Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana
by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words
Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...
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Text 7.82
अविद्यमानः क्रमो यत्र तद् अक्रमम्. यथा,
avidyamānaḥ kramo yatra tad akramam. yathā,
(20) The fault called akrama (bad word order) means there is a lack of sequence. For example:
tvaṃ ca pañceṣu-sadṛśo ramyā bhānoś ca sā sutā |
śrutveti vipulāṃ lebhe mudaṃ nanda-suto hariḥ ||
“You are like Cupid, and the Yamunā is delightful.” Upon hearing this, Hari, Nanda’s son, felt great joy.
atra sā ceti ca-kārasya, iti śrutvetīti-śabdasya sthitau kramaḥ. asthāna-sthaṃ padaṃ hi jhaṭity anvayaṃ bodhayati na tv akramam iti tato bhedaḥ.
In this verse, the words ca sā should have been written in proper sequence: sā ca, and similarly śrutvā iti should have been written: iti śrutvā.
The difference between asthāna-stha-pada (wrongly placed word) and akrama is that only the former immediately causes the understanding of the syntactical connection of the words of the sentence.
Commentary:
Another instance of the fault of akrama is the wrong placement of the word iva (like). An example is: bhallīnām iva pāna-karma (Kāvya-prakāśa, verse 200) (Commentary 7.48), which stands for: bhallīnāṃ pāna-karmeva, “like the wetting of arrows.”[1] Often the wrong placement of a word is due to the meter.