Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.114.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒स्रो दे॒ष्ट्राय॒ निॠ॑ती॒रुपा॑सते दीर्घ॒श्रुतो॒ वि हि जा॒नन्ति॒ वह्न॑यः । तासां॒ नि चि॑क्युः क॒वयो॑ नि॒दानं॒ परे॑षु॒ या गुह्ये॑षु व्र॒तेषु॑ ॥
तिस्रो देष्ट्राय निॠतीरुपासते दीर्घश्रुतो वि हि जानन्ति वह्नयः । तासां नि चिक्युः कवयो निदानं परेषु या गुह्येषु व्रतेषु ॥
tisro deṣṭrāya nirṛtīr upāsate dīrghaśruto vi hi jānanti vahnayaḥ | tāsāṃ ni cikyuḥ kavayo nidānam pareṣu yā guhyeṣu vrateṣu ||
English translation:
“The three Nirṛtis do obeisance for the gist (of oblations), for (the gods), the far-famed sustainers (ofthe universe), know (their obeisance); the wise have ascertained the primary cause of these (divinities) who(exist) in the conspicuous (or) in the hidden observances.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The three Nirṛtis: niṛṛti= the earth;
Nirṛtiḥ = the threeregions, earth, mid-air, and heaven, or the three deities (Agni etc.) presiding over those regions
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sadhrirvairupo dharmo vā tāpasaḥ [sadhrirvairupa dharma vā tāpasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒स्रः । दे॒ष्ट्राय॑ । निःऽऋ॑तीः । उप॑ । आ॒स॒ते॒ । दी॒र्घ॒ऽश्रुतः॑ । वि । हि । जा॒नन्ति॑ । वह्न॑यः । तासा॑म् । नि । चि॒क्युः॒ । क॒वयः॑ । नि॒ऽदान॑म् । परे॑षु । याः । गुह्ये॑षु । व्र॒तेषु॑ ॥
तिस्रः । देष्ट्राय । निःऋतीः । उप । आसते । दीर्घश्रुतः । वि । हि । जानन्ति । वह्नयः । तासाम् । नि । चिक्युः । कवयः । निदानम् । परेषु । याः । गुह्येषु । व्रतेषु ॥
tisraḥ | deṣṭrāya | niḥ-ṛtīḥ | upa | āsate | dīrgha-śrutaḥ | vi | hi | jānanti | vahnayaḥ | tāsām | ni | cikyuḥ | kavayaḥ | ni-dānam | pareṣu | yāḥ | guhyeṣu | vrateṣu
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.114.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“destruction; Nirṛti; adversity.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“worship; attend; serve; get; approach; obtain; perform; expect.”
[noun]
“long; long; long; large; far; deep; dīrgha [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“listening.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; come to know; notice; determine; think of; find; learn; perceive; identify; recognize; understand; know; learn; ascertain; detect; deem.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“observe; detect; notice; heed; mind.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“nidāna; cause; symptom; band.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“best; other; following; devoted(p); extreme; highest; otherwordly; better; hostile; maximal; distant; another(a); para [word]; upper; concluding; foreign; earlier; worse; longer; finest; excessive.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“secret; concealed.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”