear”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Since reflecting on the thought is not distracted by sounds, knowing ear (śrotra), sound, and [ear]-consciousness he practices meditation purified in respect of its proper essential character. Since reflecting on the thought is not distracted by scents, knowing nose, scents, and [nose]-consciousness he practices meditation purified in respect of its proper essential character. Since reflecting on the thought is not distracted by tastes, knowing tongue, tastes, and [tongue]-consciousness he practices meditation purified in respect of its proper essential character. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgrahaŚrotra (श्रोत्र, “ear”) or śrotrāyatana refers to one of the “twelve sense spheres” (āyatana) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 24). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., śrotra). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
Śrotra (“ear”) also represents one of the “eighteen elements” (dhātu) as well as one of the “eleven form components” (rūpaskandha).
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryŚrotra.—(IE 8-5; EI 32), probably, a tax in kind collected from farmers by a lessee of State lands; same as Marāṭhī śilotara, śilotarī or śilotrī; cf. śrotaka. Note: śrotra is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryśrōtra (श्रोत्र).—n S The sense or the organ of hearing.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishśrōtra (श्रोत्र).—n The sense or the organ of hearing.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryŚrotra (श्रोत्र).—[śrūyate'nena śru-karaṇe-ṣṭran]
1) The ear; श्रोत्रं श्रुतेनैव न कुण्डलेन (śrotraṃ śrutenaiva na kuṇḍalena) Bhartṛhari 2.71.
2) Proficiency in the Vedas.
3) The Veda.
Derivable forms: śrotram (श्रोत्रम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚrotra (श्रोत्र).—n.
(-traṃ) 1. The ear. 2. The veda. E. śru to hear, Unadi aff. ṣṭran .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚrotra (श्रोत्र).—i. e. śru + tra, n. The ear, [Pañcatantra] v. [distich] 15.
— Cf. [Anglo-Saxon.] hleodhor.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚrotra (श्रोत्र).—[neuter] ear, hearing.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śrotra (श्रोत्र):—[from śrotavya] n. the organ of hearing, ear, auricle, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] the act of hearing or listening to, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] conversancy with the Veda or sacred knowledge itself, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚrotra (श्रोत्र):—(traṃ) 1. n. The ear.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Śrotra (श्रोत्र) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Sotta.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusŚrōtra (ಶ್ರೋತ್ರ):—
1) [noun] the organ of hearing; the ear.
2) [noun] the vedas.
3) [noun] (hist.) a tax levied on the land given to a vaidic brāhmaṇa.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+33): Shrotrabhid, Shrotrabhirama, Shrotrabhrit, Shrotracit, Shrotrada, Shrotradaurbalya, Shrotradhatu, Shrotradi, Shrotraguttage, Shrotraharin, Shrotrahina, Shrotrajna, Shrotrajnata, Shrotrakanta, Shrotrakshaya, Shrotram, Shrotramarga, Shrotramaya, Shrotramula, Shrotranasha.
Ends with: Ashrotra, Cakshuhshrotra, Cakshushrotra, Catuhshrotra, Divyashrotra, Ghatashrotra, Goshrotra, Nishrotra, Sarvatahshrotra, Stabdhashrotra, Trishrotra.
Full-text (+83): Shrotrasukha, Divyashrotra, Shrautra, Shrotravat, Shrotratas, Shrotravadin, Shrotranetramaya, Shrotrasvin, Shrotramula, Shrotrendriya, Shrotrapali, Shrotraparampara, Shrotrapadavi, Svin, Shrotrata, Shrotramaya, Shrotraputa, Catuhshrotra, Shrotradi, Shrotrapeya.
Relevant text
Search found 61 books and stories containing Shrotra, Śrotra, Srotra, Śrōtra; (plurals include: Shrotras, Śrotras, Srotras, Śrōtras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 15.9 < [Chapter 15 - Puruṣottama-toga (Yoga through understanding the Supreme Person)]
Verse 4.26 < [Chapter 4 - Jñāna-Yoga (Yoga through Transcendental Knowledge)]
Verse 2.42 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 2.19 - The names of the five senses (indriya) < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Verse 2.23 - The possessors of the remaining four senses < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Verse 2.14 - The ‘trasa’ beings < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Kena upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
Mantra 1.2 < [Book 1 - Prathama-Khaṇḍa]
Mantra 1.1 < [Book 1 - Prathama-Khaṇḍa]
Mantra 1.7 < [Book 1 - Prathama-Khaṇḍa]
Yoga-sutras (Vedanta Commentaries)
Sūtras 40-50 < [Part III - Powers]
Kena Upanishad with Shankara’s Commentary (by S. Sitarama Sastri)